Archean diamonds from Wawa (Canada): samples from deep cratonic roots predating cratonization of the Superior Province

Stachel, Thomas; Banas, Anetta; Muehlenbachs, Karlis; Kurszlaukis, S.; Walker, Edward C.

doi:10.1007/s00410-006-0090-7

Cited by 61 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Lynx (large dots, n = 4, this study), Wawa (crosses, n = 5, Stachel et al 2006) and Renard (triangle, n = 1, Hunt et al 2008). Small dots: peridotitic garnet inclusions in diamond from the southern African (n = 109, Viljoen et al 1999, Stachel et al 2004 and Siberian (n = 52, Sobolev 1977, Sobolev et al 1978, 1984 In terms of an Fe-Cu-Ni diagram, the compositions all correspond to monosulfide solid-solution (mss) in equilibrium with metal sulfide liquid (L) field at 1000°C after Craig & Kullerud (1969) (Fig.…”

Section: Fig 7 Plot Of Weight % Cao Versus Cr 2 O 3 For Garnet Inclmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…6, 7). Diamond-inclusion data have been published for only two other localities in the Superior craton, Wawa (De Stefano et al 2006, Stachel et al 2006 and Renard (Hunt et al 2008).…”

Section: Comparison Of Lynx Diamond Inclusions With Other Superior Anmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Only studies from suites in Wawa, Ontario (De Stefano et al 2006, Stachel et al 2006) and the nearby Renard, Quebec (Hunt et al 2008), kimberlitic bodies have been published. To address the paucity of data for the Superior craton, we present a study of diamond crystals and their mineral inclusions from the Lynx kimberlite, also in Quebec.…”

Section: (Traduit Par La Rédaction)mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The largest exposed Archean craton in the world, the ~2.7 Ga Superior craton (Davis 2002), constitutes most of the eastern half of Canada. This craton is host to numerous occurrences of kimberlite and other rocks that have arisen from deep within the lithosphere: Wawa (e.g., Lefebvre et al 2003, De Stefano et al 2006, Stachel et al 2006, Attawapiskat (e.g., Scully 2000, Webb et al 2004, Kirkland Lake (e.g., Vicker 1997), Temiscamingue (e.g., Heaman et al 2004), and the Foxtrot property in the central Otish Mountains, Quebec (Fig. 1a).…”

Section: Background Informationmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…7). Whereas four of the five reported inclusions of garnet in diamond from Wawa have a significant majorite component (Stachel et al 2006), only pyrope Lynx20-1 could be considered to have a small component of majorite (approximately 0.038 apfu Si at the octahedral site, based on [O] = 12 apfu).…”

Section: Comparison Of Lynx Diamond Inclusions With Other Superior Anmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Diamond Crystals and Their Mineral Inclusions From the Lynx Kimberlite Dyke Complex, Central Quebec

Rythoven¹,

McCandless²,

Schulze³

et al. 2011

The Canadian Mineralogist

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Lynx is a 522 Ma kimberlite dyke complex located in the Otish Mountains of central Quebec, Canada. Test sampling of the Lynx kimberlite yielded 6598 macrodiamond samples from 528 t of kimberlite. Single crystals strongly dominate the population, with only 14% of the macrodiamond portion consisting of macles and aggregates. Within the single crystals, 41% are dominated by octahedral surface features, and the remaining ones are partially resorbed tetrahexahedroida. Brown is the most common color among the tetrahexahedroida, with only 22% gray to colorless stones comprising the remainder. In contrast, the octahedra are roughly equal in numbers of brown, gray and colorless stones. A subset of twenty stones was selected in the -11 to +3 DTC (0.256 c to 0.67 c) range of circular sieve sizes on the basis of visible inclusions. These have octahedral primary growth-forms and include three macles and three aggregates of octahedra. Most of the samples are significantly resorbed; they range from octahedra with rounded corners and edges to tetrahexahedroida. Shield laminae, serrate laminae, and hillocks are the most common resorption-related surface features. The stones were cut and polished along single planes to expose mineral inclusions for analysis and to allow imaging of internal structure of the diamond relative to the inclusions. Cathodoluminescence imaging revealed deformation lamellae in most of the polished crystals. Some exhibit deformation lamellae truncated by growth or resorption zones or intersections of different crystallographic planes. Oscillatory patterns of planar growth with complex cores are most common. Inclusions, particularly of olivine, typically occur in core and early growth regions of the diamond crystals. Primary inclusions exposed by polishing are magnesian olivine, chromian diopside, chromian pyropic garnet, magnesian orthopyroxene, omphacite, and sulfide. The chromian diopside inclusions yield equilibration conditions in the range of 58-60 kbar and 1250-1280°C that correspond to conditions slightly below a 42 mW/m 2 surface heat-flow geothermal gradient. The most iron-rich olivine inclusion (mg# = 0.916) occurs with the diopside inclusions, suggesting a relatively fertile lherzolitic component of mantle at 180-190 km depth. The garnet data indicate that within the peridotite parentage, both harzburgitic (three G10, 12.4-13.7 wt.% Cr 2 O 3 , 3.7-4.4 wt.% CaO) and lherzolitic (one G9, 8.9 wt.% Cr 2 O 3 , 5.8 wt.% CaO) parageneses are present.

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Section: Fig 7 Plot Of Weight % Cao Versus Cr 2 O 3 For Garnet Inclmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…6, 7). Diamond-inclusion data have been published for only two other localities in the Superior craton, Wawa (De Stefano et al 2006, Stachel et al 2006 and Renard (Hunt et al 2008).…”

Section: Comparison Of Lynx Diamond Inclusions With Other Superior Anmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: (Traduit Par La Rédaction)mentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Background Informationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Comparison Of Lynx Diamond Inclusions With Other Superior Anmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Diamond Crystals and Their Mineral Inclusions From the Lynx Kimberlite Dyke Complex, Central Quebec

Rythoven¹,

McCandless²,

Schulze³

et al. 2011

The Canadian Mineralogist

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The building and stabilization of an Archean Craton in the Superior Province, Canada, from a heat flow perspective

et al. 2014

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How continental lithosphere responds to tectonic stresses and mantle convective processes is determined in large part by its mechanical strength and temperature distribution, which depend on crustal heat production. In order to establish reliable crustal and thermal models for the Superior Craton, Canadian Shield, new measurements of heat flux and heat production in 28 deep boreholes at 16 sites are combined with a larger set of older data. The Superior Province was assembled by the docking of volcanic/plutonic and metasedimentary terranes and continental fragments to the southern margin of an older core around 2.7 Ga. The average heat flux is much lower in the craton core than in the accreted terranes, 31 versus 43 mW m −2 . The major accreted volcanic/plutonic belts share the same heat production characteristics, testifying to the remarkable uniformity of crust-building mechanisms. The marked difference between the crusts of the core and the accreted belts supports the operation of two different crust-forming processes. The crust of the craton core has an enriched upper layer, in contrast to that of the younger belts which lack marked internal differentiation. At the end of amalgamation, the lithosphere of the craton core was colder and mechanically stronger than the lithosphere beneath newly accreted material. Surrounding the craton core with weaker belts may have ensured its stability against tectonic and mantle convection perturbations. This large strength contrast accounts for the lack of lithospheric imbrication at the edge of the craton core as well as for the different characteristics of seismic anisotropy in the lithospheres of the craton core and the younger terranes.

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Crustal Evolution and Deformation in a Non-Plate-Tectonic Archaean Earth: Comparisons with Venus

Harris

Bédard

2013

Modern Approaches in Solid Earth Sciences

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Archean diamonds from Wawa (Canada): samples from deep cratonic roots predating cratonization of the Superior Province

Cited by 61 publications

References 62 publications

Diamond Crystals and Their Mineral Inclusions From the Lynx Kimberlite Dyke Complex, Central Quebec

Diamond Crystals and Their Mineral Inclusions From the Lynx Kimberlite Dyke Complex, Central Quebec

The building and stabilization of an Archean Craton in the Superior Province, Canada, from a heat flow perspective

Crustal Evolution and Deformation in a Non-Plate-Tectonic Archaean Earth: Comparisons with Venus

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