Architectural Design Evaluation: Recent Reform of the Singapore Green Mark to Prompt a Hypothesized Revolution of the Green Building Rating System

Song, Yifan; Lau, Ssy; Lau, Siu‐Kit

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-80034-5_14

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In TEF, the number of individual variables (30) is nearly twice that of universal variables (16), indicating that the peculiarity of the ADR credit systems of six GBRSs is far greater than their commonality. ASGB has the most individual variables (8), followed by ASHB (7), LBC (6), WELL (4), GM (3), and LEED (2). The ratios calculated in the last row of each section are shown in Figures 2-4.…”

Section: Theoretical Evaluation Framework (Tef) Establishment and Cor...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, architects and "green" have been at odds from the early GB movement [2][3][4][5]. GB's initial focus, influenced by modern technology, is to achieve the goal of energy and resource conservation through technological and mechanical knowledge mainly possessed by engineers [6]. Almost all GBRSs in this context featured an energy-or resource-based hierarchy with mechanical components and active technologies, allowing their performance can be quantified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The performance evaluation of GBRSs mostly relies on simulation results that provide scientific support for the optimization of architects' passive design. As mentioned in the study [6], it is only by going back and forth between design and simulation that great designs can be produced. Both design variables and performance variables are indispensable for AD.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Comparative Study on Architectural Design-Related Requirements of Green Building Rating Systems for New Buildings

Song

Lau

et al. 2023

Buildings

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Design teams’ work is greatly influenced by green building rating systems (GBRSs). Early GBRSs that had an energy- or resource-based hierarchy and prioritized mechanical components and active technologies were unable to adequately support the architectural design (AD). Due to the recent rise in awareness of the importance of AD in the creation of GBs, many GBRSs may now improve requirements pertaining to AD. However, it has not been examined in earlier studies. As a result, this study uses a comparative approach, content analysis, and significance evaluation to examine the effectiveness of six GBRSs as applied to AD in terms of significance, inclusiveness, comprehensiveness, and certainty. Six GBRSs include Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED), Assessment Standard for Green Building (ASGB), Green Mark (GM), WELL Building Standard (WELL), Assessment Standard for Healthy Building (ASHB), and Living Building Challenge (LBC). A heuristic theoretical evaluation framework (TEF) is developed with the goal of providing guidelines and references for the improvement of GBRSs and the strategic idea of AD. There are four key findings. Firstly, LBC assigns the highest and certain weight to AD, followed by LEED and ASGB, then ASHB, and finally GM and WELL. Secondly, green and regeneration GBRSs emphasize resource, environment, and physiological health, while wellbeing GBRSs emphasize physiological and psychological health. Thirdly, GM, ASGB, WELL, and ASHB are the most inclusive and comprehensive in process, resource, and environment, physiological health, and sociological and psychological health, respectively. Fourthly, LBC performs best in setting mandatory requirements in included aspects.

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Section: Theoretical Evaluation Framework (Tef) Establishment and Cor...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Comparative Study on Architectural Design-Related Requirements of Green Building Rating Systems for New Buildings

Song

Lau

et al. 2023

Buildings

Self Cite

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“…Consequently, buildings in such areas should adopt simplified and compact designs to increase SVF, as observed in locations such as Central in Hong Kong and Lujiazui in Shanghai. Introducing concepts such as "aerial clusters", "multiple ground layers", and "green return rates" in building design can enhance the economic and ecological sustainability of vertical cities [42]. It is crucial to consider and appropriately adapt the concept of green return rates to local climates in architectural design practices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Correlation Analysis between Urban Morphological Factors and Microclimate Based on Empirical Methods on a University Campus in a Hot-Summer–Cold-Winter Region

Wei

Song

et al. 2023

Buildings

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With the continuous progress of urbanization, contemporary scholars are increasingly focusing their attention on the study of urban microclimates. This research aims to investigate the relationship between urban morphology and microclimates in regions characterized by hot summers and cold winters. Environmental meteorological data, including temperature, solar radiation, and wind speed during the spring and summer seasons, were collected through on-site monitoring in a specific area of Shanghai. Various methods, such as on-site surveys and drone photography, were employed to obtain and analyze a range of urban morphological parameters, including floor area ratio (FAR) and greenery ratio (GnPR). The sky view factor (SVF) was determined using a fisheye lens technique. Subsequently, the collected datasets were analyzed to assess the varying impact of distinct urban morphological factors on microclimates. The findings indicate a significant correlation between different building morphology factors and temperature and solar radiation during spring, while their associations with wind speed become more prominent in summer. Notably, greenery and pavement demonstrate stronger correlations with temperature and radiation in summer, aligning with the seasonal growth patterns of plants. These research findings provide both a theoretical foundation and practical guidelines for the urban design of environmental microclimates.

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Architectural Design Evaluation: Recent Reform of the Singapore Green Mark to Prompt a Hypothesized Revolution of the Green Building Rating System

Cited by 2 publications

References 11 publications

A Comparative Study on Architectural Design-Related Requirements of Green Building Rating Systems for New Buildings

A Comparative Study on Architectural Design-Related Requirements of Green Building Rating Systems for New Buildings

Study on the Correlation Analysis between Urban Morphological Factors and Microclimate Based on Empirical Methods on a University Campus in a Hot-Summer–Cold-Winter Region

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