Arc-Erosion Behavior of Boric Oxide-Reinforced Silver-Based Electrical Contact Materials Produced by Mechanical Alloying

Biyik, Serkan; Arslan, Fazlı; Aydın, Murat

doi:10.1007/s11664-014-3399-4

Cited by 95 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Furthermore, the molten mass is agitated by the electromagnetic effect. 55,56 As the temperature becomes higher, ZnO begins to decompose and atoms Zn and O come into being, which contributes to the material's microstructure rearrangement. The oxygen contained in the material may also arise from the initial porosity of the starting material since it can hardly discharge all the air during the pressing and sintering process.…”

Section: Characterizations Of Morphologies Of Ag/zno (A) After Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of preparing method of ZnO powders on electrical arc erosion behavior of Ag/ZnO electrical contact material

Wei

Zhang

et al. 2016

J. Mater. Res.

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Two kinds of Ag/ZnO electrical contact materials were fabricated by powder metallurgy method. The electrical life testing was done to investigate the arc erosion behavior of the prepared contact materials. Their properties and morphologies were characterized and discussed in detail. Results showed that Ag/ZnO (c) with coprecipitated ZnO as the second phase had better mechanical and electrical properties compared with Ag/ZnO (a) with ZnO purchased from Aladdin Industrial, Inc. Besides, some typical morphologies, such as holes, Ag or ZnO enrichment zone, Ag skeletons and bubbling area, occurred on the surface of the contacts. Especially for Ag/ZnO (c) , vertically aligned ZnO nanorod arrays were detected after the life testing without any other supporting equipment. The existence of a solid solution Zn 1Àx Ag x O and different energy generated during arcing process were possible reasons resulting in this phenomenon. A solid-vapor-solid mechanism was put forward to analyze the phenomenon mentioned above. These evidences could also offer some valuable information desired for reducing the splashing of Ag droplet under arcing.

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Section: Characterizations Of Morphologies Of Ag/zno (A) After Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of preparing method of ZnO powders on electrical arc erosion behavior of Ag/ZnO electrical contact material

Wei

Zhang

et al. 2016

J. Mater. Res.

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“…Furthermore, studies are being performed with regards to improving the arc-erosion performance by using some minor doping additives, to form a ternary or complex composite, and extending the contact life [7][8][9]. Currently, Ag-SnO 2 composites have great potential in electrical contact applications due to their environmentally friendly nature, in contrast with the toxic and carcinogenic Ag-CdO electrical contact material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication and Arc-Erosion Behavior of Ag8SnO₂ Electrical Contact Materials under Inductive Loads

Biyik

Aydın

2017

Acta Phys. Pol. A

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In this study, Ag-based SnO2-reinforced electrical contact materials were produced by powder metallurgy and mechanical alloying techniques. Elemental powder mixture containing 8 wt.% SnO2 was milled in a highenergy planetary-type ball mill, to achieve homogeneously mixed composite powder, and subsequently pressed in a closed die to obtain green compacts with a cylindrical shape and then sintered under vacuum to obtain composites. Composites were then subjected to electrical wear tests under inductive loads to investigate the arc-erosion performance of electrical contacts. Surface deterioration and mass losses of electrical contacts were also evaluated, as a function of increasing switching number. Characterization of the starting and composite powders, green compacts, composites and arc-originated surface deterioration was carried out using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. It was found that powder particle size had decreased with the increasing milling time. Density and hardness values of the composites had increased, whereas porosity had decreased with the increasing sintering temperature. Optimum sintering temperature was determined as 900The arc-affected zones became bigger with the increase of the number of switching operations. Furthermore, comparison between surface morphologies and mass losses of arc-eroded specimens had revealed that the stationary contacts exhibit higher rates of erosion than the movable contacts.

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“…A lot of work has been done towards producing and evaluating the electrical performance of contact materials [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. However, the effect of MA parameters on the production of Cu25W contact material has not yet been investigated in detail.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Mechanical Alloying Parameters of Cu25W Electrical Contact Material

Biyik

Aydın

2017

Acta Phys. Pol. A

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In this study, the effect of mechanical alloying parameters, namely the effect of process control agent, ballto-powder weight ratio and milling duration, on the synthesis of Cu25W composite powder was investigated. Planetary-type ball milling equipment was used to conduct mechanical alloying experiments. Stearic acid was used as the process control agent in order to establish a balance between cold welding and fracturing. The optimum amount of stearic acid was determined as a function of particle size and milling time at constant speed. By using this optimum amount of process control agent, three different ball-to-powder weight ratio values were also employed, and the effect of ball-to-powder weight ratio on particle size and morphology of Cu25W composite powders was investigated. The microstructural evolution of the milled powders was characterized using scanning electron microscopy and laser diffraction analysis. The test results have shown that the morphology and particle size distribution of the milled powders change significantly depending upon the milling parameters. In addition, higher ball-to-powder weight ratio values tend to lower the milling duration for the same amount of particle size reduction. However, particle size reduction suffers beyond the maximal value of ball-to-powder weight ratio, especially in the later stages of mechanical alloying.

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Arc-Erosion Behavior of Boric Oxide-Reinforced Silver-Based Electrical Contact Materials Produced by Mechanical Alloying

Cited by 95 publications

References 11 publications

Effect of preparing method of ZnO powders on electrical arc erosion behavior of Ag/ZnO electrical contact material

Effect of preparing method of ZnO powders on electrical arc erosion behavior of Ag/ZnO electrical contact material

Fabrication and Arc-Erosion Behavior of Ag8SnO₂ Electrical Contact Materials under Inductive Loads

Optimization of Mechanical Alloying Parameters of Cu25W Electrical Contact Material

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Arc-Erosion Behavior of Boric Oxide-Reinforced Silver-Based Electrical Contact Materials Produced by Mechanical Alloying

Cited by 95 publications

References 11 publications

Effect of preparing method of ZnO powders on electrical arc erosion behavior of Ag/ZnO electrical contact material

Effect of preparing method of ZnO powders on electrical arc erosion behavior of Ag/ZnO electrical contact material

Fabrication and Arc-Erosion Behavior of Ag8SnO2 Electrical Contact Materials under Inductive Loads

Optimization of Mechanical Alloying Parameters of Cu25W Electrical Contact Material

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Product

Resources

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Fabrication and Arc-Erosion Behavior of Ag8SnO₂ Electrical Contact Materials under Inductive Loads