The article is devoted to the reform of the mental health care system (deinstitutionalization) in the context of architectural and planning solutions of modern mental health care institutions (psychological (psychiatric) care centers, psychiatric departments in general hospitals, psychiatric day hospitals, dispensaries, etc.) New alternative mental health institutions should provide modern methods of treatment, rehabilitation, inclusiveness, as well as a comfortable, safe private internal environment, and socialization of patients with mental disorders. Architectural and design solutions in countries around the world are reviewed by the hospital's stakeholders -a multidisciplinary team (architect, quality manager, medical professionals (psychiatrists, medical psychologists), etc. The construction of new psychiatric healthcare facilities involves creating conditions for medical staff that would satisfy and motivate their professional needs and effective work, create appropriate conditions for visual monitoring of patients during exacerbations of the disease and for protection against their aggressive actions, eliminate stigma, reduce emotional burnout and chronic fatigue of staff.In the design and construction of new mental health facilities in developed countries, much attention is paid to the layout of the premises of the healthcare facility, their decoration, and the color scheme of the interior environment.It is also advisable to place artwork by patients themselves on the walls (art therapy) to enhance the therapeutic and rehabilitation effect, reduce anxiety and aggression in patients with mental disorders.