Arc parallel extension and localization of volcanic complexes in Guadeloupe, Lesser Antilles

Feuillet, Nathalie; Manighetti, Isabelle; Tapponnier, Paul; Jacques, Éric

doi:10.1029/2001jb000308

Cited by 192 publications

(267 citation statements)

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“…This can be accommodated by north -south extension of this part of the Caribbean plate (Lopez et al 2006). There is contemporary evidence for such extension from seismicity and geological evidence from roughly east -west normal faulting (Feuillet et al 2002(Feuillet et al , 2010Kenedi et al 2010). In particular, the WNW-trending Belham Valley Fault that crosses Montserrat adjacent to SHV forms part of a large transtensional fault system running NNW between Montserrat and Basse Terre, Guadeloupe -the Montserrat -Bouillante Fault System (Feuillet et al 2002).…”

Section: The Setting Of Soufrière Hillsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chapter 1 An overview of the eruption of Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat from 2000 to 2010

Wadge

Voight

Sparks

et al. 2014

Memoirs

139

119

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Abstract:The 1995-present eruption of Soufrière Hills Volcano on Montserrat has produced over a cubic kilometre of andesitic magma, creating a series of lava domes that were successively destroyed, with much of their mass deposited in the sea. There have been five phases of lava extrusion to form these lava domes: -March 1998-July 2003 August 2005-April 2007July 2008-January 2009 and October 2009-February 2010. It has been one of the most intensively studied volcanoes in the world during this time, and there are long instrumental and observational datasets. From these have sprung major new insights concerning: the cyclicity of magma transport; low-frequency earthquakes associated with conduit magma flow; the dynamics of lateral blasts and Vulcanian explosions; the role that basalt-andesite magma mingling in the mid-crust has in powering the eruption; identification using seismic tomography of the uppermost magma reservoir at a depth of 5.5 . 7.5 km; and many others. Parallel to the research effort, there has been a consistent programme of quantitative risk assessment since 1997 that has both pioneered new methods and provided a solid evidential source for the civil authority to use in mitigating the risks to the people of Montserrat.At the time of writing (January 2013), the Soufrière Hills Volcano (SHV) is in its 17th year of eruption, placing it with a select group of very long-lived eruptions from silicic volcanoes. Within the Caribbean plate, only two other silicic volcanoes have had longer-lived historical extrusive eruptions: Santiaguito, Guatemala (1922( -present: Harris et al. 2003 and Arenal, Costa Rica (1968 -present: Wadge et al. 2006). As with both of these volcanoes, SHV has not extruded lava continuously for the whole eruption, but has erupted intermittently. In fact, it has been extruding lava for a cumulative total of only 8.5 years out of 17. So in what sense can we consider this a single eruption rather than a series of shorter ones? The longest gaps between extrusive phases have been about 2-3 years (July 2003-August 2005 February 2010-present). However, during the pauses between extrusion at SHV, there have been many indications that the volcanic system remains active. These have included inflation of the island's surface, the release of volatiles in quantities similar to those seen during lava extrusion, swarms of low-frequency seismicity, explosions and the production of ash. This suggests that there are processes within the system responsible for producing alternating extrusive and non-extrusive states. Melnik & Sparks (2005) showed theoretically how non-linear response to relatively minor perturbations of the magmatic system can result in such behaviour.Recognition of the long-term continuity of the eruption process has direct consequences for the tasks of monitoring and estimating the risks posed by the volcano. It means that the Montserrat Volcano Observatory (MVO) must monitor the volcano continuously, even during periods of relative quiescence and apparent inactivity. The probabil...

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Section: The Setting Of Soufrière Hillsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chapter 1 An overview of the eruption of Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat from 2000 to 2010

Wadge

Voight

Sparks

et al. 2014

Memoirs

139

119

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is important to notice that this island is partially surrounded by fringing coral reefs (Smith et al, 1997;Feuillet et al, 2002) as well as the other French territories as shown on Fig. 1b-e. They seem to act as efficient natural barriers partially protecting the coasts from wind-wave and cyclonic swell impacts as reported by Clark (1991) and Frihy et al (2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tsunami hazard assessment of Guadeloupe Island (F.W.I.) related to a megathrust rupture on the Lesser Antilles subduction interface

Roger

Dudon

Zahibo

2013

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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The French Caribbean Archipelago of Guadeloupe is located over the Lesser Antilles active subduction zone, where a handful of earthquakes have reached magnitudes of Mw = 7.0 (moment magnitude) and more. According to available catalogs, these earthquakes have been able to trigger devastating tsunamis, either directly by the shake or indirectly by induced landslides. The Guadeloupe Archipelago is known to have suffered from several violent earthquakes, including the 1843 Mw ~ 8.5 megathrust event. In this study, we discuss the potential impact of a tsunami generation scenario of a Mw = 8.5 rupture at the subduction interface using numerical modeling and high resolution bathymetric data within the framework of tsunami hazard assessment for Guadeloupe. Despite the fact that the mystery remains unresolved concerning the lack of historical tsunami data for the 1843 event, modeling results show that the tsunami impact is not uniformly distributed in the whole archipelago and could show important maximum wave heights. This is easily explained by the bathymetry and the presence of several islands around the main island leading to resonance phenomena, and because of the existence of a fringing coral reef partially surrounding Guadeloupe Island and its satellites. We then discuss the role of source parameters, the arrival times and the protective role of fringing coral reefs surrounding the islands, using tsunami modeling applied on two Guadeloupian touristic coastal places: Sainte-Anne and Saint-François

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“…Feuillet et al [2002] In order to accurate assess the seismic risk in this region (and consequently derive appropriate and cost-effective strategies to mitigate this risk) it is important that the seismic hazard is well estimated. A central aspect of seismic hazard assessment is the estimation of strong ground motion expected during future earthquakes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lambert, 1988, Tanner andShedlock, 2004]. Feuillet et al [2002] carried out a detailed study of the recent tectonics and related seismic and volcanic activity in the Lesser Antilles. In the northern part of the arc, a series of grabens dominate with normal faults oriented in the east-west direction, perpendicular to the trench.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A preliminary investigation of strong-motion data from the French Antilles

et al. 2006

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Strong-motion networks have been operating in the Caribbean region since the 1970s, however, until the mid-1990s only a few analogue stations were operational and the quantity of data recorded was very low. Since the mid-1990s, digital accelerometric networks have been established on islands within the region. At present there are thought to be about 160 stations operating in this region with a handful on Cuba, 65 on the French Antilles (mainly Guadeloupe and Martinique), eight on Jamaica, 78 on Puerto Rico (plus others on adjacent islands) and four on Trinidad.After briefly summarising the available data from the Caribbean islands, this article is mainly concerned with analysing the data that has been recorded by the networks operating on the French Antilles in terms of their distribution with respect to magnitude, source-to-site distance, focal depth and event type; site effects at certain stations; and also with respect to their predictability by ground motion estimation equations developed using data from different regions of the world. More than 300 good quality triaxial acceleration time-histories have been recorded on Guadeloupe and Martinique at a large number of stations from earthquakes with moment magnitudes larger than 4.8, however, most of the records are from considerable source-to-site distances. From the data available it is found that many of the commonly-used ground motion estimation equations for shallow crustal earthquakes poorly estimate the observed ground motions on the two islands; ground motions on Guadeloupe and Martinique have smaller amplitudes and are more variable than expected. This difference could be due to regional dependence of ground motions because of, for example, differing tectonics or crustal structures or because the ground motions so far recorded are, in general, from smaller earthquakes and greater distances than the range of applicability of the investigated equations.

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Arc parallel extension and localization of volcanic complexes in Guadeloupe, Lesser Antilles

Cited by 192 publications

References 57 publications

Chapter 1 An overview of the eruption of Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat from 2000 to 2010

Chapter 1 An overview of the eruption of Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat from 2000 to 2010

Tsunami hazard assessment of Guadeloupe Island (F.W.I.) related to a megathrust rupture on the Lesser Antilles subduction interface

A preliminary investigation of strong-motion data from the French Antilles

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