Arboviruses and the eye

Andrade, Gabriel Costa de; Ventura, Camila V.; Filho, Paulo Augusto de Arruda Mello; Maia, Maurício; Vianello, Silvana; Rodrigues, Eduardo Büchele

doi:10.1186/s40942-016-0057-4

Cited by 43 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Although eyes are sequestered from the systemic circulation, numerous viruses, among them arboviruses can still reach this organ and cause inflammation and pathologies [50]. Several flaviviruses, including DENV, ZIKV and WNV, have been described as triggering ophthalmic damage, including retinopathy [51]. Using a RT-qPCR approach, we observed that USUV could replicate in the eyes of neonatal mice (4x10 4 TCID50 eq per g, Fig 2B) and Ifnar -/infected mice (10 5 TCID50 eq per g).…”

Section: Usuv Induces Inflammatory Responses In the Eye And Efficientmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It thus represents a powerful tool to study the pathophysiology of the RPE. Anatomically and developmentally, the eyes are known as an extension of the CNS and are proposed to act as a reservoir of viral replication; moreover RPE are known to be targeted by numerous pathogens including arboviruses, such as DENV, ZIKV and WNV, leading to major ophthalmological damage [50,51,56,76]. Numerous studies have shown the critical role of immune cells in retinal disease, and neuroinflammation is an important aspect of many diseases of the eye.…”

Section: Plos Neglected Tropical Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of Usutu virus neuropathogenicity in mice and human cellular models

et al. 2020

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Usutu virus (USUV), an African mosquito-borne flavivirus closely related to West Nile virus, was first isolated in South Africa in 1959. USUV emerged in Europe two decades ago, causing notably massive mortality in Eurasian blackbirds. USUV is attracting increasing attention due to its potential for emergence and its rapid spread in Europe in recent years. Although mainly asymptomatic or responsible for mild clinical signs, USUV was recently described as being associated with neurological disorders in humans such as encephalitis and meningoencephalitis, highlighting the potential health threat posed by the virus. Despite this, USUV pathogenesis remains largely unexplored. The aim of this study was to evaluate USUV neuropathogenicity using in vivo and in vitro approaches. Our results indicate that USUV efficiently replicates in the murine central nervous system. Replication in the spinal cord and brain is associated with recruitment of inflammatory cells and the release of inflammatory molecules as well as induction of antiviral-responses without major modulation of bloodbrain barrier integrity. Endothelial cells integrity is also maintained in a human model of the blood-brain barrier despite USUV replication and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, USUV-inoculated mice developed major ocular defects associated with inflammation. Moreover, USUV efficiently replicates in human retinal pigment epithelium. Our results will help to better characterize the physiopathology related to USUV infection in order to anticipate the potential threat of USUV emergence.

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Section: Usuv Induces Inflammatory Responses In the Eye And Efficientmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Plos Neglected Tropical Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Usutu virus neuropathogenicity in mice and human cellular models

et al. 2020

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“…It is very important that more extensive studies be carried out on the diagnosis and pathogenesis of arboviruses as some of them namely DFV, Zika virus and CHIKV infections have shown ocular manifestations which can be present at the time of fever or may manifest after many weeks. Anterior uveitis, optic neuritis and retinitis are the most common manifestations during the acute infection of these infections (de Andrade et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Chikungunya and West Nile viruses in febrile patients in Ile-Ife Osun State, Nigeria using real time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)

Adesina¹,

Japhet²,

Omilabu³

2017

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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Most patients presenting with febrile conditions are often treated for malaria, especially in the developing world, whereas some of them may be of arboviral origin as they also present with similar symptoms. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) has been found to be the method of choice for the early detection and confirmation of virus in clinical samples, especially where there is an overlap of symptoms. The objective of this study was to detect the involvement of some arboviruses in febrile conditions in humans visiting two health institutions in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Consenting febrile patients numbering one hundred and sixty five that were to be screened for malaria parasites at the hospitals were recruited for the study. From each patient, 2 ml venous blood was collected and processed for RNA extraction using QiAmp RNA Extraction kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) and amplified using one step RT-PCR and appropriate primers for West Nile, Chikungunya, Dengue and Rift valley fever viruses. The detection was done in 2% agarose gel electrophoresis and viewed using a gel imager. The study reports the detection of West Nile RNA in 6 (3.6%) patients and Chikungunya RNA in 3 (1.8%) out of the 165 serum samples which have been pre-screened for malaria parasite by the hospital where the samples were collected from. Rift valley fever virus RNA and Dengue virus RNA were not detected in any of the samples. Out of the malaria parasite negative patients, 3 tested positive for the West Nile RNA and 1 showed detectable Chikungunya virus RNA, thus suggesting the role of these arboviruses in febrile conditions, first to be reported in Osun state, Nigeria. The involvement of viruses in febrile conditions as shown by this study has buttressed the need to extend laboratory examination of febrile conditions beyond malaria parasite to some of these arboviruses whose vectors are abundant and extending geographical coverage.

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“…Ophthalmic presentations in arboviral infections in general are not common 10 . Intraocular involvement during WNV infection was fi rst described in 2003.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%