Arc-Ignition of a 70%-85% Hydrogen Peroxide/ABS Hybrid Rocket System

Whitmore, Stephen A.; Merkley, Daniel P.

doi:10.2514/6.2017-5047

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Once the chamber pressure builds up to exceed approximately two atmospheres of oxygen partial pressure, the nozzle chokes and the test experience of Whitemore et al, 2 has demonstrated that full combustion will occur. For the tests reported by Whitemore et al, 6 this ignition transient would typically vary between 400 and 800 milliseconds. The higher feed pressures of 250-00 psig tended to exhibit lower ignition latencies.…”

Section: Summary Of Initial Peroxide/abs Arc-ignition Test Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The resulting chamber pressure varied over a range from 160 to 200 psia. Whitemore et al, 6,16 describe the test apparatus and procedures in detail. All tests were performed at ambient pressure background conditions.…”

Section: Summary Of Initial Peroxide/abs Arc-ignition Test Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Propulsion Research Laboratory at Utah State University has recently initiated development of a novel one-quarter scale hybrid rocket stage-motor that employs medium grade hydrogen peroxide (85%) and additively-manufactured ABS as propellants. 6 The thruster system was adapted from previous "Green" hybrid systems designed and tested at USU. 4 For this prototype motor, the hydrogen peroxide was directly injected into the fuel grain port using a commercial hollow-cone 50-degree nozzle to atomize the oxidizer.…”

Section: Review Of Electrical Arc-ignition Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The goal was to establish a baseline for the outlet temperature and pressure drop across the catalyst bed. These tests had been previously performed by Whitmore et al, 51 for the Runckel silver screen catbed design, and will not be reported here. The warm flow tests were repeated twice with the same catalyst materials in order to identify any potential deactivation issues and assure that the pellet beds survive the temperatures of decomposition.…”

Section: Warm Flow Catbed-only Catbed Tests With Manganese Dioxidementioning

confidence: 99%

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Catalyst development for an arc-ignited hydrogen peroxide/ABS hybrid rocket system

Whitmore¹,

Martinez²,

Merkley³

2018

AAOAJ

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The authors have collaborated with an industry partner to develop a prototype upper stage for a dedicated nano-launch vehicle. In addition to providing sufficient impulse for orbit insertion, the unique motor system also provides capability for multiple restarts; allowing operation as an orbital maneuvering thruster. The hybrid motor design uses 85%-90% hydrogen peroxide solution and 3-D printed ABS (acrylonitrilebutadiene-styrene) as propellants. In the original system design the peroxide catalyst bed was completely removed and a patented arc-ignition system thermally ignited the propellants. The thermal ignition system was effective but resulted in a combustion latency of approximately 1-second, reducing overall performance and allowing for significant variability in the delivered total impulse. This work investigates whether adding a small catalyst pack for ignition augmentation can eliminate or significantly reduce the observed ignition latency and improve overall system performance. The effectiveness of multiple catalytic minerals including potassium permanganate, manganese dioxide, manganese (III) oxide, and potassium nitrate were examined and compared to traditional noble-metal catalyst materials like silver or platinum. These alternative materials are significantly less expensive than noble metals. Catalytic activity test results, designs for an augmentation catbed integrated with the thermal ignition system, and preliminary unaugmented and augmented hot-fire test results are presented. Aeronautics and Aerospace Open Access Journal Research Article Open AccessCatalyst development for an arc-ignited hydrogen peroxide/ABS hybrid rocket system 357

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Section: Summary Of Initial Peroxide/abs Arc-ignition Test Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Summary Of Initial Peroxide/abs Arc-ignition Test Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Review Of Electrical Arc-ignition Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Warm Flow Catbed-only Catbed Tests With Manganese Dioxidementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Catalyst development for an arc-ignited hydrogen peroxide/ABS hybrid rocket system

Whitmore¹,

Martinez²,

Merkley³

2018

AAOAJ

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“…This arc-ignition concept has been engineered into a power-efficient system that can be started, stopped, and restarted with a high degree of reliability. On demand ignition has been demonstrated using compressed air, nitrous oxide (N 2 O) [34], gaseous oxygen [15], and hydrogen peroxide [38] as oxidizers. The arc ignition process is extremely energy efficient, requiring as little as 10 W for less than one second.…”

Section: The Thrust Chamber Was Developed From Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Ignition of a High Performance Hydrogen Peroxide Hybrid Rocket with 3-D Printed Fuel

A¹

2019

Int J Astronaut Aeronautical Eng

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Development of a high-performing hybrid rocket system that employs 90% hydrogen peroxide and 3-D printable thermoplastic materials is reported. Traditionally, high-grade peroxide has been employed as a monopropellant using noble-metal catalysts to initiate thermal decomposition. Catbeds beds are expensive, heavy, and contribute no propulsive mass to the system. Catbeds exhibit limited operational lifetimes, and are often rendered inactive due to the high temperatures of thermal decomposition. The presented alternative thermallydecomposes the injected peroxide stream using an electrostatic ignition system, where as a moderate electric field is introduced to the additively layered ABS fuel grain. Electrostatic arcs are induced within the 3-D printed surface features, and produce sufficient pyrolyzed fuel vapor to induce spontaneous combustion when a flow of gaseous oxygen is introduced. Heat released is sufficient to thermally decompose the injected peroxide stream. The liberated heat and oxygen from decomposition drive full combustion along the length of the fuel grain. Gaseous oxygen pre-leads as small as 250 ms reliably initiate combustion. Multiple on-demand relights are provided with this system. Achieved laboratory specific impulse values exceed 215 s under ambient conditions, with a projected vacuum value exceeding 300 s. Density specific impulse values exceeding 4000 N-s/liter are achievable with this system.

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Aquatic unmanned aerial vehicles (AquaUAV): Bionic prototypes, key technologies, analysis methods, and potential solutions

Wang

Yang

Zhao

et al. 2023

Sci. China Technol. Sci.

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Arc-Ignition of a 70%-85% Hydrogen Peroxide/ABS Hybrid Rocket System

Cited by 9 publications

References 13 publications

Catalyst development for an arc-ignited hydrogen peroxide/ABS hybrid rocket system

Catalyst development for an arc-ignited hydrogen peroxide/ABS hybrid rocket system

Direct Ignition of a High Performance Hydrogen Peroxide Hybrid Rocket with 3-D Printed Fuel

Aquatic unmanned aerial vehicles (AquaUAV): Bionic prototypes, key technologies, analysis methods, and potential solutions

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