Arabidopsis thaliana wax synthase gene homologues show diverse expression patterns that suggest a specialized role for these genes in reproductive organs

Klypina, Nina; Hanson, Stephen F.

doi:10.1016/j.plantsci.2008.05.002

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The yeast strain (H1246) that we used to express the putative wax ester-producing enzymes carries four knock-out mutant alleles at the dga1 , lro1 , are1 , and are2 loci; collectively these mutations eliminate neutral lipid biosynthesis [ 34 ] (i.e., TAG and sterol ester biosynthesis is eliminated in this host). This strain has proven ideal for testing the ability of novel gene products to assemble wax esters and other neutral lipids [ 35 , 36 , 37 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Heterologous Expression and Characterization of Plant Wax Ester Producing Enzymes

Cheng

Rizhsky

et al. 2022

Metabolites

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Wax esters are widely distributed among microbes, plants, and mammals, and they serve protective and energy storage functions. Three classes of enzymes catalyze the reaction between a fatty acyl alcohol and a fatty acyl-CoA, generating wax esters. Multiple isozymes of two of these enzyme classes, the membrane-bound O-acyltransferase class of wax synthase (WS) and the bifunctional wax synthase/diacylglycerol acyl transferase (WSD), co-exist in plants. Although WSD enzymes are known to produce the wax esters of the plant cuticle, the functionality of plant WS enzymes is less well characterized. In this study, we investigated the phylogenetic relationships among the 12 WS and 11 WSD isozymes that occur in Arabidopsis, and established two in vivo heterologous expression systems, in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and in Arabidopsis seeds to investigate the catalytic abilities of the WS enzymes. These two refactored wax assembly chassis were used to demonstrate that WS isozymes show distinct differences in the types of esters that can be assembled. We also determined the cellular and subcellular localization of two Arabidopsis WS isozymes. Additionally, using publicly available Arabidopsis transcriptomics data, we identified the co-expression modules of the 12 Arabidopsis WS coding genes. Collectively, these analyses suggest that WS genes may function in cuticle assembly and in supporting novel photosynthetic function(s).

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plasmid pYES-DEST52 carrying different WS ORFs were transformed into yeast ( S. cerevisiae ) strain H1246 ( MATα ; are1-Δ::HIS3 are2-Δ::LEU2 dga1-Δ::KanMX4 lro1-Δ::TRP1 ADE2 ) [ 34 , 60 ] by electroporation [ 61 ]. The yeast strain carrying the plasmid pYES2.1 was used as the negative control in subsequent characterizations.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterologous Expression and Characterization of Plant Wax Ester Producing Enzymes

Cheng

Rizhsky

et al. 2022

Metabolites

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…With the development of genetic and biochemical analysis techniques, such as the isolation and identification of cuticle wax deletion mutants, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, and isotope tracing, the wax biosynthesis pathway of the plant cuticle was studied. The FAR, wax synthase (WS), and β-ketoacyl-CoA synthase (KCS) were verified as the key enzymes [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. It was found that the main component of the sebum in the prepuce gland of mice was wax monoester [ 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of the Key Pathways and Genes Involved in the Wax Biosynthesis of the Chinese White Wax Scale Insect (Ericerus pela Chavannes) by Integrated Weighted Gene Coexpression Network Analysis

Feng

Ling

et al. 2022

Genes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The white wax secreted by the male insects of the Chinese white wax scale (CWWS) is a natural high-molecular-weight compound with important economic value. However, its regulatory mechanism of wax biosynthesis is still unclear. In this study, a weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to analyze transcriptome data of first- and second-instar females, early and late female adults, and first- and second-instar males. A total of 19 partitioned modules with different topological overlaps were obtained, and three modules were identified as highly significant for wax secretion (p < 0.05). A total of 30 hub genes were obtained through screening, among which elongation of very-long-chain fatty acids protein (ELOVL) and fatty acyl-CoA reductase (FAR) are important catalytic enzymes of fatty acid metabolism. Furthermore, their metabolic catalytic products are involved in the synthesis of wax biosynthesis. The results demonstrate that WGCNA can be used for insect transcriptome analysis and effectively screen out the key genes related to wax biosynthesis.

show abstract

“…In Simmondsia chinensis (jojoba), wax esters are accumulated as seed storage lipids, instead of triacylglycerols (Lassner et al, 1999). They are used to produce high-pressure lubricants and for other purposes in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, printing, and leather industries (Klypina & Hanson, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detailed characterization of the substrate specificity of mouse wax synthase.

Miklaszewska

Kawiński²,

Banaś³

2013

Acta Biochim Pol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Wax synthases are membrane-associated enzymes catalysing the esterification reaction between fatty acyl-CoA and a long chain fatty alcohol. In living organisms, wax esters function as storage materials or provide protection against harmful environmental influences. In industry, they are used as ingredients for the production of lubricants, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. Currently the biological sources of wax esters are limited to jojoba oil. In order to establish a large-scale production of desired wax esters in transgenic high-yielding oilseed plants, enzymes involved in wax esters synthesis from different biological resources should be characterized in detail taking into consideration their substrate specificity. Therefore, this study aims at determining the substrate specificity of one of such enzymes -the mouse wax synthase. The gene encoding this enzyme was expressed heterologously in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In the in vitro assays (using microsomal fraction from transgenic yeast), we evaluated the preferences of mouse wax synthase towards a set of combinations of 11 acyl-CoAs with 17 fatty alcohols. The highest activity was observed for 14:0-CoA, 12:0-CoA, and 16:0-CoA in combination with medium chain alcohols (up to 5.2, 3.4, and 3.3 nmol wax esters/min/mg microsomal protein, respectively). Unsaturated alcohols longer than 18°C were better utilized by the enzyme in comparison to the saturated ones. Combinations of all tested alcohols with 20:0-CoA, 22:1-CoA, or Ric-CoA were poorly utilized by the enzyme, and conjugated acyl-CoAs were not utilized at all. Apart from the wax synthase activity, mouse wax synthase also exhibited a very low acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase activity. However, it displayed neither acyl-CoA:monoacylglycerol acyltransferase, nor acyl-CoA:sterol acyltransferase activity.

show abstract

Arabidopsis thaliana wax synthase gene homologues show diverse expression patterns that suggest a specialized role for these genes in reproductive organs

Cited by 6 publications

References 32 publications

Heterologous Expression and Characterization of Plant Wax Ester Producing Enzymes

Heterologous Expression and Characterization of Plant Wax Ester Producing Enzymes

Identification of the Key Pathways and Genes Involved in the Wax Biosynthesis of the Chinese White Wax Scale Insect (Ericerus pela Chavannes) by Integrated Weighted Gene Coexpression Network Analysis

Detailed characterization of the substrate specificity of mouse wax synthase.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About