Arbuscular mycorrhizal and dark septate endophyte fungal associations in South Indian grasses

Abstract

Abstracts We examined arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and dark septate endophyte (DSE) fungal association in 50 south Indian grasses from four different sites. AM fungal diversity was also compared among the different sites. Forty-four of the 50 grasses examined had AM association and dual association with DSE fungi occurred in 25 grasses. We report for the first time AM and DSE fungal status in 23 and 27 grasses respectively. Arum-type AM morphology was the dominant occurring in 21 grasses with typical Paris-type colonization occurring in 6 grasses. AM morphology is reported for the first time in 35 grasses. Over the different sites, spore density in the soil ranged from 5-22 per 100 g air-dried soil. Spores of 11 AM fungal taxa were isolated from the soil samples of grasses of which nine belonged to Glomus, one to Acaulospora and one to Scutellospora. No significant relationship existed between AM fungal colonization and spore numbers. Species richness was high in site II and Glomus aggregatum, Glomus viscosum and Glomus mosseae were most frequent species at different sites. Overall species diversity indices (Simpson index, Shannon-Weaver index, species equitability index) differed significantly between sites.

Mycorrhizal and septate endophytic fungal associations in gymnosperms of southern India

“…Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spore diversity in tropical soils is usually dominated by Glomus sp., as observed in the present and other studies (Ragupathy & Mahadevan 1993;Muthukumar et al 2003;Sathiyadash et al 2010). This could be an adaptive feature of Glomus to thrive in low fertile and highly stressed tropical soils (Muthukumar & Udaiyan 2002).…”

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associations of vascular plants confined to river valleys: towards understanding the river corridor plant distribution

“… a River corridor-specificity indexes estimating confinement of the particular species to river corridors in Poland according to Nobis and Skórka ( 2014 ) b AM status and AM morphotype previously reported in the studied species ( S ), genera ( G ) and families ( F ) according to the checklists: 1 Wang and Qiu ( 2006 ), 2 Dickson et al ( 2007 ), and the reports published thereafter or not included in the checklists: 3 Sathiyadash et al ( 2010 ), 4 Shah et al ( 2009 ), 5 Muthukumar and Prakash ( 2009 ), 6 Weishampel and Bedfor ( 2006 ), 7 Zubek and Błaszkowski ( 2009 ), 8 Zubek et al ( 2008 ), 9 Zubek et al ( 2011a ), 10 Zubek et al ( 2011b ), 11 Zubek et al ( 2012 ). AM arbuscular mycorrhiza reported without information on AM morphotype, NM non-mycorrhizal, NS not surveyed, A Arum -type, P Paris -type, I intermediate type.…”

SSR Markers for Trichoderma virens: Their Evaluation and Application to Identify and Quantify Root-Endophytic Strains

“…This revealed that both strains are able to simultaneously enter root tissue of a single plant and suggests that neither interdependent inhibition among the two fungi [60] nor effective defense reactions, enhanced local resistance possibly mediated by H2O2, nor reactive oxygen species occur from the host plant [61]. Up-to-date studies on co-colonization of plant roots are restricted to reports about dual colonization by different fungal species or by fungal and bacterial species, e.g., dark septate endophyte (DSE) fungi and ectomycorrhizal fungi in trees [62], DSE fungi and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in Medicago sativa L. [63], Piriformospora indica and Trichoderma harzianum in Piper nigrum L. [64], AM and DSE fungi in grasses [65] and the fungus Acremonium strictum Gams and bacterium Acinetobacter sp. in the Asteraceae species [66].…”