Archeomagnetic intensity investigations of French medieval ceramic workshops: Contribution to regional field modeling and archeointensity-based dating

Genevey, Agnès; Gallet, Yves; Thébault, Erwan; Livermore, Philip W.; Fournier, Alexandre; Jesset, Sébastien; Lefèvre, Annie; Mahé-Hourlier, N.; Marot, E.; Regnard, S.

doi:10.1016/j.pepi.2021.106750

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…According to another approach, adopted here following Livermore et al. ( 6 ), the datum to be dated is included in the Bayesian procedure used to produce the curve ( 12 – 15 ). Another common practice that has been in use in the Levant ( 16 – 19 ) and is also applied here is the comparison of results from different sites in order to negate or support hypotheses of contemporaneity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstructing biblical military campaigns using geomagnetic field data

Vaknin

Shaar

Lipschits

et al. 2022

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The Hebrew Bible and other ancient Near Eastern texts describe Egyptian, Aramean, Assyrian, and Babylonian military campaigns to the Southern Levant during the 10th to sixth centuries BCE. Indeed, many destruction layers dated to this period have been unearthed in archaeological excavations. Several of these layers are securely linked to specific campaigns and are widely accepted as chronological anchors. However, the dating of many other destruction layers is often debated, challenging the ability to accurately reconstruct the different military campaigns and raising questions regarding the historicity of the biblical narrative. Here, we present a synchronization of the historically dated chronological anchors and other destruction layers and artifacts using the direction and/or intensity of the ancient geomagnetic field recorded in mud bricks from 20 burnt destruction layers and in two ceramic assemblages. During the period in question, the geomagnetic field in this region was extremely anomalous with rapid changes and high-intensity values, including spikes of more than twice the intensity of today’s field. The data are useful in the effort to pinpoint these short-term variations on the timescale, and they resolve chronological debates regarding the campaigns against the kingdoms of Israel and Judah, the relationship between the two kingdoms, and their administrations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstructing biblical military campaigns using geomagnetic field data

Vaknin

Shaar

Lipschits

et al. 2022

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…However, global models are smoothed by design, as they require a tradeoff between model complexity and fit to heterogeneous data. Regional intensity curves provide important insights into field behavior (Cai et al., 2017 ; Garcia et al., 2021 ; Genevey et al., 2016 , 2021 ; Rivero‐Montero et al., 2021 ; Schnepp et al., 2020 ), but they depend on the quality of the underlying source data. One of the most significant limiting factors for both global and regional field modeling is the precision and accuracy of the published ages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Archaeomagnetism in the Levant and Mesopotamia Reveals the Largest Changes in the Geomagnetic Field

et al. 2022

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Our understanding of geomagnetic field intensity prior to the era of direct instrumental measurements relies on paleointensity analysis of rocks and archaeological materials that serve as magnetic recorders. Only in rare cases are absolute paleointensity data sets continuous over millennial timescales, in sub‐centennial resolution, and directly dated using radiocarbon. As a result, fundamental properties of the geomagnetic field, such as its maximum intensity and rate of change have remained a subject of lively discussion. Here, we place firm constraints on these two quantities using Bayesian modeling of well‐dated archaeomagnetic intensity data from the Levant and Upper Mesopotamia. We report new data from 23 groups of pottery collected from 18 consecutive radiocarbon‐dated archaeological strata from Tel Megiddo, Israel. In the Near East, the period of 1700–550 BCE is represented by 84 groups of archaeological artifacts, 55 of which were dated using radiocarbon or a direct link to clear historically dated events, providing unprecedented sub‐century resolution. Moreover, stratigraphic relationships between samples collected from multi‐layered sites enable further refinement of the data ages. The Bayesian curve shows four geomagnetic spikes between 1050 and 600 BCE, with virtual axial dipole moment (VADM) reaching values of 155–162 ZAm2, much higher than any prediction from geomagnetic field models. Rates of change associated with the four spikes are ∼0.35–0.55 μT/year (∼0.7–1.1 ZAm2/year), at least twice the maximum rate inferred from direct observations spanning the past 180 years. The increase from 1750 to 1030 BCE (73–161 ZAm2) depicts the Holocene's largest change in field intensity.

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“…The archeointensity protocol developed specifically for the Triaxe magnetometer has proven to be effective and reliable, which does not preclude for further improvements, such as the one based on the AutoR'(Ti) data presented in this study. It has already been used in the acquisition of data in Western Europe, the Near East and Central Asia (Shaar et al, 2020;Genevey et al, 2021;Troyano et al, 2021). The Triaxe archeointensity data obtained in Western Europe, in particular, had led to the novel and intriguing observation of a ~260-year pseudo-periodicity in the occurrence of intensity peaks over the past 1700 years (Genevey et al, 2016Livermore et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%