Arbuscular mycorrhiza differentially affects synthesis of essential oils in coriander and dill

Abstract

Research on the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in the synthesis of essential oils (EOs) by aromatic plants has seldom been conducted in field-relevant conditions, and then, only limited spectra of EO constituents have been analyzed. The effect was investigated of inoculation with AMF on the synthesis of a wide range of EO in two aromatic species, coriander (Coriandrum sativum) and dill (Anethum graveolens), in a garden experiment under outdoor conditions. Plants were grown in 4-l pots filled with soil, which was either γ-irradiated (eliminating native AMF) or left non-sterile (containing native AMF), and inoculated or not with an isolate of Rhizophagus irregularis. AMF inoculation significantly stimulated EO synthesis in both plant species. EO synthesis (total EO and several individual constituents) was increased in dill in all mycorrhizal treatments (containing native and/or inoculated AMF) compared to non-mycorrhizal plants. In contrast, EO concentrations in coriander (total EO and most constituents) were increased only in the treatment combining both inoculated and native AMF. A clear positive effect of AMF on EO synthesis was found for both aromatic plants, which was, however, specific for each plant species and modified by the pool of AMF present in the soil.

Terpenoids in plant and arbuscular mycorrhiza-reinforced defence against herbivorous insects

“…Increased foliar biomass in AM plants results in greater photosynthetic capacity and thus increased production of total photosynthates required for terpenoid biosynthesis (Niinemets et al, 2002;Cao et al, 2008;Hofmeyer et al, 2010). However, P nutrition alone fails to explain terpenoid accumulation in AM fungus-colonized plants (Copetta et al, 2006;Khaosaad et al, 2006;Rydlov a et al, 2016). This is not unanticipated, assuming that the biosynthesis of isoprene precursors is regulated by complex mechanisms, some of them independent of P nutrition (Kirby and Keasling, 2009;Vranova et al, 2012;Kumari et al, 2013).…”

“…Arbuscular mycorrhiza fungal colonization has been shown to enhance the production of triterpenoids (Akiyama and Hayashi, 2002), apocarotenoids (Klingner et al, 1995;Fester et al, 2002;Strack and Fester, 2006;Akiyama, 2007;Walter and Strack, 2011) and abscisic acid (Meixner et al, 2005) in roots of various plants. Systemic effects of AM on the quantity and quality of terpenoids in above-ground parts of plants have also been mooted (Kapoor et al, 2002a, b;Copetta et al, 2006;Khaosaad et al, 2006;Kapoor et al, 2007;Zubek et al, 2010;Weisany et al, 2015;Rydlov a et al, 2016). These studies have so far been largely confined to the effects of AM on individual components of terpenoids or a suite of terpenoids (essential oil composition) that have pharmaceutical value.…”

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi altered the hypericin, pseudohypericin, and hyperforin content in flowers of Hypericum perforatum grown under contrasting P availability in a highly organic substrate

“…Rydlová et al 2016;Varela-Cervero et al 2016) in which the most important active compounds are liposoluble, whereas few studies have been performed on other MAPs bearing hydrosoluble active ingredients (a.i.) or on other plant taxa (Kapoor et al 2004;Liu et al 2007;Jurkiewicz et al 2010;Zubek et al 2012).…”

Yield, Essential Oil and Quality Performances of Artemisia dracunculus, Hyssopus officinalis and Lavandula angustifolia as Affected by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi under Organic Management

“…Yield and essential oil composition of Calamintha nepeta were shown to be greatly affected by inoculation with different AMF strains [20]. Arbuscular mycorrhizae differentially affect the quality and quantity of essential oils in coriander and dill [21].…”