Arabinogalactan proteins improve plant regeneration in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) anther culture

Makowska, Katarzyna; Kaluzniak, M.; Oleszczuk, Sylwia; Zimny, J.; Czaplicki, Andrzej; Konieczny, Robert

doi:10.1007/s11240-017-1280-x

Cited by 26 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Considering that the highest levels of JIM13 epitopes are specifically found in totipotent cells such as in vivo microspores, generative cells and in vitro just induced embryogenic microspores and early globular embryos (Figure 2), but not in differentiated cells of in vivo pollen grains, in vitro pollen-like grains or maturing MDEs, it seems clear that the presence of AGPs containing JIM13 epitopes is tightly associated to totipotency and proliferation. This is consistent with a large number of studies on different species that attribute AGPs in general, and JIM13 in particular, a role in the promotion of zygotic (Pennell et al, 1991; Paire et al, 2003; Qin and Zhao, 2007), somatic (Pereira-Netto et al, 2007) and microspore embryogenesis (Borderies et al, 2004; Tang et al, 2006), and relate the exogenous application of AGPs to increased embryogenic competence of somatic cells (Feher et al, 2003) and microspores (Paire et al, 2003; Letarte et al, 2006; Corral-Martínez and Seguí-Simarro, 2014; Makowska et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Dynamic Changes in Arabinogalactan-Protein, Pectin, Xyloglucan and Xylan Composition of the Cell Wall During Microspore Embryogenesis in Brassica napus

2019

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Microspore embryogenesis is a manifestation of plant cell totipotency whereby new cell walls are formed as a consequence of the embryogenic switch. In particular, the callose-rich subintinal layer created immediately upon induction of embryogenesis was recently related to protection against stress. However, little is currently known about the functional significance of other compositional changes undergone by the walls of embryogenic microspores. We characterized these changes in Brassica napus at different stages during induction of embryogenic microspores and development of microspore-derived embryos (MDEs) by using a series of monoclonal antibodies specific for cell wall components, including arabinogalactan-proteins (AGPs), pectins, xyloglucan and xylan. We used JIM13, JIM8, JIM14 and JIM16 for AGPs, CCRC-M13, LM5, LM6, JIM7, JIM5 and LM7 for pectins, CCRC-M1 and LM15 for xyloglucan, and LM11 for xylan. By transmission electron microscopy and quantification of immunogold labeling on high-pressure frozen, freeze-substituted samples, we profiled the changes in cell wall ultrastructure and composition at the different stages of microspore embryogenesis. As a reference to compare with, we also studied in vivo microspores and maturing pollen grains. We showed that the cell wall of embryogenic microspores is a highly dynamic structure whose architecture, arrangement and composition changes dramatically as microspores undergo embryogenesis and then transform into MDEs. Upon induction, the composition of the preexisting microspore intine walls is remodeled, and unusual walls with a unique structure and composition are formed. Changes in AGP composition were related to developmental fate. In particular, AGPs containing the JIM13 epitope were massively excreted into the cell apoplast, and appeared associated to cell totipotency. According to the ultrastructure and the pectin and xyloglucan composition of these walls, we deduced that commitment to embryogenesis induces the formation of fragile, plastic and deformable cell walls, which allow for cell expansion and microspore growth. We also showed that these special walls are transient, since cell wall composition in microspore-derived embryos was completely different. Thus, once adopted the embryogenic developmental pathway and far from the effects of heat shock exposure, cell wall biosynthesis would approach the structure, composition and properties of conventional cell walls.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Dynamic Changes in Arabinogalactan-Protein, Pectin, Xyloglucan and Xylan Composition of the Cell Wall During Microspore Embryogenesis in Brassica napus

2019

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“…Copper ions at the physiological level are crucial for growth and plant survival [ 15 ]. A somewhat elevated level of copper ions in induction or regeneration media may positively influence somatic embryogenesis [ 16 , 17 ] or androgenesis [ 18 ]. However, overstepping bounds of toxic doses may imbalance the chloroplast redox state altering photosynthesis [ 19 – 21 ], and inducing oxidative stress [ 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barley somatic embryogenesis-an attempt to modify variation induced in tissue culture

Orłowska

2021

J of Biol Res-Thessaloniki

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Background Somatic embryogenesis is a phenomenon carried out in an environment that generates abiotic stress. Thus, regenerants may differ from the source of explants at the morphological, genetic, and epigenetic levels. The DNA changes may be the outcome of induction media ingredients (i.e., copper and silver ions) and their concentrations and time of in vitro cultures. Results This study optimised the level of copper and silver ion concentration in culture media parallel with the induction medium longevity step towards obtaining barley regenerants via somatic embryogenesis with a minimum or maximum level of tissue culture-induced differences between the donor plant and its regenerants. The optimisation process is based on tissue culture-induced variation evaluated via the metAFLP approach for regenerants derived under varying in vitro tissue culture conditions and exploited by the Taguchi method. In the optimisation and verification experiments, various copper and silver ion concentrations and the different number of days differentiated the tested trials concerning the tissue culture-induced variation level, DNA demethylation, and de novo methylation, including symmetric (CG, CHG) and asymmetric (CHH) DNA sequence contexts. Verification of optimised conditions towards obtaining regenerants with minimum and maximum variability compared to donor plants proved useful. The main changes that discriminate optimised conditions belonged to DNA demethylation events with particular stress on CHG context. Conclusions The combination of tissue culture-induced variation evaluated for eight experimental trials and implementation of the Taguchi method allowed the optimisation of the in vitro tissue culture conditions towards the minimum and maximum differences between a source of tissue explants (donor plant) and its regenerants from somatic embryos. The tissue culture-induced variation characteristic is mostly affected by demethylation with preferences towards CHG sequence context.

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“…Tillers with anthers containing the majority of microspores at the mid-and late-uninucleate stage were collected and surface-sterilized in 70% ethanol for 1 min and then in 10% sodium hypochlorite for 20 min. Anthers were excised under sterile conditions and located in 3M mannitol solution with 2.5 mg L − 1 CuSO 4 × 5H 2 O [124] for 5 days in 4 • C as pretreatment conditions [125]. After pretreatment, anthers were transferred onto solid induction medium KBP with 0.9 mg L −1 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) [126] with modification [127].…”

Section: Plant Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Androgenic-Induced Transposable Elements Dependent Sequence Variation in Barley

Orłowska¹,

Pachota²,

Dynkowska³

et al. 2021

IJMS

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A plant genome usually encompasses different families of transposable elements (TEs) that may constitute up to 85% of nuclear DNA. Under stressful conditions, some of them may activate, leading to sequence variation. In vitro plant regeneration may induce either phenotypic or genetic and epigenetic changes. While DNA methylation alternations might be related, i.e., to the Yang cycle problems, DNA pattern changes, especially DNA demethylation, may activate TEs that could result in point mutations in DNA sequence changes. Thus, TEs have the highest input into sequence variation (SV). A set of barley regenerants were derived via in vitro anther culture. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC), used to study the global DNA methylation of donor plants and their regenerants, showed that the level of DNA methylation increased in regenerants by 1.45% compared to the donors. The Methyl-Sensitive Transposon Display (MSTD) based on methylation-sensitive Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (metAFLP) approach demonstrated that, depending on the selected elements belonging to the TEs family analyzed, varying levels of sequence variation were evaluated. DNA sequence contexts may have a different impact on SV generated by distinct mobile elements belonged to various TE families. Based on the presented study, some of the selected mobile elements contribute differently to TE-related SV. The surrounding context of the TEs DNA sequence is possibly important here, and the study explained some part of SV related to those contexts.

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Arabinogalactan proteins improve plant regeneration in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) anther culture

Cited by 26 publications

References 64 publications

Dynamic Changes in Arabinogalactan-Protein, Pectin, Xyloglucan and Xylan Composition of the Cell Wall During Microspore Embryogenesis in Brassica napus

Dynamic Changes in Arabinogalactan-Protein, Pectin, Xyloglucan and Xylan Composition of the Cell Wall During Microspore Embryogenesis in Brassica napus

Barley somatic embryogenesis-an attempt to modify variation induced in tissue culture

Androgenic-Induced Transposable Elements Dependent Sequence Variation in Barley

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