Aragonite in olivine from Calatrava, Spain—Evidence for mantle carbonatite melts from &gt;100 km depth

Humphreys, E. R.; Bailey, K.; Hawkesworth, Chris J.; Wall, Frances; Najorka, Jens; Rankin, A. H.

doi:10.1130/g31199.1

Cited by 42 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Carbon dioxide is the major volatile phase in carbonatites and melilitites where concentric-shelled lapilli have been reported (Junqueria-Brod et al, 1999;. Low viscosity, high temperature, ultramafic carbonate-rich magma needs rapid ascent to erupt both silicate liquid and mantle xenoliths from the asthenospheric depths (Humphreys et al, 2010). A conduit flow mechanism is sufficient; diapiric ascent and melt percolation are too slow (Anderson, 1979;Spera, 1987).…”

Section: Role Of Comentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrovolcanic vs Magmatic Processes in Forming Maars and Associated Pyroclasts: The Calatrava -Spain- Case History

Stoppa¹,

Rosatelli²,

Schiazza³

et al. 2012

Updates in Volcanology - A Comprehensive Approach to Volcanological Problems

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Section: Role Of Comentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1) is associated with lava flows of olivine leucite melilitite (Humphreys et al, 2010). The vent area shows two necks having columnar jointing; the largest neck is located north and represents the highest point of the volcano at 840 m a.s.l..…”

Section: Scoria Cones and Lava Flowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrovolcanic vs Magmatic Processes in Forming Maars and Associated Pyroclasts: The Calatrava -Spain- Case History

Stoppa¹,

Rosatelli²,

Schiazza³

et al. 2012

Updates in Volcanology - A Comprehensive Approach to Volcanological Problems

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“…An alternative hypothesis to explain the intraplate volcanism that occurred in the CVP could be to adopt the existence of a small plume beneath the CVP (Humphreys et al, 2010; a similar way by building a very smooth ENE-WSW-oriented crustal antiform (with a hinge zone centered on the CVP), though we have no constraints in this case. Independently of an almost flat or very gently-folded Moho geometry, all models need the existence of a sub-crustal anomalous lowdensity block with tabular-like geometry beneath the CVP.…”

Section: Baby-plume Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is magmatic underplating into the "void" space generated into the lower crust. C) Baby-plume hypothesis (Humphreys et al, 2010). Lithosphere thinning beneath the CVP, but no crustal thinning.…”

Section: Sub-crustal Anomalous Blockmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, a generalized NW−SE-oriented compressive tectonic regime during the Cenozoic, as well as regional physiographic and tectonic analysis, has been argued for a flexural model of the crust and lithosphere being responsible for the foreland setting of the CVP (Vegas and Rincón-Calero, 1996). More recently, on the basis of evidence for its deep-seated origin (Humphreys et al, 2010), it has been linked to the existence of a hot finger (or baby-plume) detached from an active megaplume below the Canary and Azores Islands and the western Mediterranean Sea (Stoppa et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gravity modeling of the lithosphere in the Calatrava Volcanic Province (Spain): geodynamic implications.

Granja-Bruña

Vegas²,

Domingo

et al. 2015

Journal of Iberian Geology

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(M.A.S.D.); amunoz@ucm.es (A.M.M.); ssainz-maza@fomento.es (S.S.M.A)Received: 12 January 2015 / Accepted: 5 July 2015 / Available online: 20 July 2015 AbstractThe origin of the intraplate volcanism in the Calatrava Volcanic Province (CVP) is controversial. On the basis of its geochemical signature, it has been ascribed to an "aborted" rift, implying lithospheric thinning. However, the volcanism occurred during the generalized Cenozoic NW−SE-oriented compressive tectonic regime. On the other hand, on the basis of evidence for its deep-seated origin, it has been linked to the existence of a baby-plume detached from an active megaplume below the Canary-Azores Islands and the western Mediterranean. In order to understand better the aforementioned geodynamic scenarios for the origin of the CVP, we address here the study of the lithosphere in the CVP and its vicinity by means of gravity analysis and 2+1/2D modeling. Gravity modeling results do not support the rifting model adopted for the intraplate volcanism occurred in the CVP because the crust shows a quasi-constant thickness. Density models suggest the existence of a sub-crustal, anomalous low-density block that could be underplated magmatic material at the base of the crust, suggesting that only a minor part of it intruded up into the crust and erupted. The localized magmatism of the CVP can be related to the combination of two factors: active, the gentle folding of the Iberian lithosphere and associated uplifting of the Variscan basement due to the NW-directed transmission of compressive stresses in the upper plate yielded by the subduction/collision in the south Iberian margin. The formation of the lithospheric folding in the Calatrava region results in a decrease of the pressure beneath the swell of the antiform that is likely to bring about basaltic magmatism below the swell; and one passive, the existence of a Variscan right-lateral shear band, which yields a weakened crust that facilitates the ascent of the magmatic materials. The relatively small volume, but large extension, of the volcanic outcrops could be associated with the preferential ascent of the magmas along the weakened crust of this NW−SE-trending Variscan shear band.Keywords: Calatrava, intraplate volcanism, gravity modeling, lithosphere structure, upward continuation Resumen El origen del volcanismo intraplaca en la Provincia Volcánica de Calatrava (CVP) es controvertido. En base a su signatura geoquímica se ha atribuido a la formación de un rift "abortado", implicando un adelgazamiento litosférico. Sin embargo, el volcanismo se desarrolló durante un régimen tectónico compresivo orientado NW-SE que fue generalizado en la región de Calatrava durante el Cenozoico. Por otro lado, en base a las evidencias de su origen profundo, se le ha relacionado con la existencia de una mini-pluma desconectada de una mega-pluma activa debajo de los archipiélagos de Canarias y Azores, y en el Mediterráneo occidental. Con el propósito de contribuir a la discriminación entre los escenarios geodinámicos mencionados...

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Finite‐frequency Rayleigh wave tomography of the western Mediterranean: Mapping its lithospheric structure

Palomeras

Thurner

Levander

et al. 2014

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

105

148

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[1] We present a 3-D shear wave velocity model for the crust and upper mantle of the western Mediterranean from Rayleigh wave tomography. We analyzed the fundamental mode in the 20-167 s period band (6.0-50.0 mHz) from earthquakes recorded by a number of temporary and permanent seismograph arrays. Using the two-plane wave method, we obtained phase velocity dispersion curves that were inverted for an isotropic Vs model that extends from the southern Iberian Massif, across the Gibraltar Arc and the Atlas mountains to the Saharan Craton. The area of the western Mediterranean that we have studied has been the site of complex subduction, slab rollback, and simultaneous compression and extension during African-European convergence since the Oligocene. The shear velocity model shows high velocities beneath the Rif from 65 km depth and beneath the Granada Basin from 70 km depth that extend beneath the Alboran Domain to more than 250 km depth, which we interpret as a near-vertical slab dangling from beneath the western Alboran Sea. The slab appears to be attached to the crust beneath the Rif and possibly beneath the Granada Basin and Sierra Nevada where low shear velocities (3.8 km/s) are mapped to >55 km depth. The attached slab is pulling down the Gibraltar Arc crust, thickening it, and removing the continental margin lithospheric mantle beneath both Iberia and Morocco as it descends into the deeper mantle. Thin lithosphere is indicated by very low upper mantle velocities beneath the Alboran Sea, above and east of the dangling slab and beneath the Cenozoic volcanics.

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Aragonite in olivine from Calatrava, Spain—Evidence for mantle carbonatite melts from >100 km depth

Cited by 42 publications

References 30 publications

Hydrovolcanic vs Magmatic Processes in Forming Maars and Associated Pyroclasts: The Calatrava -Spain- Case History

Hydrovolcanic vs Magmatic Processes in Forming Maars and Associated Pyroclasts: The Calatrava -Spain- Case History

Gravity modeling of the lithosphere in the Calatrava Volcanic Province (Spain): geodynamic implications.

Finite‐frequency Rayleigh wave tomography of the western Mediterranean: Mapping its lithospheric structure

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