ARCH-COMP21 Category Report: Continuous and Hybrid Systems with Nonlinear Dynamics

Abstract

We present the results of a friendly competition for formal verification of continuous and hybrid systems with nonlinear continuous dynamics. The friendly competition took place as part of the workshop Applied Verification for Continuous and Hybrid Systems (ARCH) in 2021. This year, 5 tools Ariadne, CORA, DynIbex, JuliaReach and Kaa (in alphabetic order) participated. These tools are applied to solve reachability analysis problems on five benchmark problems, two of them featuring hybrid dynamics. We do not rank the tools based on the results, but show the current status and discover the potential advantages of different tools.

Parameter synthesis of polynomial dynamical systems

“…More detailed comparison can be found in [58] where a methodology that integrates different tools for the design of cyber-physical systems is described. ARCH-COMP (International Workshop on Applied Verification of Continuous and Hybrid Systems -Competition) reports the state of the art in the field, see, e.g., [37,38]. This manuscript extends [22] and [28].…”

Adaptive reachability algorithms for nonlinear systems using abstraction error analysis

“…2. We first analyze two selected benchmark systems from the ARCH competition [55,56] allowing us to compare our approach to expert-tuned state-of-the-art reachability tools. Then, a wide variety of different benchmark systems taken from various sources [17,44,57,58] is used to provide a general overview of the per-formance.…”

Set-Based B-Series

“…This leads to the releases of several tools. The most efficient, promising and innovative tools participate each year in the ARCH competition [25,26]: Ariadne, which adopts an approach with compositionality [27]; CORA, which proposes various set representations [28,29]; DynIbex using Runge-Kutta methods and constraint programming [23]; JuliaReach, which defines sets using Taylor models [30]; Kaa based on parallelotope bundles [31]; and KeYmaera X, a theorem prover able to consider differential Equations [32].…”