Architecture of associations of minor salivary gland ducts and lymphoid follicles in Macaca fascicularis

Pn, Nair; He, Schroeder

doi:10.1007/bf00217578

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Ascending infections of the salivary gland ducts could expose DC within the epithelium of the main duct and probably large interlobular ducts to microorganisms and their products. The organized, duct-associated lymphoid tissue (DALT) around the oral openings of the excretory ducts [26, 32], as well as a more diffuse distribution of immune cells along the parotid main duct [21], are important in the local response to an infection. Whether or not ascending infectious material would reach the smaller interlobular excretory ducts and intralobular striated ducts, which are well-endowed with DC, is unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Macrophages isolated from rat salivary glands are able to efficiently present antigens to naïve CD4+ T-lymphocytes [37]. Organized lymphoid tissue is present around the ducts of minor salivary glands [32] and the main excretory duct of monkey parotid gland [26]. In the latter study, lymphocytes and DC were the predominant intraepithelial immune cells, located in close proximity to other DC, intraepithelial lymphocytes and epithelial cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution of Dendritic Cells in Normal Human Salivary Glands

Saverin

Hand

2011

Acta Histochem. Cytochem.

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Dendritic cells (DC) are believed to contribute to development of autoimmune sialadenitis, but little is known about their distribution in normal salivary glands. In this study, DC were identified and their distribution was determined in normal human parotid and submandibular glands. For light microscopy, salivary gland sections were stained with H&E or immunocytochemically using antibodies to DC markers. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to evaluate the ultrastructural characteristics of DC. In H&E sections, elongated, irregularly shaped nuclei were occasionally seen in the striated and excretory duct epithelium. Immunolabeling with anti-HLA-DR, anti-CD11c and anti-S100 revealed DC with numerous processes extending between ductal epithelial cells, often close to the lumen. Morphometric analyses indicated that HLA-DR-positive DC occupied approximately 4–11% of the duct wall volume. Similar reactive cells were present in acini, intercalated ducts and interstitial tissues. TEM observations revealed cells with indented nuclei containing dense chromatin, pale cytoplasm with few organelles, and lacking junctional attachments to adjacent cells. These results indicate that DC are abundant constituents of normal human salivary glands. Their location within ductal and acinar epithelium suggests a role in responding to foreign antigens and/or maintaining immunological tolerance to salivary proteins.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of Dendritic Cells in Normal Human Salivary Glands

Saverin

Hand

2011

Acta Histochem. Cytochem.

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“…Intruding wandering cells can be identified by their high nucleus-tocytoplasm ratio and by their total lack of desmosomal connections to surrounding epithelial cells. In the rhesus monkey, Macaca fascicularis, labial salivary glands are subject to invasion by bacteria (Nair and Schroeder, 1985). In this event, ducts are surrounded by lymphoid tissue and are heavily infiltrated by lymphocytes and blast-forming T-cells, in some cases to a point where the duct epithelium is partially or wholly supplanted by lymphoid cells.…”

Section: Common Namementioning

confidence: 99%

Interlobular excretory ducts of mammalian salivary glands: Structural and histochemical review

2006

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In the major salivary glands of mammals, excretory ducts (EDs) succeed striated ducts. They are for the most part interlobular in position, although their proximal portions sometimes are on the periphery of a lobule, where they occasionally retain some of the structural features of striated ducts. Based on a survey of a broad range of mammalian species and glands, the predominant tissue type that composes EDs is pseudostratified epithelium. In some species, there is a progression of epithelial types: the proximal EDs are composed of simple cuboidal or columnar epithelium that, in the excurrent direction, usually gives way to the pseudostratified variety. Secretory granules are visible in the apical cytoplasm of the principal cells of the EDs of only a few species, but histochemistry has shown the presence of a variety of glycoproteins in these cells in a spectrum of species. Moreover, the latter methodology has revealed the presence of a variety of oxidative, acid hydrolytic, and transport enzymes in the EDs, showing that, rather than simply acting as a conduit for saliva, these ducts play a metabolically active role in gland function. It is difficult to describe a "typical" mammalian ED because it can vary along its length and interspecific variation does not follow a phylogenetic pattern. Moreover, in contrast to intercalated and striated ducts, ED cellular features do not exhibit a relationship to diet. Anat Rec Part A 288A: 498 -526, 2006.

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“…The minor salivary glands contribute a significant percentage (30–35%) of S‐IgA that enters the human oral cavity ( 46). Organized lymphoid tissue in close association with the secretory ducts of minor salivary glands has been described in macaque monkeys ( 177). These structures were termed duct‐associated lymphoid tissue ( 178) and may be comparable to central mucosal inductive sites as they appear to contain the appropriate cell types and tissue organization for antigen recognition/processing and induction of an antibody response ( 177).…”

Section: The Oral Cavity and The Secretory Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current status of a mucosal vaccine against dental caries

Hajishengallis¹,

Michalek

1999

Oral Microbiology and Immunology

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The evidence of a specific bacterial cause of dental caries and of the function of the salivary glands as an effector site of the mucosal immune system has provided a scientific basis for the development of a vaccine against this highly prevalent and costly oral disease. Research efforts towards developing an effective and safe caries vaccine have been facilitated by progress in molecular biology, with the cloning and functional characterization of virulence factors from mutans streptococci, the principal causative agent of dental caries, and advancements in mucosal immunology, including the development of sophisticated antigen delivery systems and adjuvants that stimulate the induction of salivary immunoglobulin A antibody responses. Cell-surface fibrillar proteins, which mediate adherence to the salivary pellicle, and glucosyltransferase enzymes, which synthesize adhesive glucans and allow microbial accumulation, are virulence components of mutans streptococci, and primary candidates for a human caries vaccine. Infants, representing the primary target population for a caries vaccine, become mucosally immunocompetent and secrete salivary immunoglobulin A antibodies during the first weeks after birth, whereas mutans streptococci colonize the tooth surfaces at a discrete time period that extends around 26 months of life. Therefore, immunization when infants are about one year old may establish effective immunity against an ensuing colonization attempts by mutans streptococci. The present review critically evaluates recent progress in this field of dental research and attempts to stress the protective potential as well as limitations of caries immunization.

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Architecture of associations of minor salivary gland ducts and lymphoid follicles in Macaca fascicularis

Cited by 11 publications

References 40 publications

Distribution of Dendritic Cells in Normal Human Salivary Glands

Distribution of Dendritic Cells in Normal Human Salivary Glands

Interlobular excretory ducts of mammalian salivary glands: Structural and histochemical review

Current status of a mucosal vaccine against dental caries

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