Architecture and properties of anisotropic polymer composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

Mathieu, Laurence; Mueller, Timothy I.; Bourban, P.-E.; Pioletti, Dominique P.; Müller, Ralph; Månson, Jan‐Anders E.

doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.07.015

Cited by 319 publications

(222 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Sengers et al [2] studied MSC migration and proliferation on trabecular bone structure which is similar to the structure of our scaffold [21]. Employing a diffusion-reaction equation, they estimated the diffusion coefficient for cell migration to be 0.055 mm 2 / day based on in vitro experimental results.…”

Section: In Vivomentioning

confidence: 98%

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Prediction of spatio-temporal bone formation in scaffold by diffusion equation

et al. 2011

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a b s t r a c tDeveloping a successful bone tissue engineering strategy entails translation of experimental findings to clinical needs. A major leap forward toward this goal is developing a quantitative tool to predict spatial and temporal bone formation in scaffold. We hypothesized that bone formation in scaffold follows diffusion phenomenon. Subsequently, we developed an analytical formulation for bone formation, which had only three unknown parameters: C, the final bone volume fraction, a, the so-called scaffold osteoconduction coefficient, and h, the so-called peri-scaffold osteoinduction coefficient. The three parameters were estimated by identifying the model within vivo data of polymeric scaffolds implanted in the femoral condyle of rats. In vivo data were obtained by longitudinal micro-CT scanning of the animals. Having identified the three parameters, we used the model to predict the course of bone formation in two previously published in vivo studies. We found the predicted values to be consistent with the experimental ones. Bone formation into a scaffold can then adequately be described through diffusion phenomenon. This model allowed us to spatially and temporally predict the outcome of tissue engineering scaffolds with only 3 physically relevant parameters.

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Section: In Vivomentioning

confidence: 98%

“…2140) and scaffolds of 3 mm in diameter and height made of PLA þ 5% wt. b-TCP [21] were implanted inside the holes (Fig. 1a) following a published protocol [11].…”

Section: Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of spatio-temporal bone formation in scaffold by diffusion equation

et al. 2011

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“…The value of E Bone is assumed to be 5 GPa and the value of γ was set at 1.5 following Homminga et al [30]. The value of E Scaffold was measured previously to be 50 MPa [31]. In this model, we assumed that elements are either scaffold (GV = 0), forming bone (0b GV b 1), or fully mature bone (GV = 1).…”

Section: Finite Element Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo loading increases mechanical properties of scaffold by affecting bone formation and bone resorption rates

Roshan-Ghias¹,

Lambers²,

Gholam‐Rezaee³

et al. 2011

Bone

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A successful bone tissue engineering strategy entails producing bone-scaffold constructs with adequate mechanical properties. Apart from the mechanical properties of the scaffold itself, the forming bone inside the scaffold also adds to the strength of the construct. In this study, we investigated the role of in vivo cyclic loading on mechanical properties of a bone scaffold. We implanted PLA/β-TCP scaffolds in the distal femur of six rats, applied external cyclic loading on the right leg, and kept the left leg as a control. We monitored bone formation at 7 time points over 35 weeks using time-lapsed micro-computed tomography (CT) imaging. The images were then used to construct micro-finite element models of bone-scaffold constructs, with which we estimated the stiffness for each sample at all time points. We found that loading increased the stiffness by 60% at 35 weeks. The increase of stiffness was correlated to an increase in bone volume fraction of 18% in the loaded scaffold compared to control scaffold. These changes in volume fraction and related stiffness in the bone scaffold are regulated by two independent processes, bone formation and bone resorption. Using time-lapsed micro-CT imaging and a newly-developed longitudinal image registration technique, we observed that mechanical stimulation increases the bone formation rate during 4-10 weeks, and decreases the bone resorption rate during 9-18 weeks post-operatively. For the first time, we report that in vivo cyclic loading increases mechanical properties of the scaffold by increasing the bone formation rate and decreasing the bone resorption rate.© 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. IntroductionThe accepted paradigm in bone tissue engineering is to combine a scaffold with cells and/or growth factors [1][2][3][4][5][6]. The scaffold is used for its osteoconductive properties [7,8] and the cells or growth factors are used for their osteoinductive or osteogenic properties [9,10]. While successful in vivo studies [11,12] and in clinical studies [13], this strategy has difficulties to settle in routine clinical practice. The reasons are manifold but often related to the cost, the stringent regulations established by the regulatory authorities, the specialized infrastructure needed, or the lack of possible reimbursement from health insurances when cells or growth factors are employed.As the use of cells or growth factors is indeed the most difficult element to be included for bone tissue engineering, despite their acknowledged usefulness, we advocate a shift in the bone tissue engineering paradigm. Mechanical loading is an intrinsic stimulation present in the skeleton. It has been demonstrated in numerous in vivo studies to be correlated to bone regulation [14,15]. The in situ mechanical stimulation, if considered in an appropriate way, could then replace the cell and growth factor components of the bone tissue engineering strategy. This new paradigm has been proposed recently [16][17][18]. To support this approach, we have previously shown that controlle...

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“…In parallel, β-TCP scaffolds (β-TCP Mathys), corresponding to chronOS™ bone substitute, were tested (Mathys, Bettlach, Switzerland). Scaffold morphology was evaluated by micro-computed tomography, and by scanning electron microscopy [30]. Ceramic distribution was assessed and described elsewhere [29,30].…”

Section: Scaffold Generationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Scaffold morphology was evaluated by micro-computed tomography, and by scanning electron microscopy [30]. Ceramic distribution was assessed and described elsewhere [29,30]. Implanted volumes were machined into cylinders (2 mm high, 8 mm diameter for the calvaria and 3 mm high, 3 mm diameter for the condyle model).…”

Section: Scaffold Generationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human fetal bone cells associated with ceramic reinforced PLA scaffolds for tissue engineering

Montjovent

Mark

Mathieu

et al. 2008

Bone

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Fetal bone cells were shown to have an interesting potential for therapeutic use in bone tissue engineering due to their rapid growth rate and their ability to differentiate into mature osteoblasts in vitro. We describe hereafter their capability to promote bone repair in vivo when combined with porous scaffolds based on poly(L-lactic acid) (PLA) obtained by supercritical gas foaming and reinforced with 5 wt.% β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP).Bone regeneration was assessed by radiography and histology after implantation of PLA/TCP scaffolds alone, seeded with primary fetal bone cells, or coated with demineralized bone matrix. Craniotomy critical size defects and drill defects in the femoral condyle in rats were employed. In the cranial defects, polymer degradation and cortical bone regeneration were studied up to 12 months postoperatively. Complete bone ingrowth was observed after implantation of PLA/TCP constructs seeded with human fetal bone cells. Further tests were conducted in the trabecular neighborhood of femoral condyles, where scaffolds seeded with fetal bone cells also promoted bone repair.We present here a promising approach for bone tissue engineering using human primary fetal bone cells in combination with porous PLA/TCP structures. Fetal bone cells could be selected regarding osteogenic and immune-related properties, along with their rapid growth, ease of cell banking and associated safety.

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Architecture and properties of anisotropic polymer composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

Cited by 319 publications

References 58 publications

Prediction of spatio-temporal bone formation in scaffold by diffusion equation

Prediction of spatio-temporal bone formation in scaffold by diffusion equation

In vivo loading increases mechanical properties of scaffold by affecting bone formation and bone resorption rates

Human fetal bone cells associated with ceramic reinforced PLA scaffolds for tissue engineering

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