Architectural differences between the hamstring muscles

Kellis, Eleftherios; Galanis, Nikiforos; Kapetanos, G.; Natsis, Konstantinos

doi:10.1016/j.jelekin.2012.03.012

Cited by 94 publications

(127 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The muscle architecture values are in accordance to the in vivo (Chleboun et al, 2001;Potier et al, 2009) (Kellis et al, 2012). On other hand, fascicle length values for semitendinosus were lower than in vitro studies (13 to 19 cm) (Kellis et al, 2012;Ward et al, 2009;Woodley and Mercer, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…On other hand, fascicle length values for semitendinosus were lower than in vitro studies (13 to 19 cm) (Kellis et al, 2012;Ward et al, 2009;Woodley and Mercer, 2005). This can be explained by the large variability of muscle architecture along the whole length of the hamstring components resulting in fascicles ranging from 5.2 to 18.3 cm (Woodley and Mercer, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

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Reliability of biceps femoris and semitendinosus muscle architecture measurements obtained with ultrasonography

2016

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Introduction: Currently, little attention is given to the muscle architecture reliability studies of the hamstring using a robust statistical. Our purpose was to determine the reliability of ultrasound measurements of muscle thickness, fascicle length and pennation angle of the biceps femoris and semitendinosus muscles, including heteroskedasticity and internal consistency analyses. Methods: Two images of biceps femoris and semitendinosus at 50% of the thigh length were acquired from 21 volunteers, in two visits. The parameters were measured three times in each image, and for each muscle. The reliability was analyzed by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Cronbach's alpha (αCronbach). The relative standard error of the measurements (%SEM) were calculated and Bland-Altman plots were generated.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Reliability of biceps femoris and semitendinosus muscle architecture measurements obtained with ultrasonography

2016

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“…A muscle with relatively long fi bers (a large number of sarcomeres arranged in series) with a smaller PA is suited for joint excursion, whereas those composed of relatively short fi bers (a large number of fi bers arranged in parallel) with a larger PA and PCSA are suitable for force generation (Woodley and Mercer 2005 ). The BF-L and SM are typically classifi ed as pennate muscle due to their structure, while the ST is regarded as a fusiform muscle with a parallel fi ber confi guration (Chleboun et al 2001 ;Kellis et al 2010Kellis et al , 2012Woodley and Mercer 2005 ). Each muscle differs with respect to architectural parameters such as the muscle length, FL, PA, PCSA, and volume (Kellis et al 2010(Kellis et al , 2012Kumazaki et al 2012 ;Woodley and Mercer 2005 ).…”

Section: Morphology and Function Of The Hamstring Musclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The BF-L and SM are typically classifi ed as pennate muscle due to their structure, while the ST is regarded as a fusiform muscle with a parallel fi ber confi guration (Chleboun et al 2001 ;Kellis et al 2010Kellis et al , 2012Woodley and Mercer 2005 ). Each muscle differs with respect to architectural parameters such as the muscle length, FL, PA, PCSA, and volume (Kellis et al 2010(Kellis et al , 2012Kumazaki et al 2012 ;Woodley and Mercer 2005 ). Woodley and Mercer ( 2005 ) suggested that the BF-L is designed to allow for long excursion since its FL is relatively long and its PCSA is intermediate in size.…”

Section: Morphology and Function Of The Hamstring Musclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional Differences Among Hamstring Muscles in Hip Extension and Knee Flexion Exercises

Yanagisawa

2015

Sports Injuries and Prevention

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The hamstring muscles consist of the long (BF-L) and short (BF-S) heads of the biceps femoris, semitendinosus (ST), and semimembranosus (SM). The BF-L, ST, and SM act on both hip extension and knee fl exion as biarticular muscle, whereas the BF-S fl exes the knee as a uniarticular muscle. The hamstrings are occasionally treated as a muscle group (hip extensors or knee fl exors), but previous studies have reported morphological and functional differences among the hamstrings. The hamstrings show individual characteristics in architectural parameters (e.g. fi ber length, pennation angle, and physiological cross-sectional area). These architectural differences are likely closely associated with differences in the forcegeneration capacity of each hamstring muscle. In addition, each muscle's function is affected by the angle of the hip and/or knee joints. The morphology and function of one hamstring muscle cannot be considered representative of the whole muscle group and vice versa. Thus, treating the hamstrings as a single muscle unit by assuming a uniform inter-muscular architecture can result in an inaccurate account of hamstring muscle function.

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No demonstrable ultrastructural adaptation of the human myotendinous junction to immobilization or 4 weeks of heavy resistance training

et al. 2021

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The myotendinous junction (MTJ) connects muscle and tendon and is subject to strain injuries. These injuries can be prevented by heavy resistance training of the hamstrings. In animal MTJ, the ultrastructural foldings of tendon into muscle increase with training and decrease with immobilization, but whether this happens in the human MTJ is unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate by electron microscopy the effect of 4 weeks heavy resistance training (6 patients) and 5 weeks immobilization (3 patients) on the ultrastructure of the human MTJ, compared to controls (7 patients). Specimens of MTJ were obtained from the semitendinosus and gracilis muscle in connection with harvest of the tendon for reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament. We registered the number of branches from the MTJ into muscle, interface length/baseline, length and width of the MTJ unit, and area of the foldings and number of foldings per MTJ unit. There were no significant differences in any measures between the three groups. Adaptations of the human MTJ in connection with heavy resistance training are smaller than the changes reported in animals. Perhaps 4 weeks is too short for the human MTJ to react structurally to loading.

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Architectural differences between the hamstring muscles

Cited by 94 publications

References 37 publications

Reliability of biceps femoris and semitendinosus muscle architecture measurements obtained with ultrasonography

Reliability of biceps femoris and semitendinosus muscle architecture measurements obtained with ultrasonography

Functional Differences Among Hamstring Muscles in Hip Extension and Knee Flexion Exercises

No demonstrable ultrastructural adaptation of the human myotendinous junction to immobilization or 4 weeks of heavy resistance training

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