Are adipokines associated with gestational diabetes mellitus?

Abstract

Conclusion:No differences were found in serum chemerin, RBP-4, and visfatin between pregnant women with GDM and healthy pregnant women. Further prospective studies will be essential to elucidate the contribution of adipokines to GDM and the positive correlation between maternal RBP-4 and chemerin. (J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc 2016; 17: 186-90) Keywords: Chemerin, retinol binding protein-4, visfatin, gestational diabetes Received: 13 July, 2016 Accepted: 15 October, 2016 Are adipokines associated with gestational diabetes mellitus? Abstract levels of chemerin are detected in obesity and are associated with multiple components of metabolic syndromes, including body mass index (BMI), triglycerides, high density cholesterol, hypertension, inflammation, and markers of liver pathology (10). Chemerin is also expressed in human placenta (11). Serum levels of chemerin correlate significantly with systemic markers of inflammation, such as TNF-alpha, interleukin 6, and C-reactive protein (12). Overall, these findings suggest that chemerin levels are related to adiposity and glucose metabolism. They also represent a possible link between obesity and the development of GDM. Retinol binding protein-4 is a blood carrier protein for retinol that is synthesized in hepatocytes and adipocytes (13). Increased levels of RBP-4 have been demonstrated in several metabolic conditions, including obesity, insulin resistance, polycystic ovary syndrome, and cardiovascular disease (14). Also, RBP-4 is believed to induce expression of enzymes involved in gluconeogenesis in hepatocytes and to impair insulin signaling pathways in skeletal muscle (15). Visfatin is predominantly secreted by visceral tissue; however, it is also found in skeletal muscle, liver, bone marrow, lymphocytes, and placenta (16). Visfatin promotes adipogenesis and exerts insulin-mimetic effects (17). It also upregulates production of proinflammatory cytokines by monocytes (18). Circulating levels of visfatin are increased in patients with type 1 and 2 DM and obesity (13,19). However, the association of visfatin with GDM is still unclear (20). Only a few adipokines have been investigated with respect to their involvement in GDM. Evidence in the existing literature does not support clear roles of chemerin, RBP-4, and visfatin in the prediction of GDM. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association of maternal serum levels of chemerin, RBP-4, visfatin, and insulin with GDM. Therefore, we performed a prospective cross-sectional study in pregnant women with GDM and with normal glucose tolerance. Material and Methods Study populationThis cross-sectional study was conducted in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Hitit University between March 2015 and September 2015. The ethics committee of Ankara Numune Hospital approved the study, which was in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, 2013 Brazil version (20796219-724.131). All participants gave written informed consent for the study. The patients were 18 to 35 years of age and had singleton pregnancies. ...

Circulating apelin, chemerin and omentin levels in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Of the 494 articles that were retrieved, 20 were included in the meta-analysis; four were apelin studies [4,6,7,11], nine were chemerin studies [5,8,15,16,[23][24][25][26][27], five were omentin studies [28][29][30][31][32], one study involved both apelin and omentin [12], and one study involved both chemerin and omentin [33]. The 20 studies enrolled 2981 participants, of which 1493 were GDM patients and 1488 were healthy pregnant women (controls) [4-8, 11, 12, 15, 16, 23-33] (Fig.…”

The role of visfatin in pathogenesis of gestational diabetes (GDM)

“…Kaygusuz et al proved that serum visfatin concentration is significantly higher in GDM and is correlated with ferritin levels [29]. Gorkem et al, did not find any difference in visfatin serum levels among healthy pregnant and the ones with GDM [30].…”

“…There is almost an equal number of studies on circulating maternal visfatin concentrations presenting up-regulation [15][16][17][18][19], down-regulation [20][21][22][23] as well as no influence on GDM development, as compared to the control group [24]. First studies on the relationship between the concentrations of NAMPT and prevalence of GDM were reported 10 years ago.…”

Can adipokine visfatin be a novel marker of pregnancy‐related disorders in women with obesity?

“…Indeed, visfatin appears to be involved in glucose metabolism regulation and IR, suggesting its role in GDM pathogenesis 59 . Research reports have shown increased levels of circulating visfatin in pregnancies complicated with GDM 36,54,58,61,79 . The reason why women with increased BMI are at greater risk of developing GDM is related to an increase in IR.…”