Arctic–Subarctic Ocean Fluxes: Defining the Role of the Northern Seas in Climate

Dickson, Bob; Meincke, Jens; Rhines, Peter B.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-6774-7_1

Cited by 73 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Thus, on the westernmost faces of the domain we used the time mean of OVIDE data for and 2006(Lherminier et al, 2007 (Garcia et al, 2005, WOA09) and transport estimates from the literature (see Appendix B and Tables 1-2). To limit possible inconsistencies due to the asynchronicity of those datasets, we selected the level of error estimates on easternmost face variables to encompass the interannual to decadal variability (Dickson et al, 2008b). This implies that although there is no specific timescale associated with the easternmost face variables used in this study, those values are thought to be compatible within error bars with the 2002-2006 mean value.…”

Section: Geographical Domain and Timescalementioning

confidence: 99%

Mass, nutrient and oxygen budgets for the northeastern Atlantic Ocean

et al. 2012

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Abstract. The northeast Atlantic is a key horizontal and vertical crossroads region for the meridional overturning circulation, but basic nutrient and oxygen fluxes are still poorly constrained by observations in the region. A surface to bottom northeast Atlantic Ocean budget for mass, nutrients (nitrate and phosphate) and oxygen is determined using an optimization method based on three surveys of the OVIDE transect (from Greenland to Portugal) completed with the World Ocean Atlas 2009. Budgets are derived for two communicating boxes representing the northeastern European basin (NEEB) and the Irminger Sea.For the NEEB (Irminger) box, it is found that 30 % of the mass import (export) across the OVIDE section reach (originate from) the Nordic Seas, while 70 % are redistributed between both boxes through the Reykjanes Ridge (9.3 ± 0.7 × 10 9 kg s −1 ).Net biological source/sink terms of nitrate point to both the Irminger and NEEB boxes as net organic matter production sites (consuming nitrate at a rate of −7.8 ± 6.5 kmol s −1 and −8.4 ± 6.6 kmol s −1 , respectively). Using a standard Redfield ratio of C : N = 106 : 16, nitrate consumption rates indicate that about 40 TgC yr −1 of carbon is fixed by organic matter production between the OVIDE transect and the Greenland-Scotland Ridge. Nutrient fluxes also induce a net biological production of oxygen of 73 ± 60 kmol s −1 and 79 ± 62 kmol s −1 in the Irminger and NEEB boxes, which points to the region as being autotrophic.The abiotic air-sea oxygen flux leads to an oceanic oxygen uptake in the two regions (264±66 kmol s −1 in the north and 443±70 kmol s −1 in the south). The abiotic flux is partitioned into a mixing and a thermal component. It is found that the Irminger Sea oceanic oxygen uptake is driven by an air-sea heat flux cooling increasing the ocean surface oxygen solubility. Over the northeastern European basin the mixing component is about half the thermal flux, presumably because of the oxygen minimum in the subtropical thermocline.

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Section: Geographical Domain and Timescalementioning

confidence: 99%

Mass, nutrient and oxygen budgets for the northeastern Atlantic Ocean

et al. 2012

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“…Arctic/subarctic measurements The oceanic exchanges of surface and deep waters 'that connect the Arctic and Atlantic oceans through Subarctic Seas are of fundamental importance to climate' (Dickson et al, 2008). In particular, changes that have taken place in the poleward ocean heat flux are likely to have played a central role in the decline of Arctic seaice (see Section 6).…”

Section: Impacts Of the Oceans On Climate Change 17mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, changes that have taken place in the poleward ocean heat flux are likely to have played a central role in the decline of Arctic seaice (see Section 6). The signal from the changes in the Arctic has, and is expected to continue to, propagate south through Subarctic Seas on either side of Greenland, to modulate the Atlantic thermohaline 'conveyor' (Dickson et al, 2008). To measure these changes lines of moorings, supplemented in the last decade by ADCPs (Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers) and other measurements between (1) Iceland and Greenland, (2) Iceland and the Faroe Islands, (3) The Faroe Islands and Shetland, (4) Greenland, Spitsbergen and Norway, and more recently (5) in the Canadian Archipelago, have been in place for some years through the Arctic-Subarctic Flux Study (ASOF) (see http://www.asof.npolar.no) and its predecessors ( Fig.…”

Section: Impacts Of the Oceans On Climate Change 17mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chapter 1 Impacts of the Oceans on Climate Change

Lewis-Brown¹,

Reid²,

Andersson³

et al. 2009

Advances in Marine Biology

135

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“…h Impacts on the Thermohaline Circulation It is widely supported from both observation and modelling that changes in the Arctic, particularly with regard to the export of fresh water, will impact the global thermohaline circulation and properties of the downstream oceans (Aagaard and Carmack, 1989;Weaver et al, 1999;Curry and Mauritzen, 2005;Dickson et al, 2008;barreiro et al, 2008) (regions V and Y; Fig. 2).…”

Section: G Shifting Ocean Currents and Fronts And Barriersmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…3). region r signifies Arctic FW outflow through northern archipelago passages (Melling, 2000;Melling et al, 2008;Dickson et al, 2007Dickson et al, , 2008. Significant modifications to the 216 / Eddy C. Carmack et al …”

Section: Study Components and Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%