Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in soils of arboreal Caatinga submitted to forest management

Abstract

ABSTRACT:The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) community presents a variable tolerance to changes in the medium, to which it responds modifying the number of propagules. For this reason, the study of the effect of different management practices on this community can help to understand the magnitude of the changes caused to the ecosystem. The objective of this study was to evaluate changes in the community of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the soil in an area of arboreal Caatinga submitted to forest management. The study was conducted in Contendas do Sincorá (BA). Three types of forest management (clear-cutting, selective logging based on diameter, and selective logging based on species) and one control area were evaluated. Soil samples were collected at 0-10 cm depth in two periods (five and 10 months after management). AMF spores were present in low density (< 1 spore g -1 soil), dry and non-viable, and were generally more abundant in managed areas. Fewer species were observed in the control area. The AMF community showed to be related to the attributes of the soil and sensitive to management practices, demonstrating greater impact under clear cut management.Key words: AMF community; spore diversity; indicator of sustainability Fungos micorrízicos arbusculares em solo sob Caatinga arbórea submetida a manejo florestal RESUMO: A comunidade de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMA) apresenta diferentes tolerâncias a alterações no meio, respondendo a estas mudanças com modificações no seu número de propágulos. Por essa razão, o estudo do efeito de diferentes práticas de manejo sobre esta comunidade pode auxiliar no entendimento da magnitude das alterações ocasionadas no ecossistema. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar mudanças na comunidade de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares do solo em área de Caatinga arbórea submetida a manejo florestal. O estudo foi realizado em Contendas do Sincorá (BA). Foram avaliados três tipos de manejo florestal (corte raso, corte seletivo por diâmetro e corte seletivo por espécie) e uma área testemunha. As amostras de solo foram coletadas na profundidade de 0-10 cm, em dois períodos (cinco e 10 meses após a execução do manejo). Os esporos de FMA apresentaram-se em baixa densidade (< 1 esporo g -1 de solo), secos e inviáveis e, geralmente, em maior quantidade nas áreas manejadas. Menor número de espécies foi observado na testemunha. A comunidade de FMA mostrou-se relacionada aos atributos do solo e sensível as práticas de manejo, demonstrando maior impacto do manejo corte raso.

Selecting logging, and old secondary vegetation conserve biodiversity and composition of bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in a community-based forestry in the Maya Forest

“…Kerfahi (2014) found that fungi β-diversity did not show differences between unlogged, once-logged, and twice-logged forests; however, they found a lower abundance of environmental fungal ITS sequences in a logged forest than in an unlogged forest. Similar results have been found in a tropical forest in Brazil with lower abundance and richness of glomerospores in selective logging compared with a natural forest used as a control, as well as a differential effect between diameter and selective logging (Pereira et al 2018). This reduction in abundance and richness might have a direct implication for tree recruitment and nutrient cycling (Kerfahi 2014).…”

Short-term effects of forest management on litter decomposition in Caatinga dry forest

“…It may be related to changes in the vegetation structure or the entry of crop residues, which would influence the performance of the decomposing community. In agreement with this hypothesis, Barreto-Garcia et al ( 2021), Matos et al (2019) and Pereira et al (2018) found that CC, compared to SCD and SCS, was the most impactful management for the microbial activity, edaphic macrofauna, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi community, respectively, causing a reduction in abundance and diversity.…”

Beneficial services of Glomalin and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal fungi in degraded soils in Brazil

“…Given the relevance of AMF and GRSP for the restoration of degraded soils, it is recommended that they are assessed in studies of anthropogenic impacts and monitoring programs (Islas et al, 2016;Silva et al, 2017;Pereira et al, 2018;Šarapatka et al, 2019). Since both AMF and GRSP have positive correlation with the main edaphic attributes used for soil quality assessments (Silva et al, 2017;Šarapatka et al, 2019); i.e., the greater the diversity of AMF species and the GRSP content, the better the soil quality (Silva et al, 2017;Pereira et al, 2018). Moreover, they are susceptible to land-use change (Silva Filho et al, 2018;Silva et al, 2016;Nogueira et al, 2016) and management practices (Islas et al, 2016).…”

“…Given the importance of GRSP as soil health components (Pereira et al, 2018;Silva Filho et al, 2018) research into this variable has been growing worldwide (Figure 3A and B). In Brazil, there was a peak in studies on this topic in 2012 and 2016, with a decrease in subsequent years.…”