Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis stimulates key genes of the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and stilbenoid production in grapevine leaves in response to downy mildew and grey mould infection

Bruisson, Sébastien; Maillot, Pascale; Schellenbaum, Paul; Walter, Bernard; Gindro, Katia; Deglène-Benbrahim, Laurence

doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2016.09.002

Cited by 73 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Taken as a whole, the experiments provide evidence that the microbiota, more than the chemicophysical soil features, has a crucial role in the elicitation of phenylpropanoid pathway, and that the AM fungus F. mosseae alone largely rescues the activation of this metabolism. Indeed, previous papers have reported that AM fungi activate different steps of the phenylpropanoid pathway (Rivero et al, 2015;Beckers et al, 2016;Bruisson et al, 2016).…”

Section: New Phytologistmentioning

confidence: 99%

Native soils with their microbiotas elicit a state of alert in tomato plants

et al. 2018

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Several studies have investigated soil microbial biodiversity, but understanding of the mechanisms underlying plant responses to soil microbiota remains in its infancy. Here, we focused on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), testing the hypothesis that plants grown on native soils display different responses to soil microbiotas. Using transcriptomics, proteomics, and biochemistry, we describe the responses of two tomato genotypes (susceptible or resistant to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici) grown on an artificial growth substrate and two native soils (conducive and suppressive to Fusarium). Native soils affected tomato responses by modulating pathways involved in responses to oxidative stress, phenol biosynthesis, lignin deposition, and innate immunity, particularly in the suppressive soil. In tomato plants grown on steam-disinfected soils, total phenols and lignin decreased significantly. The inoculation of a mycorrhizal fungus partly rescued this response locally and systemically. Plants inoculated with the fungal pathogen showed reduced disease symptoms in the resistant genotype in both soils, but the susceptible genotype was partially protected from the pathogen only when grown on the suppressive soil. The 'state of alert' detected in tomatoes reveals novel mechanisms operating in plants in native soils and the soil microbiota appears to be one of the drivers of these plant responses.

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Section: New Phytologistmentioning

confidence: 99%

Native soils with their microbiotas elicit a state of alert in tomato plants

et al. 2018

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“…AMF colonization is restricted to the root cortex, suggesting that AM‐mediated plant resistance against leaf pathogens requires systemic signals. Various mechanisms have been proposed for the effect of AM on foliar pathogen attack, such as induced leaf expression of pathogenesis‐related and defence‐related genes (Song et al., ), genes involved in signal transduction and calcium‐mediated signalling (Campos‐soriano et al., ), increasing antioxidant capacity (Maya & Matsubara, ) and promoting the synthesis of phenolic compounds (Bruisson et al., ; and references herein). MIR has been associated with host metabolic and genetic rearrangement that occurs as a consequence of AMF colonization of roots, which affects plant primary and secondary metabolism (Rivero, Gamir, Aroca, Pozo, & Flors, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arbuscular mycorrhiza‐mediated resistance in tomato against Cladosporium fulvum‐induced mould disease

Wang

Yin

et al. 2017

Journal of Phytopathology

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Root colonization with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) enhances plant resistance particularly against soil-borne pathogenic fungi. In this study, mycorrhizal inoculation with Glomus mosseae (Gm) significantly alleviated tomato mould disease caused by the air-borne fungal pathogen, Cladosporium fulvum (Cf). The disease index (DI) in local leaves (receiving pathogen inoculation) and systemic leaves (just above the local leaf without pathogen inoculation) was 36.4% and 11.7% in mycorrhizal plants, respectively, whereas DI was 59.6% and 36.4% in the corresponding leaves of AMF noninoculated plants, after 50 days of Gm inoculation, corresponding to 15 days after Cf inoculation by leaf infiltration. Foliar spray inoculation with Cf also revealed that AMF pre-inoculated plants had a higher resistance against subsequent pathogen infection, where the DI was 41.3% in mycorrhizal plants vs. 64.4% in AMF non-inoculated plants.AMF-inoculated plants showed significantly higher fresh and dry weight than noninoculated plants under both control (without pathogen) and pathogen treatments.AMF-inoculated plants exhibited significant increases in activities of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase, along with decreases in levels of H 2 O 2 and malondialdehyde, compared with non-inoculated plants after pathogen inoculation. AMF inoculation led to increases in total chlorophyll contents and net photosynthesis rate as compared with non-inoculated plants under control and pathogen infection. Pathogen infection on AMF non-inoculated plants led to decreases in chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. However, pathogen infection did not affect these parameters in mycorrhizal plants. Taken together, these results indicate that AMF colonization may play an important role in plant resistance against air-borne pathogen infection by maintaining redox poise and photosynthetic activity. K E Y W O R D Santioxidative defence, arbuscular mycorrhiza, Cladosporium fulvum, disease index, Glomus mosseae, photosynthesis, tomato | INTRODUCTIONThe biotrophic pathogen fungus Cladosporium fulvum Cooke infects its only host tomato causing leaf mould disease, which is one of the most severe diseases threatening tomato yield and quality, especially in protected cultivation. For example, a yield loss of 10%-25% in normal years and even over 50% in bad years occurred in China (Sun, 2006). In conventional agricultural management, a large amount of synthetic fungicide is applied to control mould disease, which could cause serious environmental contamination and harm human health.In addition, new races of C. fulvum frequently emerge raising a problem of fungicide tolerance.*These authors contributed equally to this work. Control plants were sprayed with sterile distilled water. | MATERIALS AND METHODS | Plant culture and fungal treatment | Analyses of disease index and mycorrhizal colonizationThe DI was analysed after 15 days of pathogen inoculation accord- | Determination of plant growthThe effect of AMF colonization, pathogen infection, alone or in combinat...

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“…Pathogenic fungi are the predominant cause of fruits rot in the fields, packinghouse, and transportation aspects of production (Boubaker et al, ; Mohamed, Ding, Ghazali, & Kadir, ; Ongouya et al, ). For grapes, Plasmopara viticola ( P. viticola ) leads to the downy mildew which is the most common and dangerous infection (Bruisson et al, ; Rouxel et al, ). Secondary to this, Geotrichum citri‐aurantii gives rise to the sour rot.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For grapes, Plasmopara viticola (P. viticola) leads to the downy mildew which is the most common and dangerous infection (Bruisson et al, 2016;Rouxel et al, 2014). Secondary to this, Geotrichum citri-aurantii gives rise to the sour rot.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of resveratrol O‐methyltransferase gene in pterostilbene defensing the sour rot of wine grape

et al. 2019

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Sour rot, caused by Geotrichum citriaurantii (G. citri-aurantii.), is one of the most serious grapevine secondary infection diseases in China. We have determined that pterostilbene, the most important phytoalexin, effectively inhibits the activity of G. citri‐aurantii. To study the synthesis mechanism of pterostilbene against G. citri‐aurantii in grape, we initially detected the content of pterostilbene present in grapes infected by G. citri‐aurantii with the use of UHPLC‐QQQ‐MS2. Pterostilbene levels are controlled by the resveratrol O‐methyltransferase (ROMT) gene, and within grape samples is positively related to the accumulation of resveratrol. The pPIC9k‐ROMT vector and plasmid pCAMBIA2300‐GFP‐ROMT were constructed for expression purposes. The pPIC9k‐ROMT vector was expressed in Pichia pastoris GS115 and plasmid pCAMBIA2300‐GFP‐ROMT was expressed in onion. Analysis of qRT‐PCR amplification samples revealed that gene expression was induced rapidly in grape as a defense against G. citri‐aurantii. Western blot analysis verified that the recombinant protein was successfully expressed. Practical applications Pterostilbene is a trace and efficient phytoalexins produced by plant’ secondary metabolism, which exhibits good pharmacological activity. As an important protective agent in plants, it can improve the antioxidant capacity and resistance to adversity of plants. However, the method which could be used for mass production of pterostilbene has not been reported currently. The key gene of pterostilbene biosynthesis was investigated and verified in this paper, which provides the theoretical basis for the industrial production of pterostilbene. The study of pterostilbene is significant for the prevention and treatment of G. citri‐aurantii disease, and has important practical applications for the development and production of pesticides.

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis stimulates key genes of the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and stilbenoid production in grapevine leaves in response to downy mildew and grey mould infection

Cited by 73 publications

References 45 publications

Native soils with their microbiotas elicit a state of alert in tomato plants

Native soils with their microbiotas elicit a state of alert in tomato plants

Arbuscular mycorrhiza‐mediated resistance in tomato against Cladosporium fulvum‐induced mould disease

Regulation of resveratrol O‐methyltransferase gene in pterostilbene defensing the sour rot of wine grape

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