Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi respond to the substrate pH of their extraradical mycelium by altered growth and root colonization

Aarle, Ingrid M. van; Olsson, Pål Axel; Söderström, Bengt

doi:10.1046/j.1469-8137.2002.00439.x

Cited by 165 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, although obligate plant symbionts, have extensive extra-radical mycelial networks that spread throughout the soil and it is likely that the effect of soil pH on mycelia produces strong selective pressures structuring AM fungal niche space (van Aarle et al, 2002). However, previous studies on soils with a smaller range of pH have suggested that host plant species is an important factor structuring AM fungal communities (Helgason et al, 2007).…”

Section: Environmental Niche Of Am Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative roles of niche and neutral processes in structuring a soil microbial community

Dumbrell

Nelson

Helgason

et al. 2009

ISME J

770

596

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Most attempts to identify the processes that structure natural communities have focused on conspicuous macroorganisms whereas the processes responsible for structuring microbial communities remain relatively unknown. Two main theories explaining these processes have emerged; niche theory, which highlights the importance of deterministic processes, and neutral theory, which focuses on stochastic processes. We examined whether neutral or niche-based mechanisms best explain the composition and structure of communities of a functionally important soil microbe, the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. Using molecular techniques, we surveyed AM fungi from 425 individual plants of 28 plant species along a soil pH gradient. There was evidence that both niche and neutral processes structured this community. Species abundances fitted the zerosum multinomial distribution and there was evidence of dispersal limitation, both indicators of neutral processes. However, we found stronger support that niche differentiation based on abiotic soil factors, primarily pH, was structuring the AM fungal community. Host plant species affected AM fungal community composition negligibly compared to soil pH. We conclude that although niche partitioning was the primary mechanism regulating the composition and diversity of natural AM fungal communities, these communities are also influenced by stochastic-neutral processes. This study represents one of the most comprehensive investigations of community-level processes acting on soil microbes; revealing a community that although influenced by stochastic processes, still responded in a predictable manner to a major abiotic niche axis, soil pH. The strong response to environmental factors of this community highlights the susceptibility of soil microbes to environmental change.

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Section: Environmental Niche Of Am Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative roles of niche and neutral processes in structuring a soil microbial community

Dumbrell

Nelson

Helgason

et al. 2009

ISME J

770

596

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“…LINGFEI et al (2005) found results similar to ours, where soil pH was found to be correlated with the extent of hyphal and arbuscular colonization in grasses. Colonization and extraradial mycelium formation by AMF are known to be altered by soil pH ( VAN AARLE et al 2002). COUGHLAN et al (2000) inferred that the tendency for colonization levels to increase with pH was due to the stimulation of the additional AMF taxa and/or a greater ability of the taxa present to colonize host roots.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arbuscular mycorrhizal and dark septate fungal associations in shallot (Allium cepa L. var. aggregatum) under conventional agriculture

Priyadharsini¹,

Pandey²,

Muthukumar³

2012

Acta Botanica Croatica

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-We examined roots of the shallot (Allium cepa L. var. aggregatum), one of the most popular cultivated crops of the family Aliaceae, cultivated under conventional agriculture for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) and dark septate fungal endophyte (DSE) associations. All the plants had dual colonization of both AMF and DSE associations. The intermediate-type AMF morphology in the shallot is the first report of this AMF type for the family Aliaceae. The extents of total AMF and DSE colonization ranged from 20.7 to 67.3% and 3.6 to 35.3% respectively and varied significantly among fields. Though no significant relationship existed between total AMF and DSE variables, they were correlated to the soil variables. Significant correlations existed between soil P and microscelerotia and also between soils N and K and AMF spore numbers. A total of six AMF spore morphotype belonging to Glomus and Scutellospora were identified. Scutellospora calospora was the most dominant morphotype in the studied fields.

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“…1). This decrease in the fungus colonization under salt stress may be due to a reduced germination of fungal spores (Van Aarle et al 2002, Al-Khaliel 2010.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Funneliformis mosseae on growth, mineral nutrition, biochemical indexes and chlorophyll content of Ziziphus spina-christi seedlings at different salinities

Mirzaei¹,

Mirzaei²,

Naji³

2016

iForest

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Vast area of the land around the world is saline. Knowledge of plant behavior and their interaction with mychorrizal fungi in saline areas may help seedling establishment in such environments. This study aimed to determine the effects of the inoculation of the fungus Funneliformis mosseae (FM) on Ziziphus spina-christi (Rhamnaceae) plants grown under salt stress. Mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal seedlings were exposed to different levels of NaCl in the soil (0, 50, 100, and 150 mM). The following parameters were measured in both inoculated and non-inoculated plants: root colonization rate, seedling height, root diameter, root and shoot dry weights, chlorophyll a and b, total nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and sodium (Na + ) content, proline accumulation in roots and leaves, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) activities. The results showed that soil salinity hampered the root colonization by the fungus, and decreased basal diameter, seedling height, root and shoot dry weights, as well as some nutrients and chlorophyll a concentration, while increased leaves and roots Na IntroductionSoil salinity is a chronic problem increasing worldwide, especially in arid and semiarid areas (Al-Karaki 2006). At least 6% of the global landmass is affected by salinity (FAO 2007). Three types of physiological stress affect plant growth in saline soils: (i) toxic effects of specific ions, such as sodium and chloride, on plant cells (Juniper & Abbott 1993); (ii) physiological drought in soil with low osmotic potential, due to the plant efforts to maintain a lower internal osmotic potential, thus preventing water egression from roots into the soil; and (iii) imbalances of the nutrient content caused by the decreased nutrient uptake and/or transport to the leaves (Adiku et al. 2001).To mitigate the effects of soil salt on plant growth, many strategies have been developed, including the use of seedlings with roots colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF -Wu et al. 2010, Yang et al. 2014. AMF have symbiotic relationship with the roots of over 80% of the terrestrial plant species, including halophytes, hydrophytes and xerophytes (Hejiden et al. 1998). Indeed, It has been demonstrated that AMF colonization increases the tolerance of some plants to salt (Tian et al. 2004). AMF are mutually symbiotic and provide a direct physical link between the soil and plant roots (Gaur & Adholeya 2004). AMF promotes salinity tolerance by increasing nutrient uptake (Evelin et al. 2012, Beltrano et al. 2013, improving rhizospheric and soil conditions (Asghari et al. 2005), increasing photosynthesis and water use efficiency (Hajiboland et al. 2010), the accumulation of compatible solutes (Evelin et al. 2012) and enzymatic antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) as a defense system to protect the plant cell from oxidative stress (Wu et al. 2010, Lu et al. 2014.Funneliformis mosseae (FM) is an arbuscular mycorrhiza used to alleviate salt stress in Arachis hypogaea (...

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi respond to the substrate pH of their extraradical mycelium by altered growth and root colonization

Cited by 165 publications

References 56 publications

Relative roles of niche and neutral processes in structuring a soil microbial community

Relative roles of niche and neutral processes in structuring a soil microbial community

Arbuscular mycorrhizal and dark septate fungal associations in shallot (Allium cepa L. var. aggregatum) under conventional agriculture

Effect of Funneliformis mosseae on growth, mineral nutrition, biochemical indexes and chlorophyll content of Ziziphus spina-christi seedlings at different salinities

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