Architectures for a Spin Quantum Computer Based on Endohedral Fullerenes

Harneit, Wolfgang; Meyer, Carola; Weidinger, A.; Suter, Dieter; Twamley, J.

doi:10.1002/1521-3951(200210)233:3<453::aid-pssb453>3.0.co;2-n

Cited by 71 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…To our knowledge it is the first successful magnetic resonance experiment on an SWCNT encapsulated spin-probe. It has been speculated that such materials, when available in higher spin concentrations, may be fundamental elements of quantumcomputering [24]. The solvent prepared peapod samples are transformed to DWCNT with a yield identical to that from vapor prepared materials.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low temperature fullerene encapsulation in single wall carbon nanotubes: synthesis of N@C60@SWCNT

Simón

Kuzmany

Rauf

et al. 2004

Chemical Physics Letters

121

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High filling of single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) with C60 and C70 fullerenes in solvent is reported at temperatures as low as 69 o C. A 2 hour long refluxing in n-hexane of the mixture of the fullerene and SWCNT results in a high yield of C60,C70@SWCNT, fullerene peapod, material. The peapod filling is characterized by TEM, Raman and electron energy loss spectroscopy and X-ray scattering. We applied the method to synthesize the temperature sensitive (N@C60:C60)@SWCNT as proved by electron spin resonance spectroscopy. The solvent prepared peapod samples can be transformed to double walled nanotubes enabling a high yield and industrially scalable production of DWCNT.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low temperature fullerene encapsulation in single wall carbon nanotubes: synthesis of N@C60@SWCNT

Simón

Kuzmany

Rauf

et al. 2004

Chemical Physics Letters

121

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“…Some of these schemes suggest the usage of chains of endohedral fullerenes, with alternating endohedral species (nitrogen and phosphorus are discussed as candidates) [4,5]. The use of both the electronic and nuclear spin as qubits has also been discussed [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption of N@C60 on Si(100)

2009

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The interactions between C 60 molecules and the Si(100) surface, as well as the interactions between the endohedrally doped N@C 60 molecules and the Si(100) surface have been explored via ab initio total energy calculations. Configurations which have the cage located upon the dimer row bonded to two dimers (r2) and within the dimer trench bonded to four dimers (t4) have been investigated, as these have previously been found to be the most stable for the C 60 molecule. We show that our results for the adsorption of the C 60 molecule upon the Si(100) surface are comparable with previous studies. We have investigated the differences between the adsorption of the C 60 and N@C 60 molecules upon the Si(100) surface and found that there are only minimal differences. Two interesting cases are the r2g and t4d configurations, as they both exhibit differences that are not present in the other configurations. These subtle differences have been explored in-depth. It is shown that the effects on the endohedral nitrogen atom, due to its placement within the fullerene cage, are small. Bader analysis has been used to explore differences between the C 60 and N@C 60 molecules.

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“…ESR on encapsulated magnetic fullerenes could yield information on the electronic state of the tubes and it could also enable to study the fullerene rotational dynamics in a confined environment. In addition, magnetic fullerene peapods could exploit the combination of the SWCNT strength and the magnetic moment of molecules in magnetic scanning probe tips and they could enable a bottom-up design for magnetic storage devices or for building elements of quantum computers [15].Typical spin concentrations in (N@C 60 :C 60 )@SWCNT are low, ∼1 spin/tube, and the N spins are insensitive to SWCNT properties [16]. The C 59 N monomer radical is a better local probe candidate as the unpaired electron is on the cage.…”

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confidence: 99%

Magnetic Fullerenes inside Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes

et al. 2006

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C59N magnetic fullerenes were formed inside single-wall carbon nanotubes by vacuum annealing functionalized C59N molecules encapsulated inside the tubes. A hindered, anisotropic rotation of C59N was deduced from the temperature dependence of the electron spin resonance spectra near room temperature. Shortening of spin-lattice relaxation time, T1, of C59N indicates a reversible charge transfer toward the host nanotubes above ∼ 350 K. Bound C59N-C60 heterodimers are formed at lower temperatures when C60 is co-encapsulated with the functionalized C59N. In the 10-300 K range, T1 of the heterodimer shows a relaxation dominated by the conduction electrons on the nanotubes.Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) [1, 2] exhibit a variety of unusual physical phenomena related to their one-dimensional and strongly correlated electronic properties. These include excitonic effects [3,4], superconductivity [5], the Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid state [6], and the Peierls transition [7]. Magnetic resonance is a powerful method to study strong correlations in low dimensional systems. However, for SWCNTs both nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electron spin resonance (ESR) are severely limited by NMR active 13 C nuclei and ESR active electron spins in residual magnetic catalytic particles and other carbon phases. Synthesis of 13 C isotope engineered SWCNTs solved the problem for NMR [8,9]. To enable ESR spectroscopy of SWCNTs, a local probe, specifically attached to SWCNTs, is required. The N@C 60 [10] and C 59 N [11] magnetic fullerenes are ideal candidates for such studies. In fullerene doped SWCNTs, fullerenes occupy preferentially the interior of the tubes and form "peapods" (C 60 @SWCNT) [12]. Fullerenes adhesing to the outside can be removed [13] in contrast to e.g. filling with iron [14]. ESR on encapsulated magnetic fullerenes could yield information on the electronic state of the tubes and it could also enable to study the fullerene rotational dynamics in a confined environment. In addition, magnetic fullerene peapods could exploit the combination of the SWCNT strength and the magnetic moment of molecules in magnetic scanning probe tips and they could enable a bottom-up design for magnetic storage devices or for building elements of quantum computers [15].Typical spin concentrations in (N@C 60 :C 60 )@SWCNT are low, ∼1 spin/tube, and the N spins are insensitive to SWCNT properties [16]. The C 59 N monomer radical is a better local probe candidate as the unpaired electron is on the cage. C 59 N can be chemically prepared but it forms spinless dimers (C 59 N) 2 or monomer adducts [11].The magnetic C 59 N monomer radical can be stabilized as C 59 N:C 60 , a dilute solid solution of C 59 N in C 60 [17].Here, we report on the first ESR study of SWCNT properties and peapod rotational dynamics using a paramagnetic local probe: C 59 N monomer radicals encapsulated inside SWCNTs. SWCNTs were first filled with chemically inert C 59 N derivatives. A heat treatment in vacuum removes the side-group and the monomer radical is left behin...

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Architectures for a Spin Quantum Computer Based on Endohedral Fullerenes

Cited by 71 publications

References 26 publications

Low temperature fullerene encapsulation in single wall carbon nanotubes: synthesis of N@C60@SWCNT

Low temperature fullerene encapsulation in single wall carbon nanotubes: synthesis of N@C60@SWCNT

Adsorption of N@C60 on Si(100)

Magnetic Fullerenes inside Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes

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