Archaeogenomic evidence reveals prehistoric matrilineal dynasty

Kennett, Douglas J.; Plog, Stephen; George, Richard J.; Culleton, Brendan J.; Watson, Adam; Skoglund, Pontus; Rohland, Nadin; Mallick, Swapan; Stewardson, Kristin; Kistler, Logan; LeBlanc, Steven A.; Whiteley, Peter M.; Reich, David; Perry, George H.

doi:10.1038/ncomms14115

Cited by 232 publications

(183 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Collagen was then directly AMS 14 C dated (Beta, AA) or further purified using ultrafiltration (PSU, UCIAMS, OxA, Poz, MAMS). 66 It is standard in some laboratories (PSU/UCIAMS, OxA) to use stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes as an additional quality control measure. For these samples, the %C, %N and C:N ratios were evaluated before AMS 14 C dating.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The genomic history of southeastern Europe

Mathieson

Alpaslan-Roodenberg

Posth

et al. 2018

Nature

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538

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Farming was first introduced to Europe in the mid-7th millennium BCE–associated with migrants from Anatolia who settled in the Southeast before spreading throughout Europe. To understand the dynamics of this process, we analyzed genome-wide ancient DNA data from 225 individuals who lived in southeastern Europe and surrounding regions between 12,000 and 500 BCE. We document a West-East cline of ancestry in indigenous hunter-gatherers and–in far-eastern Europe–early stages in the formation of Bronze Age Steppe ancestry. We show that the first farmers of northern and western Europe passed through southeastern Europe with limited hunter-gatherer admixture, but that some groups that remained mixed extensively, without the male-biased hunter-gatherer admixture that prevailed later in the North and West. Southeastern Europe continued to be a nexus between East and West, with intermittent genetic contact with the Steppe up to 2000 years before the migrations that replaced much of northern Europe’s population.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The genomic history of southeastern Europe

Mathieson

Alpaslan-Roodenberg

Posth

et al. 2018

Nature

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538

518

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“…Collagen was then directly AMS 14 C dated (ISGS, Pta) or further purified using ultrafiltration (PSUAMS, UCIAMS, OxA, Wk, Beta) (Brown et al, 1988; Kennett et al, 2017) or a modified XAD method (Lohse et al, 2014; Stafford et al, 1991). It is standard in some laboratories (PSUAMS, UCIAMS, Wk, OxA) to use stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes as an additional quality control measure.…”

Section: Star Methods Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstructing Prehistoric African Population Structure

Skoglund

Thompson

Prendergast

et al. 2017

Cell

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Summary We assembled genome-wide data from 16 prehistoric Africans. We show that the anciently divergent lineage that comprises the primary ancestry of the southern African San had a wider distribution in the past, contributing ~2/3 of the ancestry of Malawi hunter-gatherers ~8100–2500 years ago, and ~1/3 of Tanzanian hunter-gatherers ~1400 years ago. We document how the spread of farmers from western Africa involved complete replacement of local hunter-gatherers in some regions, and we track the spread of herders by showing that the population of a ~3100 year-old pastoralist from Tanzania contributed ancestry to people from northeast to southern Africa, including a ~1200-year-old southern African pastoralist. The deepest diversifications of African lineages were complex, involving long-distance gene flow, or a lineage more deeply diverging than that of the San contributing more to some western Africans than others. We finally leverage ancient genomes to document episodes of natural selection in southern African populations.

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“…We also used stable carbon and nitrogen isotope measurements to determine the marine reservoir correction for each individual as described below. The detailed bone preparation and quality control methods we used for the newly reported dates from PSUAMS and UCIAMS are reported elsewhere [33, 35]. …”

Section: Star Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population Turnover in Remote Oceania Shortly after Initial Settlement

et al. 2018

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Ancient DNA from Vanuatu and Tonga dating to about 2,900-2,600 years ago (before present, BP) has revealed that the "First Remote Oceanians" associated with the Lapita archaeological culture were directly descended from the population that, beginning around 5000 BP, spread Austronesian languages from Taiwan to the Philippines, western Melanesia, and eventually Remote Oceania. Thus, ancestors of the First Remote Oceanians must have passed by the Papuan-ancestry populations they encountered in New Guinea, the Bismarck Archipelago, and the Solomon Islands with minimal admixture [1]. However, all present-day populations in Near and Remote Oceania harbor >25% Papuan ancestry, implying that additional eastward migration must have occurred. We generated genome-wide data for 14 ancient individuals from Efate and Epi Islands in Vanuatu from 2900-150 BP, as well as 185 present-day individuals from 18 islands. We find that people of almost entirely Papuan ancestry arrived in Vanuatu by around 2300 BP, most likely reflecting migrations a few hundred years earlier at the end of the Lapita period, when there is also evidence of changes in skeletal morphology and cessation of long-distance trade between Near and Remote Oceania [2, 3]. Papuan ancestry was subsequently diluted through admixture but remains at least 80%-90% in most islands. Through a fine-grained analysis of ancestry profiles, we show that the Papuan ancestry in Vanuatu derives from the Bismarck Archipelago rather than the geographically closer Solomon Islands. However, the Papuan ancestry in Polynesia-the most remote Pacific islands-derives from different sources, documenting a third stream of migration from Near to Remote Oceania.

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Archaeogenomic evidence reveals prehistoric matrilineal dynasty

Cited by 232 publications

References 55 publications

The genomic history of southeastern Europe

The genomic history of southeastern Europe

Reconstructing Prehistoric African Population Structure

Population Turnover in Remote Oceania Shortly after Initial Settlement

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