Archaeopalynological Preparation Techniques

Magri, Donatella; Rita, Federico Di

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-19944-3_27

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Pollen grains are tricolpate, ranging from 18–27 μm, with micro-rugulate ornamentation. Unlike SEM references for Vitaceae [ 49 ], no porus was observed along the colpi.…”

Section: Supporting Informationcontrasting

confidence: 60%

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Archaeobotanical and chemical investigations on wine amphorae from San Felice Circeo (Italy) shed light on grape beverages at the Roman time

Chassouant

Celant

Delpino³

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

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We hereby investigate the pitch used for coating three Roman amphorae from San Felice Circeo (Italy) through a multidisciplinary study. The identification of molecular biomarkers by gas chromatography—mass spectrometry is combined with archaeobotanical evidence of pollen and plant tissues of Vitis flowers. Diterpenic chemical markers together with Pinus pollen and wood revealed Pinaceae tar coating. Aporate 3-zonocolpate pollen, identified as Vitis, together with tartaric, malic and pyruvic acids elucidate the grape-fermented nature of the content. Our conclusions open new consideration on the use of grape derivatives that cannot be supported by traditional analytical methods. Based on the finds of aporate Vitis pollen, found also in local modern and Middle Pleistocene samples, we hypothesize the use of autochthonous vines. The presence of a medicinal wine (historically reported as oenanthium) is also considered. We interrogate Vitis pollen capacity to target grapevine domestication, thereby providing innovative tools to understand such an important process. We anticipate our study to encourage a more systematic multidisciplinary approach regarding the analyses of wine amphorae.

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“…Pollen grains are tricolpate, ranging from 18–27 μm, with micro-rugulate ornamentation. Unlike SEM references for Vitaceae [ 49 ], no porus was observed along the colpi.…”

Section: Supporting Informationcontrasting

confidence: 60%

“…Modern pollen was acetolyzed following the standard procedure [ 49 ]. Modern fruits from Vitis vinifera subsp.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Archaeobotanical and chemical investigations on wine amphorae from San Felice Circeo (Italy) shed light on grape beverages at the Roman time

Chassouant

Celant

Delpino³

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

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“…Pollen analysis was carried out on 62 samples. Pollen extraction followed the standard procedures summarized by Magri and Di Rita (2015). Pollen grains and NPPs were identified by light microscope at 400 and 640 magnifications, with the help of both pollen morphology atlases (e.g., Reille, 1992b;Beug, 2004) and NPPs reference articles (e.g., van Geel, 2001;Cugny et al, 2010;Gelorini et al, 2011).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural and anthropogenic dynamics of the coastal environment in northwestern Corsica (western Mediterranean) over the past six millennia

Rita

Ghilardi

Fagel

et al. 2022

Quaternary Science Reviews

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The present paper provides new insights into the climatic and anthropic factors that influenced a 6000year coastal evolution in northwestern Corsica, the third largest island of the western Mediterranean. Pollen, microcharcoal, sedimentary and geochemical analyses were carried out on a core drilled in the Crovani coastal wetland to reconstruct the regional drivers of landscape change. We show that anthropogenic and climate-induced fires favoured the development of Mediterranean maquis, dominated by Erica and Quercus ilex, from ca. 6000 to 3350 cal. BP. A change in arboreal vegetation triggered a short but intense sediment input in the Crovani pond between ca. 3350 and 3200 cal. BP. This is consistent with a coeval process of runoff recorded in several coastal sites of western Corsica and related to an arid climate change occurred in many sites of the western Mediterranean around 3200 years ago. We provide evidence of agriculture during the Late Neolithic from ca. 3900 BC, which is much earlier than any archaeological evidence previously available in this area of Corsica, followed by a progressive decline of arable farming practices. Human impact has been responsible for a degradation of the maquis only from approximately 3000 cal. BP, and it intensified in Roman times, when the area experienced the first phase of galena exploitation from the Argentella mines. Over the last 500 years, the present work evidences a major development of Castanea related to cultivation during the Genoese administration of Corsica. Our findings suggest that solar activity and the North Atlantic Oscillation had an influence on centennial-scale forest cover variations during the last 6000 years.

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“…Aeropalynology can be used to identify phytoecological groups in the atmosphere which is supposed to be a representation of the regional vegetation. In Anyigba, Kogi State, Essien and Nkang [22] recovered 47 airborne palynomorphs (pollen types) from 29 plant families through the pollen analysis after collecting samples for both dry and wet seasons. They found three major vegetation types (forest, savanna and human impacted).…”

Section: Aeropalynologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Past and Present Vegetation Dynamics Using the Palynological Approach: An Introductory Discourse

Obigba¹

2022

Vegetation Index and Dynamics

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Palynology is a multi-disciplinary field of science that deals with the study and application of extinct, [fossilised] and extant palynomorphs (pollen and spore) and other related microscopic biological entities in the environment. It is divided into palaeo- and actuo-palynology, and provides substantial proxies to understanding past and present vegetation dynamics respectively. With reference to the two geological principles of uniformitarianism and of the evolution of fauna/flora, the distribution of plant indicators across ecological zones, palynomorph morphology and pollen analysis, palynology can be used to identify the change in past and present local and regional vegetation and climate and humans impact on the environment. Other supportive areas of endeavour like radiocarbon dating, sedimentology, taphonomic processes and geomorphology can be used to triangulate inferences drawn from palynological data. Palynomorphs are made of outer cell walls embedded with an inert, complex and resistant biopolymeric signature (called sporopollenin) which helps to facilitate long term preservation in different environmental matrices under favourable conditions, hence its widespread applicability. Palynology have proven to very reliable in reconstructing past vegetation, decrypting essential honeybee plants and understanding the impact of climate on plant population using pollen analysis, for which is the basis for the application of palynology in environmental studies. The application of palynology in climate, vegetation and anthropogenic studies begins with the selection of matrix (sediments from lake, river, ocean, excavation, relatively intact soil profile, bee products), coring or collection of samples, subjection to a series of chemically aided digestion, separation, physical filtration, decanting, accumulating of palynomorphs, microscopic study and ends with the interpretation of recovered information. Literature review on the application of palynology for understanding vegetation and climate interactions is presented in this paper.

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Archaeopalynological Preparation Techniques

Cited by 9 publications

References 11 publications

Archaeobotanical and chemical investigations on wine amphorae from San Felice Circeo (Italy) shed light on grape beverages at the Roman time

Archaeobotanical and chemical investigations on wine amphorae from San Felice Circeo (Italy) shed light on grape beverages at the Roman time

Natural and anthropogenic dynamics of the coastal environment in northwestern Corsica (western Mediterranean) over the past six millennia

Understanding Past and Present Vegetation Dynamics Using the Palynological Approach: An Introductory Discourse

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