Arabinogalactan, Bifidobacterium longum, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii improve insulin resistance in high‐fat diet‐induced C57BL/6J mice

Abstract

The occurrence and development of insulin resistance (IR) are usually related to the change of gut microbiota. Our previous study showed that arabinogalactan (AG) could selectively increase the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium longum and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in in vitro fermentation. However, their effect on IR remains unclear. In the current study, we investigated the effects of AG, B. longum, F. prausnitzii and their combinations on insulin-resistant mice. Intake of AG and those two strains reduced the body weight, fat accumulation, and homeostasis model assessment of IR of the mice with IR, and decreased the level of serum glucose, insulin, and lipids. Meanwhile, they could alleviate the injury of the liver. Moreover, AG, B. longum, and F. prausnitzii regulated the production of short-chain fatty acids and elevated the abundance of gut probiotics such as Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, and Bifidobacterium. However, the effect of giving only AG or a single strain was weaker than the combination of AG, B. longum, and F. prausnitzii. Our study attempted to find a new way to prevent the development of type 2 diabetes in the early stage and provided evidence for new therapy against IR with a combination of prebiotics and two bacterial strains of gut origin.

Nuciferine ameliorates high‐fat diet‐induced disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism in obese mice based on the gut–liver axis

“…Nuciferine could decrease the relative abundance of the bacteria, which involved in lipid metabolism, to suppress lipid accumulation. Lachnospiraceae and Helicobacter were decreased in the nuciferine administration group, and their decrease in vivo improved liver functions and could further promote glucose metabolism (He et al, 2022;Sun & O'Riordan, 2013).…”

“…Nuciferine could decrease the relative abundance of the bacteria, which involved in lipid metabolism, to suppress lipid accumulation. Lachnospiraceae and Helicobacter were decreased in the nuciferine administration group, and their decrease in vivo improved liver functions and could further promote glucose metabolism (He et al., 2022; Sun & O'Riordan, 2013). Thus, these results suggest that nuciferine increased the abundance and diversity of intestinal flora, enhanced intestinal homeostasis, and improved systemic inflammation and disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism.…”

Neuroprotective effects of nuciferine on high‐fat diet‐induced cognitive dysfunction in obese mice: Role of insulin resistance, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress

“…During the development of obesity, inflammation occurs in various tissues, including the brain, as increased inflammatory polarization lead to impaired insulin signaling pathways (He et al., 2022; Kothari et al., 2017; Wu & Ballantyne, 2020). In the present experiments, we found that nuciferine significantly improved brain IRS/PI3K/Akt insulin signaling pathway.…”

Supplementation with honeysuckle extract improves growth performance, immune performance, gut morphology, and cecal microbes in geese

“…F. prausnitzii is an acetate consumer that produces butyrate and bioactive anti-inflammatory molecules such as shikimic and salicylic acids. It improves intestinal inflammation ( 37 , 38 ) and insulin resistance ( 39 ). Late weaning is associated with increased microbial diversity and the abundance of F. prausnitzii in the fecal microbiota of piglets ( 40 ).…”