Archamoebae

Walker, Gordon; Zadrobílková, Eliška; Čepička, Ivan

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-28149-0_11

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 123 publications

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“…Although their exact life cycles are largely uncharacterised, their cellular phenotypes are polymorphic [ 47 ]. Many members of Archamoebae studied to date, e.g., Mastigamoeba , can produce some or all of the following cell types: flagellates, aflagellate amoebas, large multinucleate amoebas, and cysts [ 36 , 47 , 48 ]. Parasitic members, e.g., Entamoeba , have lost the flagellar apparatus but can still undergo encystation, which is an essential stage of their life cycle.…”

Section: A Parallel World Of Multicellular Complexity: the Evolution Of Social Amoebasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of Multicellular Complexity in The Dictyostelid Social Amoebas

Kin

Schaap

2021

Genes

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Multicellularity evolved repeatedly in the history of life, but how it unfolded varies greatly between different lineages. Dictyostelid social amoebas offer a good system to study the evolution of multicellular complexity, with a well-resolved phylogeny and molecular genetic tools being available. We compare the life cycles of the Dictyostelids with closely related amoebozoans to show that complex life cycles were already present in the unicellular common ancestor of Dictyostelids. We propose frost resistance as an early driver of multicellular evolution in Dictyostelids and show that the cell signalling pathways for differentiating spore and stalk cells evolved from that for encystation. The stalk cell differentiation program was further modified, possibly through gene duplication, to evolve a new cell type, cup cells, in Group 4 Dictyostelids. Studies in various multicellular organisms, including Dictyostelids, volvocine algae, and metazoans, suggest as a common principle in the evolution of multicellular complexity that unicellular regulatory programs for adapting to environmental change serve as “proto-cell types” for subsequent evolution of multicellular organisms. Later, new cell types could further evolve by duplicating and diversifying the “proto-cell type” gene regulatory networks.

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Section: A Parallel World Of Multicellular Complexity: the Evolution Of Social Amoebasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of Multicellular Complexity in The Dictyostelid Social Amoebas

Kin

Schaap

2021

Genes

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“…paradoxa (Chistyakova et al, 2014; Frolov, Chistyakova, et al, 2005; Frolov, Chystyakova, et al, 2011). According to modern views, kinetosomes of pelomyxae may be associated with some elements of the flagellar rootlet system such as radial microtubules, basal microtubules, and the lateral microtubular rootlet, while the overall organization of their rootlet system is species‐specific (Chistyakova, Berdieva, et al, 2020; Chistyakova et al, 2013; Frolov, 2011; Walker et al, 2017). In P .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since there is no standard cultivation technique for long‐term maintenance of pelomyxae in the laboratory (Walker et al, 2017), we studied the cells isolated from samples of bottom sediments. The samples were stored in a refrigerator at 10°C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most Pelomyxa spp. have immotile or slow‐moving flagella uninvolved in cell locomotion (Chistyakova, Berdieva, et al, 2020; Chistyakova et al, 2013; Frolov, 2011; Panek et al, 2016; Ptáčková et al, 2013; Walker et al, 2017). The cytoplasm of most pelomyxae has a “foamy” appearance due to the abundance of optically empty vacuoles, the so‐called structural vacuoles (Andresen et al, 1968; Chistyakova et al, 2013; Goodkov & Seravin, 1991).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Pelomyxa doughnuta sp. nov. (Archamoebea, Pelobiontida) with an unusual nucleus‐glycogen association

Chistyakova

Berdieva

Goodkov

et al. 2022

J Eukaryotic Microbiology

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We described Pelomyxa doughnuta sp. nov. and examined it with the use of light, electron, and immunofluorescence microscopy as well as cytochemical methods. The cells of P. doughnuta sp. nov. are usually binuclear, although cells with one, three, or four nuclei are sometimes found in the population. A unique feature of the new species is a dense capsule around the nucleus. It consists of a continuous layer of glycogen 5–20 µm thick. The tubulin cytoskeleton is mainly represented by perinuclear microtubules. P. doughnuta sp. nov. has a filamentous glycocalyx and strongly reduced components of flagellar apparatus. Obligate prokaryotic endocytobionts of two morphotypes are present in the cytoplasm.

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“…The MROs of Mastigamoeba balamuthi and Pelomyxa schiedti additionally house metabolic pathways connected to glycine cleavage, iron-sulphur (Fe-S) cluster synthesis, and pyruvate metabolism concomitant to hydrogen production [28][29][30]. To elucidate trends shaping the biology and metabolism of mitochondria, we compare these three MROs to organelles of five additional Archamoebae species from diverse habitats that represent multiple lineages of this clade [31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of mitochondrion-related organelles in anaerobic amoebozoans

Záhonová,

Füssy,

Stairs

et al. 2023

Microbial Genomics

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Archamoebae comprises free-living or endobiotic amoebiform protists that inhabit anaerobic or microaerophilic environments and possess mitochondrion-related organelles (MROs) adapted to function anaerobically. We compared in silico reconstructed MRO proteomes of eight species (six genera) and found that the common ancestor of Archamoebae possessed very few typical components of the protein translocation machinery, electron transport chain and tricarboxylic acid cycle. On the other hand, it contained a sulphate activation pathway and bacterial iron–sulphur (Fe-S) assembly system of MIS-type. The metabolic capacity of the MROs, however, varies markedly within this clade. The glycine cleavage system is widely conserved among Archamoebae, except in Entamoeba, probably owing to its role in catabolic function or one-carbon metabolism. MRO-based pyruvate metabolism was dispensed within subgroups Entamoebidae and Rhizomastixidae, whereas sulphate activation could have been lost in isolated cases of Rhizomastix libera, Mastigamoeba abducta and Endolimax sp. The MIS (Fe-S) assembly system was duplicated in the common ancestor of Mastigamoebidae and Pelomyxidae, and one of the copies took over Fe-S assembly in their MRO. In Entamoebidae and Rhizomastixidae, we hypothesize that Fe-S cluster assembly in both compartments may be facilitated by dual localization of the single system. We could not find evidence for changes in metabolic functions of the MRO in response to changes in habitat; it appears that such environmental drivers do not strongly affect MRO reduction in this group of eukaryotes.

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Archamoebae

Cited by 7 publications

References 123 publications

Evolution of Multicellular Complexity in The Dictyostelid Social Amoebas

Evolution of Multicellular Complexity in The Dictyostelid Social Amoebas

Pelomyxa doughnuta sp. nov. (Archamoebea, Pelobiontida) with an unusual nucleus‐glycogen association

Comparative analysis of mitochondrion-related organelles in anaerobic amoebozoans

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