Abstract-More and more wireless networks are deployed with overlapping coverage. Especially in the unlicensed bands, we see an increasing density of heterogeneous solutions, with very diverse technologies and application requirements. As a consequence, interference from heterogeneous sources-also called cross-technology interference-is a major problem causing an increase of packet error rate (PER) and decrease of quality of service (QoS), possibly leading to application failure. This issue is apparent, for example, when an IEEE 802.15.4 wireless sensor network coexists with an IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN, which is the focus of this work. One way to alleviate cross-technology interference is to avoid it in the frequency domain by selecting different channels. Different multichannel protocols suitable for frequency-domain interference avoidance have already been proposed in the literature. However, most of these protocols have only been investigated from the perspective of intratechnology interference. Within this work, we create an objective comparison of different candidate channel selection mechanisms based on a new multichannel protocol taxonomy using measurements in a real-life testbed. We assess different metrics for the most suitable mechanism using the same set of measurements as in the comparison study. Finally, we verify the operation of the best channel selection metric in a proof-of-concept implementation running on the testbed.Index Terms-IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.15.4, interference avoidance, MAC, medium access control, RDT, receiver directed transmission, WiFi, wireless sensor networks, ZigBee.
I. CROSS-TECHNOLOGY INTERFERENCE AVOIDANCE: WHYAND HOW?
IT IS increasingly hard to imagine a world without wireless communication. Today, we experience an exciting time given the emergence of the Internet of Things, which will allow any identifiable object in the world to communicate. Most objects will connect wirelessly, for obvious reasons. Hence, we can safely assume that the number of wireless devices will continue to grow exponentially [1]. Not only does the quantity of devices grow, but also the application domains diversify. Different application domains impose different requirements on the network, e.g., the quality of service (QoS) it needs to deliver, or the limitation on power consumption of network nodes that operate on batteries. These diversifying requirements can no longer be supported by a single wireless technology. Even more, within a single environment, multiple wireless technologies are being deployed in order to fulfill the applications needs. Hence, coexistence of different technologies is becoming increasingly important.The coexistence of different technologies is particularly challenging when they share the same frequency band. Representative of such a situation are the unlicensed frequency bands, which are used by an increasing number of wireless technologies. As a result, different technologies that have not been designed to coexist need to operate in the same frequency bands, leading to re...