Arabidopsis PLETHORA Transcription Factors Control Phyllotaxis

Prasad, Kalika; Grigg, Stephen P.; Barkoulas, Michalis; Yadav, Ram Kishor; Sánchez-Pérez, Gabino F.; Pinon, Violaine; Blilou, Ikram; Hofhuis, Hugo; Dhonukshe, Pankaj; Galinha, Carla; Mähönen, Ari Pekka; Müller, Wally H.; Raman, Smita; Verkleij, Arie J.; Snel, Berend; Reddy, G. Venugopala; Tsiantis, Miltos; Scheres, Ben

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2011.05.009

Cited by 127 publications

(162 citation statements)

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“…They additionally regulate and require the shoot promoting factors CUC1 and CUC2 to complete the process (Fig.7 K iii, iv). PLT-like genes are present in multiple plant species [15,35]. It is tempting to speculate that a PLT-mediated mechanistic module might be utilized as a common strategy to regenerate desired organs in plant species where de novo shoot regeneration is naturally blocked at intermediate developmental phases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To understand the mechanisms controlling the intermediate steps leading to shoot regeneration, mutants that are blocked at different developmental phases of shoot regeneration need to be examined. In a search for genes whose loss of function did not affect callus formation but blocked subsequent steps of de novo shoot regeneration, we considered genes that control lateral organ positioning in Arabidopsis [15,16]. The triple mutant plt3; plt5-2; plt7 displays normal shoot outgrowth in planta, but produces aberrant lateral root primordia.…”

Section: Plt3 Plt5 and Plt7 Display Dynamic Expression Patterns Durimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The origins of plt3-1, plt5-2 and plt7-1, double and triple combinations of plt mutants [15] and the cuc1-5;cuc2-3 double mutant [36] have been described previously. The cuc1-5; cuc2-3; 35S::PLT5:GR transgenic line was generated by crossing cuc1-5; cuc2-3/+ and wild-type; 35S::PLT5:GR.…”

Section: Experimental Procedures Plant Materials and Growth Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here, we show that plant-specific AP2-family transcription factors, PLETHORA3 (PLT3) PLT5 and PLT7 [15,16], establish the competence to regenerate shoot progenitor cells by inducing root stem cell regulators PLT1 and PLT2. Independently, PLT3, PLT5 and PLT7 regulate the shoot promoting factor CUC2 to permit the de novo shoot regeneration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PLETHORA Genes Control Regeneration by a Two-Step Mechanism

et al. 2015

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SummaryBackground-Regeneration, a remarkable example of developmental plasticity displayed by both plants and animals, involves successive developmental events driven in response to environmental cues. Despite decades of study on the ability of the plant tissues to regenerate complete fertile shoot system after inductive cues, the mechanisms by which cells acquire pluripotency and subsequently regenerate complete organs remain unknown.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Plt3 Plt5 and Plt7 Display Dynamic Expression Patterns Durimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Procedures Plant Materials and Growth Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PLETHORA Genes Control Regeneration by a Two-Step Mechanism

et al. 2015

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A novel putative auxin carrier family regulates intracellular auxin homeostasis in plants

Barbez

Kubeš

Rolčı́k

et al. 2012

Nature

361

406

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The phytohormone auxin acts as a prominent signal, providing, by its local accumulation or depletion in selected cells, a spatial and temporal reference for changes in the developmental program [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] . The distribution of auxin depends on both auxin metabolism (biosynthesis, conjugation and degradation) [8][9][10] and cellular auxin transport [11][12][13][14][15] . We identified in silico a novel putative auxin transport facilitator family, called PIN-LIKES (PILS). Here we illustrate that PILS proteins are required for auxin-dependent regulation of plant growth by determining the cellular sensitivity to auxin. PILS proteins regulate intracellular auxin accumulation at the endoplasmic reticulum and thus auxin availability for nuclear auxin signalling. PILS activity affects the level of endogenous auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), presumably via intracellular accumulation and metabolism. Our findings reveal that the transport machinery to compartmentalize auxin within the cell is of an unexpected molecular complexity and demonstrate this compartmentalization to be functionally important for a number of developmental processes.Prominent auxin carriers with fundamental importance during plant development are PIN-FORMED (PIN) proteins [1][2][3]6,9,15 . PIN1-type auxin carriers regulate the directional intercellular auxin transport at the plasma membrane. In contrast, atypical family member PIN5 regulates intracellular auxin compartmentalization into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum and its role in auxin homeostasis was recently identified 15,16 . PIN proteins have a predicted central hydrophilic loop, flanked at each side by five transmembrane domains. We screened in silico for novel PIN-like putative carrier proteins with a predicted topology similar to PIN proteins ( Fig. 1a and Supplementary Fig. 2) and identified a protein family of seven members (Fig. 1b) in Arabidopsis thaliana, which we designated as the PILS proteins. In contrast to the similarities in the predicted protein topology, PIN and PILS proteins do not show pronounced protein sequence identity (10-18%), which limits the identification of PILS proteins by conventional, reciprocal basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) approaches. However, the distinct PIN and PILS protein families contain both the InterPro auxin carrier domain which is an insilico-defined domain, aiming to predict auxin transport function (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/panda/InterPro.html). The PILS putative carrier family is conserved throughout the whole plant lineage, including unicellular algae (such as Ostreococcus tauri and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii) (Supplementary Fig. 3) where PIN proteins are absent 16 , indicating that PILS proteins are evolutionarily older.PILS genes are broadly expressed in various tissues (Fig. 1c) and PILS2-PILS7 were transcriptionally upregulated by auxin application in wild-type seedlings (Fig. 1d-f and Supplementary Fig. 4), indicating a role in auxin-dependent processes. To investigate the potential function of the putative PILS auxi...

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Identification and analysis of micro‐exons in AP2/ERF and MADS gene families

Song

Bari

2020

FEBS Open Bio

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Micro-exons are a set of ultrashort exons with lengths ≤ 51 nucleotides. Our previous study revealed that micro-exons were enriched in AP2 domains and K-box domains, which are crucial components of AP2/ERF (APETALA2/ethylene-responsive element-binding protein) and MADS-box (an acronym of MCM1, AGAMOUS, DEFICIENS and SRF) genes, respectively. In this study, we analyzed micro-exons in the AP2/ERF family from 63 species and demonstrated that 76.8% of micro-exons are concentrated in AP2 domains. Most micro-exons appeared in the AP2 subfamily of all the terrestrial plants, but not algae. In addition, micro-exons and AP2 domains are conserved and under negative selection. The MIKC gene is a typical MADS-box gene family in terrestrial plants and includes one MADS-box domain and one K-box domain. A total of 92.3% of micro-exons were observed in K-box domains, and two micro-exons usually encoded a region of K-box domain, which is the key to MADS-box protein polymerization. Furthermore, the micro-exons of the K-box domain had higher ratios of nonsynonymous mutations than those of the AP2 domains. Overall, here we explored the relationships and differences among micro-exons in AP2/ERF and MADS families, and revealed potential functional roles of micro-exons in these domains.

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Arabidopsis PLETHORA Transcription Factors Control Phyllotaxis

Cited by 127 publications

References 35 publications

PLETHORA Genes Control Regeneration by a Two-Step Mechanism

PLETHORA Genes Control Regeneration by a Two-Step Mechanism

A novel putative auxin carrier family regulates intracellular auxin homeostasis in plants

Identification and analysis of micro‐exons in AP2/ERF and MADS gene families

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