“…So far, numerous photonic signal processors have been proposed based on either discrete components or photonic integrated circuits [8,9,10,11,7,12,13,14,15,16,17,18]. Photonic signal processors based on discrete components, such as fiber-bragg-grating [3,17,18], usually have good programming abilities but are bulkier and less power efficient, whereas a photonic integrated signal processor has a much smaller footprint and a higher power efficiency.…”