Are all fast radio bursts repeating sources?

Caleb, M.; Stappers, B. W.; Rajwade, Kaustubh; Flynn, Chris

doi:10.1093/mnras/stz386

Cited by 98 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The repeating CHIME FRB 180814.J0422+73 was not included in the present analysis despite its low DM X = 102.4 pc cm −3 [8]. This is partly because of the evidence that several properties of the first repeating FRB 121102, some of which (e.g., the observed repetition, and the burst time-frequency structure) are inconsistent with the population of FRBs that have not been observed to repeat 2,29,30 . Additionally, although the DM X of FRB 180814.J0422+73 is lower than that of FRB 180810.J1159+83, the conclusions reached in the main text are independent of its inclusion in the analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The precise repetition rates of individual FRB sources will depend on the birth rates of the specific progenitor objects, and the lifetimes over which FRBs can be emitted. Recent analyses of the population of FRB sources similar to the repeating FRB 121102 suggest that this object is atypical of the so far non-repeating FRB population 29,30 . However, for example, even an FRB production rate of ∼ 10 2 events per Hubble time per source would be sufficient to resolve the present tension with many of the models discussed here.…”

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confidence: 90%

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The prevalence of repeating fast radio bursts

Ravi

2019

Nat Astron

128

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Fast radio bursts are extragalactic, sub-millisecond radio impulses of unknown origin 1,2 . Their dispersion measures, which quantify the observed frequency-dependent dispersive delays in terms of free-electron column densities, significantly exceed predictions from models 3 of the Milky Way interstellar medium. The excess dispersions are likely accrued as fast radio bursts propagate through their host galaxies, gaseous galactic halos and the intergalactic medium 4,5 . Despite extensive follow-up observations of the published sample of 72 burst sources 6 , only two are observed to repeat 7,8 , and it is unknown whether or not the remainder are truly one-off events. Here I show that the volumetric occurrence rate of so far non-repeating fast radio bursts likely exceeds the rates of candidate cataclysmic progenitor events, and also likely exceeds the birth rates of candidate compact-object sources. This analysis is based on the high detection rate of bursts with low dispersion measures by the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment 9 . Within the existing suite of astrophysical scenarios for fast radio burst progenitors, I conclude that most observed cases originate from sources that emit several bursts over their lifetimes.Thirteen fast radio bursts (FRBs) were published by the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) collaboration, including one repeating source (FRB 180814.J0422+73) that I exclude from my analysis 8,9 (see Methods). These events were detected during a pre-commissioning phase when the instrument was not operating with its full sensitivity and field of view. The survey was conducted over less than 7.82×10 −5 sky-years, implying an all-sky FRB rate floor of 300 day −1 in the 400−800 MHz CHIME frequency band. Despite the systematic uncertainties, this is an order of magnitude greater than the rate of bright FRBs detected with the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) 10 . Additionally, although the ASKAP FRBs typically have lower excess dispersion measures (DMs) than FRBs detected with the more sensitive Parkes telescope, CHIME has a more than ten times higher detection rate than ASKAP at low excess DMs (Figure 1). This motivated the present analysis of the volumetric occurrence rate of FRBs.The paucity of direct distance measurements for FRBs, based for example on observations of FRB host galaxies, has meant that FRB volumetric-rate estimates have relied on ascribing dominant fractions of the excess DMs to the intergalactic medium (IGM) 1,11 . I define the extragalactic DM, DM X , as the difference between FRB DMs and predictions from models 3 of the Milky Way interstellar medium (DM MW ). If FRB DM X values were entirely built up from a homogeneous IGM comprising all cosmic baryons, the DM X range of the CHIME sample of 79-979 pc cm −3 would correspond to a comoving distance range of 0.34−2.52 Gpc [4]. This assumption, together with a host-galaxy contribution to DM X of 100 pc cm −3 , was previously applied to an early sample of four FRBs from the Parkes telesco...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 90%

The prevalence of repeating fast radio bursts

Ravi

2019

Nat Astron

128

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“…Still, very little is known about the population and origin of FRBs (e. g. Katz 2018;Caleb et al 2018;Palaniswamy et al 2018;Caleb et al 2019;James 2019). To keep track of all the different models, they are collected in the living theory catalogue of FRBs (Platts et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast radio burst dispersion measures and rotation measures and the origin of intergalactic magnetic fields

Hackstein

Brüggen

Vazza

et al. 2019

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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We investigate the possibility of measuring intergalactic magnetic fields using the dispersion measures and rotation measures of fast radio bursts. With Bayesian methods, we produce probability density functions for values of these measures. We distinguish between contributions from the intergalactic medium, the host galaxy and the local environment of the progenitor. To this end, we use constrained, magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the local Universe to compute lines-of-sight integrals from the position of the Milky Way. In particular, we differentiate between predominantly astrophysical and primordial origins of magnetic fields in the intergalactic medium. We test different possible types of host galaxies and probe different distribution functions of fast radio burst progenitor locations inside the host galaxy. Under the assumption that fast radio bursts are produced by magnetars, we use analytic predictions to account for the contribution of the local environment. We find that less than 100 fast radio bursts from magnetars in stellar-wind environments hosted by starburst dwarf galaxies at redshift z 0.5 suffice to discriminate between predominantly primordial and astrophysical origins of intergalactic magnetic fields. However, this requires the contribution of the Milky Way to be removed with a precision of ≈ 1 rad m −2 . We show the potential existence of a subset of fast radio bursts whose rotation measure carry information on the strength of the intergalactic magnetic field and its origins.

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“…asteroids hitting neutron stars; Geng & Huang 2015;Dai et al 2016) have also been discussed in the literature. It is possible that not all FRB sources repeat (Palaniswamy et al 2018;Caleb et al 2019). If this is the case, there might be FRBs produced from catastrophic events, such as compact star mergers (Piro 2012;Totani 2013;Kashiyama et al 2013;Liu et al 2016;Wang et al 2016b;Zhang 2019;Dai 2019) and collapse of supramassive neutron stars to black holes (Falcke & Rezzolla 2014;Zhang 2014).…”

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confidence: 99%

The FRB 121102 Host Is Atypical among Nearby Fast Radio Bursts

Zhang

Nagamine

et al. 2019

ApJL

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We search for host galaxy candidates of nearby fast radio bursts (FRBs), FRB 180729. J1316+55, FRB 171020, FRB 171213, FRB 180810.J1159+83, and FRB 180814.J0422+73 (the second repeating FRB). We compare the absolute magnitudes and the expected host dispersion measure DM host of these candidates with that of the first repeating FRB, FRB 121102, as well as those of long gamma ray bursts (LGRBs) and superluminous supernovae (SLSNe), the proposed progenitor systems of FRB 121102. We find that while the FRB 121102 host is consistent with those of LGRBs and SLSNe, the nearby FRB host candidates, at least for FRB 180729.J1316+55, FRB 171020, and FRB180814.J0422+73, either have a smaller DM host or are fainter than FRB121102 host, as well as the hosts of LGRBs and SLSNe. In order to avoid the uncertainty in estimating DM host due to the line-of-sight effect, we propose a galaxy-group-based method to estimate the electron density in the inter-galactic regions, and hence, DM IGM . The result strengthens our conclusion. We conclude that the host galaxy of FRB 121102 is atypical, and LGRBs and SLSNe are likely not the progenitor systems of at least most nearby FRB sources. The recently reported two FRB hosts differ from the host of FRB 121102 and also the host candidates suggested in this paper. This is consistent with the conclusion of our paper and suggests that the FRB hosts are very diverse.

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Are all fast radio bursts repeating sources?

Cited by 98 publications

References 47 publications

The prevalence of repeating fast radio bursts

The prevalence of repeating fast radio bursts

Fast radio burst dispersion measures and rotation measures and the origin of intergalactic magnetic fields

The FRB 121102 Host Is Atypical among Nearby Fast Radio Bursts

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