Archaebacterial bipolar tetraether lipids: Physico-chemical and membrane properties

Chong, Parkson Lee‐Gau

doi:10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2009.12.006

Cited by 129 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 158 publications

(271 reference statements)

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“…Because thermophilic Archaea use cyclization as an adaptation to growth temperature (47,48), the similarly formulated TEX 86 ratio was assumed to depend primarily on growth temperature in marine Archaea (13). Although it is now acknowledged that other factors such as community dynamics (e.g., refs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All of these pathways are in direct competition for both e − and energy-the scarcity of which has been proposed as motivation for the evolution of the HP/HB pathway (51). The presence of cyclopentane rings in GDGTs may be viewed as a strategy to reduce demand for e − and energy as well as in the more traditional sense of maintaining low proton permeability (37,48). In this way, adaptation to e − -donor limitation in Thaumarchaeota and to higher growth temperatures in both Thaumarchaeota and archaeal thermophiles operates via the same mechanism: It reduces proton permeability by increasing the packing density of membrane lipids (38).…”

Section: Cellular Energy Balance and The Synthesis Of Gdgts: The Redumentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Influence of ammonia oxidation rate on thaumarchaeal lipid composition and the TEX ₈₆ temperature proxy

Hurley

Elling

Könneke

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

139

142

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Archaeal membrane lipids known as glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) are the basis of the TEX 86 paleotemperature proxy. Because GDGTs preserved in marine sediments are thought to originate mainly from planktonic, ammonia-oxidizing Thaumarchaeota, the basis of the correlation between TEX 86 and sea surface temperature (SST) remains unresolved: How does TEX 86 predict surface temperatures, when maximum thaumarchaeal activity occurs below the surface mixed layer and TEX 86 does not covary with in situ growth temperatures? Here we used isothermal studies of the model thaumarchaeon Nitrosopumilus maritimus SCM1 to investigate how GDGT composition changes in response to ammonia oxidation rate. We used continuous culture methods to avoid potential confounding variables that can be associated with experiments in batch cultures. The results show that the ring index scales inversely (R 2 = 0.82) with ammonia oxidation rate (ϕ), indicating that GDGT cyclization depends on available reducing power. Correspondingly, the TEX 86 ratio decreases by an equivalent of 5.4°C of calculated temperature over a 5.5 fmol·cell −1 ·d −1 increase in ϕ. This finding reconciles other recent experiments that have identified growth stage and oxygen availability as variables affecting TEX 86 . Depth profiles from the marine water column show minimum TEX 86 values at the depth of maximum nitrification rates, consistent with our chemostat results. Our findings suggest that the TEX 86 signal exported from the water column is influenced by the dynamics of ammonia oxidation. Thus, the global TEX 86 -SST calibration potentially represents a composite of regional correlations based on nutrient dynamics and global correlations based on archaeal community composition and temperature.T he glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraether (GDGT) membrane lipids of Archaea are abundant in marine water columns and sediments. The major source of GDGTs to ocean sediments is thought to be planktonic, ammonia-oxidizing Archaea (AOA) affiliated with the phylum Thaumarchaeota (formerly Marine Group I Crenarchaeota) (1, 2). Thaumarchaeota play a primary role in the nitrogen cycle, performing the first and rate-limiting step of nitrification-namely, the oxidation of ammonia to nitrite (3-5). Accordingly, Thaumarchaeota are most abundant at the base of, or below, the euphotic zone (6-9). Based on the phylogeny of their ammonia monooxygenase gene, the planktonic Thaumarchaeota are divided into two distinct clusters, the Water Column Cluster A that is most abundant in the epi-and upper mesopelagic (above ∼200 to ∼500 m, depending on location) and the Water Column Cluster B that dominates thaumarchaeal assemblages in the deeper mesopelagic and bathypelagic (7-10). These clusters putatively represent thaumarchaeal ecotypes adapted to high and low ammonium flux, respectively (11,12).Thaumarchaeota produce GDGTs containing from zero to four cyclopentane rings (GDGT-0 to GDGT-4) or four cyclopentane rings and one additional cyclohexane ring (e.g., in crenarchaeol;...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cellular Energy Balance and The Synthesis Of Gdgts: The Redumentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of ammonia oxidation rate on thaumarchaeal lipid composition and the TEX ₈₆ temperature proxy

Hurley

Elling

Könneke

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

139

142

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“…To date, several successful archaeal lipid mixtures with conventional lipids have been characterized by various techniques, such as those with egg phosphatidylcholine [9,10], These techniques have involved fluorescence polarization and anisotropy, calcein release and proton permeation, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and more recently, also small-angle neutron scattering, small-angle X-ray scattering [5,11], nuclear magnetic resonance [12] and pressure perturbation calorimetry [13]. Priming the synthetic phospholipids with tetraether lipids result in the creation of a thermostable membrane, which can be used for stabilization of bicelles, worm-like micelles, and perforated lamellae [11].…”

Section: Accepted M Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unlike the tetraether lipids, which can form simple monolayers due to their bipolarity, monopolar C 25,25 lipids form bilayers. The unique structures and properties of bipolar tetraether lipids have been extensively studied [4,5]. However, it has been shown that the cell membrane of A. pernix and liposomes prepared solely from these C 25,25 lipids, known as archaeosomes, have some unique properties [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural characterization of liposomes made of diether archaeal lipids and dipalmitoyl-L-α-phosphatidylcholine

Gmajner¹,

Grabnar²,

Žnidarič³

et al. 2011

Biophysical Chemistry

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This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. A C C E P T E D

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“…It also must be remembered that the membranes of Archaea do not contain sterols. There is much information available on the membrane lipids of Archaea (see De Rosa, Gambacorta, and Gliozzi, 1986;Kamekura and Kates, 1988;Kates, Kushner, and Matheson, 1993;Paltauf, 1994;Kates, 1997;Kamekura and Kates, 1999;Gabriel and Chong, 2000;Koga and Morii, 2005;Bouloubassi et al, 2006;Oba, Sakata, and Tsunogai, 2006;Turich et al, 2007;Chong, 2010).…”

Section: Membrane Lipidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Archaea

Kornprobst

2014

Encyclopedia of Marine Natural Products

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The article contains sections titled: General Introduction Membrane Lipids Macrocyclic Dialkyl Glycerol Diethers Paleotemperatures Index: TEX 86 and BIT Index Pranylquinones Cyclic Polysulfides Bacteriorhodopsin of Halophiles Extremozymes

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Archaebacterial bipolar tetraether lipids: Physico-chemical and membrane properties

Cited by 129 publications

References 158 publications

Influence of ammonia oxidation rate on thaumarchaeal lipid composition and the TEX ₈₆ temperature proxy

Influence of ammonia oxidation rate on thaumarchaeal lipid composition and the TEX ₈₆ temperature proxy

Structural characterization of liposomes made of diether archaeal lipids and dipalmitoyl-L-α-phosphatidylcholine

Archaea

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Archaebacterial bipolar tetraether lipids: Physico-chemical and membrane properties

Cited by 129 publications

References 158 publications

Influence of ammonia oxidation rate on thaumarchaeal lipid composition and the TEX 86 temperature proxy

Influence of ammonia oxidation rate on thaumarchaeal lipid composition and the TEX 86 temperature proxy

Structural characterization of liposomes made of diether archaeal lipids and dipalmitoyl-L-α-phosphatidylcholine

Archaea

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Product

Resources

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Influence of ammonia oxidation rate on thaumarchaeal lipid composition and the TEX ₈₆ temperature proxy

Influence of ammonia oxidation rate on thaumarchaeal lipid composition and the TEX ₈₆ temperature proxy