Architecture of the data aggregation and streaming system for the European Spallation Source neutron instrument suite

Mukai, A.; Clarke, M. J.; Nilsson, Jens; Shetty, M.; Brambilla, Michele; Werder, Dominik; Könnecke, Mark; Harper, J. S.; Jones, M. D.; Akeroyd, Frederick; Reis, Cecília; Kourousias, George; Richter, Tobias

doi:10.1088/1748-0221/13/10/t10001

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Control, visualization, and data logging were provided by the ESS Event Formation Unit (EFU) [54][55][56] and the ESS Daquiri visualization tool [57] both running on a Centos 7 PC. The SoNDe module and the EFU were connected via switched 1 Gbit/s Ethernet.…”

Section: Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of a Li-glass/multi-anode photomultiplier detector to collimated thermal-neutron beams

Rofors,

Mauritzson,

Perrey

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The response of a position-sensitive Li-glass scintillator detector being developed for thermal-neutron detection with 6 mm position resolution has been investigated using collimated beams of thermal neutrons. The detector was moved perpendicularly through the neutron beams in 0.5 to 1.0 mm horizontal and vertical steps. Scintillation was detected in an 8 × 8 pixel multi-anode photomultiplier tube on an event-by-event basis. In general, several pixels registered large signals at each neutron-beam location. The number of pixels registering signal above a set threshold was investigated, with the maximization of the single-hit e ciency over the largest possible area of the detector as the primary goal. At a threshold of ∼50% of the mean of the full-deposition peak, ∼80% of the events were registered in a single pixel, resulting in an e ective position resolution of ∼5 mm in X and Y.Lower thresholds generally resulted in events demonstrating higher pixel multiplicities,

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Section: Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of a Li-glass/multi-anode photomultiplier detector to collimated thermal-neutron beams

Rofors,

Mauritzson,

Perrey

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…e negative polarity analog pulses for each event with at least one pixel showing a signal above the threshold were measured. e threshold se ing corresponded to an ADC value of about 750. e data were recorded on disk using an ESS Event Formation Unit (EFU) [54][55][56] running on a Centos 7 PC connected through the MiniIO port to Ethernet using the UDP protocol [57]. e EFU data-acquisition system is designed for use by ESS instruments and the acquisition closely resembles the mode of operation anticipated at ESS.…”

Section: Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of a Li-glass/multi-anode photomultiplier detector to focused proton and deuteron beams

Rofors,

Pallon,

Jebali

et al. 2020

Preprint

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e response of a position-sensitive Li-glass based scintillation detector to focused beams of 2.5 MeV protons and deuterons has been investigated. e beams were scanned across the detector in 0.5 mm horizontal and vertical steps perpendicular to the beams. Scintillation light was registered using an 8 × 8 pixel multi-anode photomultiplier tube. e signal amplitudes were recorded for each pixel on an eventby-event basis. Several pixels generally registered considerable signals at each beam location. e number of pixels above set thresholds were investigated, with the optimization of the single-hit e ciency over the largest possible area as the goal. For both beams, at a threshold of ∼50% of the mean of the full-deposition peak, ∼80% of the events were registered in a single pixel, resulting in an e ective position resolution of ∼5 mm in X and Y.

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“…The arrival of the driving proton beam pulses are used as a time reference. All neutron detection events are recorded in time relative to the source timing signal, by which it is possible to quantify physical phenomena with respect to variations in the kinetic energy of the neutrons [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Instrument suite cost optimisation in a science megaproject

Bentley¹

2020

J. Phys. Commun.

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This article presents a cost optimisation study of neutron scattering instrumentation at the European Spallation Source (ESS) in Lund, Sweden. This is done by focusing on the main cost drivers for almost half of the instrument hardware-optics and shielding -and trading detailed cost functions against beam transmission functions in a multi-dimensional, yet simple, parameter space. A cost saving of almost 30% is identified. The method is demonstrated in a worked example on a mature instrument design, and there are no reductions in performance. The proposed solution is shown to correspond to a Nash equilibrium of simultaneous shielding and optics strategies, versus the baseline which is trapped by working through sequential strategies. Finally, this cost analysis is bench-marked against, and found to be in agreement with, the costs of operational facilities of a similar class. and optimised simultaneously, around an architectural concept. This is somewhat similar to Brooks' idea of conceptual integrity in software development [4].Achieving this requires co-located personnel, using a common set of tools, and with thorough crosschecking in place, performed by a dedicated team. The suggestion to do this is not taken without a solid basis in existing excellence, since the NIST Center for Neutron Research [5] at NIST (USA) and SINQ [6] at the Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI, Switzerland) both followed this model to some degree.One might expect that a cost reduction carries some sacrifice of scope or performance. This idea is reinforced by many public 'austerity' measures that have taken place since the financial crisis in 2008, but these were often achieved not via efficiency gains but instead from huge budget cuts in critical areas, with proportional reductions in scope. Instead, a simultaneous and architectural shielding and optics strategy will be derived to reduce the costs of these main areas without reducing performance. The other four main cost drivers-choppers, staff, detectors and 'other' that covers admin and overheads, review meetings etc-these are not completely fixed, but they are somewhat less easily optimised architecturally compared to optics and shielding.The savings in the present study come from an expert understanding of the interplay between neutron optics and shielding, and taking a holistic, architectural approach to designing both of those systems in harmony, according to best current practice. As the ESS is an in-kind project, with 15 instruments contributed by foreign partner laboratories, the status-quo approach would be to design each system independently on each project. This would create a duplication of labour, and unnecessary interfaces in the project: both internally between the groups working on optics and shielding, who in some projects are physically located in different countries, and between the project's and its neighbours' shielding activities. Shielding design interfaces in a regulated, nuclear setting are a major risk to any project, let alone a facility attempting to reach new heigh...

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Architecture of the data aggregation and streaming system for the European Spallation Source neutron instrument suite

Cited by 14 publications

References 9 publications

Response of a Li-glass/multi-anode photomultiplier detector to collimated thermal-neutron beams

Response of a Li-glass/multi-anode photomultiplier detector to collimated thermal-neutron beams

Response of a Li-glass/multi-anode photomultiplier detector to focused proton and deuteron beams

Instrument suite cost optimisation in a science megaproject

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