Arachnoid granulations and spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea: Role of imaging

Mafee, Mahmood F.; Bradley, William G.; Almutairi, Abdulrahman; Zawaideh, Mazen; Patel, Kunal

doi:10.1016/j.otot.2013.11.010

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The volumetric process of encephalization is strictly connected to an increase in the complexity of the cortical centers and correlated to an adequate circulatory system dependent on the balance between venous and ventricular pressure (Supplementary Text 9; 12). The ontogenesis of brain tissue is linked to the meningeal system, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) appears to have a primary role in brain development and, according to recent data 8,9 , also in the regulation of cerebral interstitial fluid homeostasis and neuronal functioning 33 (Supplementary Text 10). In particular, a spatial organization of the glymphatic outflow and its connection to the dural lymphatic system has been demonstrated 8 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

At the origin of Neanderthals and modern humans - Cerebral complexity and encephalization

Rubini¹,

Tuniz

Bernardini

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The increase of brain dimensions and complexity has characterized the evolution of the genus Homo. According to the available fossil and genetic evidence, a crucial stage came before the divergence of Neanderthals, Denisovans and Homo sapiens, during the Middle Pleistocene. We consider a specimen of about 400 ka, whose phenotype is at the roots of this divergence: Ceprano calvarium (Italy). Here, we show a derived cerebrovascular organization with a mosaic of modern human and primitive features characteristics. Computed microtomography shows vascular variation and ontogenetic defects associated with ventricular and lymphatic involvement while phylogenetic analyzes highlight a dysregulation of the Tet1 gene that shows an accelerated mutation rate between 1.2 Ma and 466 ka, in contrast with the expected neutral evolution of the human genome. These results shed light on the dynamics of cranio-cerebral growth during the encephalization process and on the cerebral vascular and lymphatic system involved in this process. The results of this study could have implications for the research of many of the diseases of the central nervous system that have become predominant in an increasingly structured and long-lived brain system such as that of modern Homo sapiens. One-Sentence Summary: Genetic mutation, anatomical variations and glymphatic system in the process of encephalization towards Homo sapiens.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

At the origin of Neanderthals and modern humans - Cerebral complexity and encephalization

Rubini¹,

Tuniz

Bernardini

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A careful review of the inner ear structures is critical to identify any dysplasia that may indicate a risk for perilymph gusher at the time of stapedectomy [56]. Finally, a rare but important anatomic variant is a persistent periotic tympanomeningo fissure (Hyrtl's fissure), which can cause conductive hearing loss and is a potential route for perilymphatic congenital fistula and CSF otorrhea [57,58]. On CT, the tympanomeningo fissure can be seen inferior to the cochlear aqueduct.…”

Section: Pre-surgical Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Radiologic Imaging in Otosclerosis

Manning

Shroads

Bykowski

et al. 2022

Curr Otorhinolaryngol Rep

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose of Review To review the role of imaging in otosclerosis with an emphasis on pre- and post-operative imaging evaluation. Recent Findings Pre-operative CT imaging can help define the extent of bone involvement in otosclerosis and may help avoid surgical complications due to variant anatomy or unsuspected alternative causes of conductive hearing loss. In patients with recurrent hearing loss after surgery, CT imaging can clarify prosthesis position and re-assess anatomy. Summary CT imaging complements otologic exam and audiometry findings in patients with suspected otosclerosis, for pre-operative planning, and post-operative assessment for patients with recurrent symptoms.

show abstract

Impact of Obesity and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Lateral Skull Base Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak Repair

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence and impact of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and obesity in lateral skull base cerebrospinal fluid leak repair (LSBR) of various etiologies.MethodsRetrospective case review at a tertiary skull base center was conducted of consecutive adults undergoing LSBR via transmastoid, middle cranial fossa, or combined approach between 2013–2018. The following data were collected: demographics, comorbidities, radiology and intraoperative findings, and surgical outcomes including complications and need for revision surgery or shunt placement. Patients with incomplete data or leaks following skull base surgery, trauma or chronic ear disease were excluded.ResultsNinety‐four patients (67.4% female, mean age 53.5 ± 12.9 years) underwent repair forspontaneous (sCSFL, 44%) and other etiology (nsCSFL) leaks. nsCSFL served as a comparisongroup consisting of leaks status‐post lateral skull base surgery, temporal bone fractures, andchronic ear disease. Class III obesity (P = .02), OSA (P = .03), and imaging findings of empty sella (OR = 3.32, P = .02), and skull base thinning including contralateral tegmen thinning (31%, OR = 4.3, P = .02), arachnoid granulations (26%, OR = 4.35, P = .02), and superior canal dehiscence (15.8%, OR = 8.57, P = .04) were more common in sCSFL. Four patients (4.2%) required surgical revision for recurrence, and another four (4.2%) resolved with shunting. Evidence of elevated intracranial hypertension was present in nine patients with sCSF leaks and was predictive of need for revision or shunt procedures (P < .01).ConclusionObesity, OSA, and imaging consistent with elevated intracranial pressures were more common among patients with sCSFL. Elevated intracranial pressure predicted outcomes following multilayer repair of spontaneous CSF leaksLevel of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 130:2234–2240, 2020

show abstract

Arachnoid granulations and spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea: Role of imaging

Cited by 6 publications

References 26 publications

At the origin of Neanderthals and modern humans - Cerebral complexity and encephalization

At the origin of Neanderthals and modern humans - Cerebral complexity and encephalization

Role of Radiologic Imaging in Otosclerosis

Impact of Obesity and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Lateral Skull Base Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak Repair

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About