Arcellaceans as Pollution Indicators in Mine Tailing Contaminated Lakes near Cobalt, Ontario, Canada

Reinhardt, Eduard G.; Dalby, Andrew P.; Kumar, Arun; Patterson, R. Timothy

doi:10.2307/1486066

Cited by 93 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In a brief review of testate rhizopod studies in lakes around the world, we noted that the species assemblages we report from Central Mexico resemble most closely assemblages from Neartic water bodies close to Lake Ontario, and near other Canadian lakes (Patterson, MacKinnon, Scott, & Medioli, 1985;Patterson, Barker, & Burbidge, 1996;Reinhardt, Dalby, Kumar, & Patterson, 1998;Kumar & Patterson, 2000;Torigai, Schröder-Adams, & Burbidge, 2000;Roe, Patterson, & Swindles, 2009;Roe & Patterson 2014). In those studies, the composition and abundance of species generally indicated mesotrophic conditions and pollution, suggesting it will be important to gather such information on Mexican lakes to see if testate amoebae can serve as bioindicators of these variables in those water bodies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Testate Amoebae (Amebozoa: Arcellinida) in Tropical Lakes of Central Mexico

Sigala

Lozano‐García

Escobar³

et al. 2016

RBT

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Abstract:Testate amoebae are common single-celled eukaryotic organisms in aquatic ecosystems. Despite their important role in these ecosystems, and their potential as bioindicators and paleoindicators, they remain poorly studied in Mexico. The major objectives of this study were to: 1) increase knowledge of testate amoebae in Mexico's tropical lakes, and 2) create a catalog of high-quality scanning electron micrographs that can be used for future ecological and paleoenvironmental studies. We collected surface-sediment samples from 29 lakes, located in the Transmexican Volcanic Belt, one at each lake during June and October 2011, and March 2013. Sediments were collected with an Ekman grab and preserved in anhydrous ethanol. Sub-samples were observed under a stereomicroscope and morphometric data for each species were recorded. Total diameter and aperture diameter were measured on circular tests. Irregularly shaped tests were measured for length and width of the aperture and for the size of the whole test. If a specimen possessed spines, the length of one randomly selected spine was measured. The best-preserved specimen of each taxon was photographed with an optical microscope and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). We found 41 taxa of testate amoebae belonging to the genera: Arcella, Argynnia, Centropyxis, Cucurbitella, Cyclopyxis, Cyphoderia, Difflugia, Euglypha, Lesquereusia, Pentagonia, Pseudodifflugia and Scutiglypha. Twelve species not previously reported for Mexico were recorded, along with 13 varieties. The average number of taxa recorded in each lake was eight, and the highest taxonomic richness was 18. The taxon found in the greatest number of lakes was Centropyxis aculeata var. aculeata. Taxonomic richness varied among lakes in the same region. This could reflect lake-specific differences in environmental conditions, underscoring the need for more detailed studies that include collection of data on physical and chemical variables in the lakes. Our results highlighted the need of further studies for the distribution patterns and ecology of lacustrine testate amoebae. Rev. Biol. Trop. 64 (1): 377-397. Epub 2016 March 01.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Testate Amoebae (Amebozoa: Arcellinida) in Tropical Lakes of Central Mexico

Sigala

Lozano‐García

Escobar³

et al. 2016

RBT

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“…For example, in a previous in situ investigation, we observed a decline in testate amoeba species richness, abundance, and diversity index with increasing Pb concentration accumulated through atmospheric deposition on the moss Barbula indica in the Hanoi region, Vietnam [28]. In aquatic environments, Patterson et al (1996) and Reinhardt et al (1998) have shown that Centropyxis aculeata, Centropyxis constricta, and Arcella vulgaris resist well to arsenic and mercury contamination in Canadian lakes polluted by mine tailings [31,35]. In addition, a decrease in the abundance of Arcella sp., Difflugia sp., and Euglypha sp.…”

Section: Predatorsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Effects of Experimental Lead Pollution on the Microbial Communities Associated with Sphagnum fallax (Bryophyta)

et al. 2007

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Ecotoxicological studies usually focus on single microbial species under controlled conditions. As a result, little is known about the responses of different microbial functional groups or individual species to stresses. In an aim to assess the response of complex microbial communities to pollution in their natural habitat, we studied the effect of a simulated lead pollution on the microbial community (bacteria, cyanobacteria, protists, fungi, and micrometazoa) living on Sphagnum fallax. Mosses were grown in the laboratory with 0 (control), 625, and 2,500 mg L _ 1 of Pb 2+ diluted in a standard nutrient solution and were sampled after 0, 6, 12, and 20 weeks. The biomasses of bacteria, microalgae, testate amoebae, and ciliates were dramatically and significantly decreased in both Pb addition treatments after 6, 12, and 20 weeks in comparison with the control. The biomass of cyanobacteria declined after 6 and 12 weeks in the highest Pb treatment. The biomasses of fungi, rotifers, and nematodes decreased along the duration of the experiment but were not significantly affected by lead addition. Consequently, the total microbial biomass was lower for both Pb addition treatments after 12 and 20 weeks than in the controls. The community structure was strongly modified due to changes in the densities of testate amoebae and ciliates, whereas the relative contribution of bacteria to the microbial biomass was stable. Differences in responses among the microbial groups suggest changes in the trophic links among them. The correlation between the biomass of bacteria and that of ciliates or testate amoebae increased with increasing Pb loading. We interpret this result as an effect on the grazing pathways of these predators and by the Pb effect on other potential prey (i.e., smaller protists). The community approach used here complements classical ecotoxicological studies by providing clues to the complex effect of pollutant-affecting organisms both directly and indirectly through trophic effects and could potentially find applications for pollution monitoring.

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“…However, two studies were conducted on the effects of these pollutants on testate amoebae in aquatic environments. Patterson et al [44] and Reinhardt et al [46] showed that in some lakes heavily polluted by mine tailings in Canada, Centropyxis aculeata, Centropyxis constricta, and Arcella vulgaris are good indicators of arsenic and mercury contamination. Regarding the mode of heavy metal toxicity to microbes, it is now widely accepted that the toxic species in aquatic systems is the free metal ion and, by analogy, it is assumed that the toxic species to soil microorganisms is also the free metal ion [33].…”

Section: Moss Trace Element Concentrations In Relation Tomentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship Between Testate Amoeba (Protist) Communities and Atmospheric Heavy Metals Accumulated in Barbula indica (Bryophyta) in Vietnam

et al. 2006

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We studied the relationships between testate amoeba communities and heavy metal (Pb, Cd, Zn, Ni, Cu, Mn, and Fe) concentrations in the moss Barbula indica sampled at 29 sites in and around the city of Hanoi (Vietnam). Our first approach was to compare the heavy metal concentrations and testate amoeba variables between the city (zone 1) and the surrounding (zone 2). Mean moss concentrations of Pb, Cd, Zn, Ni, and Cu were significantly higher and testate amoeba species richness and abundance were significantly lower in zone 1 and the abundance of eight taxa differed significantly between the two zones. We then studied the correlation between heavy metals and testate amoebae. Species richness and abundance were correlated negatively to Pb concentration. Shannon H 0 was negatively correlated to both Pb and Cd. The abundance of several species was negatively correlated with Pb, Cd, Zn, and Ni; however, at the community level, Pb emerged as the only significant variable in a redundancy analysis. Our results suggest that testate amoebae are sensitive to and may be good bioindicators for heavy metal pollution, especially lead. Further research is needed to understand the causal relationships underlying the observed patterns.

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Arcellaceans as Pollution Indicators in Mine Tailing Contaminated Lakes near Cobalt, Ontario, Canada

Cited by 93 publications

References 18 publications

Testate Amoebae (Amebozoa: Arcellinida) in Tropical Lakes of Central Mexico

Testate Amoebae (Amebozoa: Arcellinida) in Tropical Lakes of Central Mexico

Effects of Experimental Lead Pollution on the Microbial Communities Associated with Sphagnum fallax (Bryophyta)

Relationship Between Testate Amoeba (Protist) Communities and Atmospheric Heavy Metals Accumulated in Barbula indica (Bryophyta) in Vietnam

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