Arctic tourism in times of change: Seasonality

Rantala, Outi; Barre, Suzanne de la; Granås, Brynhild; Jóhannesson, Gunnar Þór; Müller, Dieter K.; Saarinen, Jarkko; Tervo-Kankare, Kaarina; Maher, Patrick; Niskala, Maaria

doi:10.6027/tn2019-528

Cited by 30 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Efforts to brand the Arctic for the global market as a magical, spectacular and wild arena for extreme and even ecstatic experiences are intentional, as professor in the social sciences Willy Guneriussen explained in his research on how the identity of Northern Norway had been re-defined when promoting the town of Tromsø [63]. Arcticfication has also been increased by tourism marketing, and presentations of magnificent landscapes trigger touristic demand [64,65]. Arcticfication can also be defined as a social process creating new geographical images of northern Europe as part of the Arctic, on the one hand, and new social, economic and political relations on the other hand [6].…”

Section: The Impact Of Arctic Arts On Diverse Sectors Of Society and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Arctic Arts with Pride: Discourses on Arctic Arts, Culture and Sustainability

Huhmarniemi

Jokela

2020

Sustainability

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There has been growing interest in Arctic arts and culture as well as in sustainability among artists, researchers, and policy makers. However, until recently, the comprehension of Arctic arts and culture within the framework of sustainable development has remained vague. In this study, by analysing diverse debates from the Arctic Arts Summit 2019 in Rovaniemi, we investigate how the arts and culture sector promotes Arctic sustainability. An analysis of abstracts, conclusions, blogs and newspaper articles reflecting the presentations, art events, exhibitions and dialogues showed that the discourse on sustainability is organised around five themes: (1) global politics and ecological crises as part of the cultural politics of the Arctic; (2) indigenous and non-indigenous Arctic arts and culture; (3) ‘handmade’ and the material culture of the Arctic; (4) place-making, revitalisation and regional development; and (5) economy and sustainability. These partly interlinked themes have relevance for policy making, defining principles for arts and culture funding, artistic practice and research on the Arctic. In addition, education and artistic training are important for all of the five themes; therefore, resources for educational institutions are crucial for the sustainable future of the Arctic. Arts, culture and education have the potential to empower people in the Arctic, increase cultural pride, educate and inform global audiences and create connectedness between the past, present and future. Arts, culture and education contribute to Arctic sustainability.

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Section: The Impact Of Arctic Arts On Diverse Sectors Of Society and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Arctic Arts with Pride: Discourses on Arctic Arts, Culture and Sustainability

Huhmarniemi

Jokela

2020

Sustainability

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“…They include experiencing and avoiding the possible negative impacts of tourism, expectations of local job creation, and the role of cruise tourism and right of public access (i.e. Saarinen, 2015;Rantala et al, 2019;Øian et al, 2018;James, Olsen & Karlsdóttir, 2020).…”

Section: Summing Upmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seasonality is a key element in an intricate combination of factors and can affect different issues linked to regional development, destination development, business competitiveness and innovation, employment and competence-building, spreading visitors throughout the area and over the year to avoid overcrowding, and helping to build economic, social and environmental sustainability (Árnadóttir, 2019). Successfully extending tourist seasons, and in that way tackling some of the problems often associated with seasonality, therefore remains among the core issues in the development of tourism in northern areas, especially peripheral regions-since seasonality has much less effect on larger urban areas (Rantala et al, 2019).…”

Section: Seasonalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Planning for Sustainable Tourism in the Nordic Rural Regions

Karlsdóttir¹,

Bogason²,

Broegaard³

2020

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“…Although the story of the loss of the original toe takes place in a snowy, inhospitable and empty Arctic, the constant supply of human toes required to sustain the offering of the Sourtoe Cocktail as a tourism product reminds us that the Arctic region is very much inhabited, and that people are very much an integral part of it. In countering Arctification, Rantala et al (2019) call for innovativeness, creativity and diversity in products, and this is something that the Sourtoe Cocktail activity offers in spades.…”

Section: Arctification and The Sourtoe Cocktailmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The imagery depicts the Arctic as a homogeneous, empty wilderness, empty of people (Hansson, 2015;Loftsdóttir, 2015). In a report entitled Arctic Tourism in Times of Change: Seasonality, Rantala et al (2019) argued that the process of Arctification is evident within the tourism industry in Northern Europe. This has significant implications for the future of tourism in the North, particularly with regard to sustainability challenges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Countering “Arctification”: Dawson City’s “Sourtoe Cocktail”

Cooper

Spinei

Varnajot

2019

JTF

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to focus on the Sourtoe Cocktail, a custom in Dawson City, Canada’s Yukon, in which participants drink a shot of alcohol with a dehydrated human toe in it. Springing from a local legend, the thrill-inducing Sourtoe Cocktail has attracted the attention of tourists. The paper reveals insights from this particular case study in order to discuss potential future tourism trends within the Arctic, especially in regard to the development of a sustainable tourism industry. Additionally, it illustrates how local communities can avoid negative effects of “Arctification.” Design/methodology/approach The case study is deconstructed through Dean MacCannell’s (1976) framework of sight sacralization. The Sourtoe Cocktail is analyzed based on the five stages of the framework, which helps to reveal the various elements at play at the local level. The framework specifically highlights linkages between society and the Sourtoe Cocktail as a product in order to understand how it became a tourist attraction. Findings The use of MacCannell’s sight sacralization framework reveals the intricate relationship of the Sourtoe Cocktail to both the Arctic and the local folklore of the Klondike Gold Rush. In addition, it is argued that the activity can serve as an example of avoiding “Arctification” processes for northern communities. Originality/value The originality of the study lies in the application of the sight sacralization framework to an ordinary object – a toe – instead of an object of inherent historical, aesthetic or cultural value. The paper proposes a complementary study to the recommendations provided in the Arctic Tourism in Times of Change: Seasonality report (2019) for the development of sustainable Arctic societies.

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Arctic tourism in times of change: Seasonality

Abstract: Nordic co-operationNordic co-operation is one of the world's most extensive forms of regional collaboration, involving Denmark,

Cited by 30 publications

References 61 publications

Arctic Arts with Pride: Discourses on Arctic Arts, Culture and Sustainability

Arctic Arts with Pride: Discourses on Arctic Arts, Culture and Sustainability

Planning for Sustainable Tourism in the Nordic Rural Regions

Countering “Arctification”: Dawson City’s “Sourtoe Cocktail”

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