Are apprenticeships beneficial in sub-Saharan Africa?

Abstract

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Youth, Parental-determined Strategy towards Tackling Perennial Unemployment in Nigeria as Device for a Safe Future

“…Sometimes, the contract involved payment of some charge or it may not, depending upon the nature of relationship between parties involved or the community concerned. In the sub-Saharan Africa, apprenticeships are known as the commonest form of "non-academic training and leads to self-employment rather than to wage jobs" [9].…”

“…Apprenticeship training has also been significant for those youth who are still waiting to make appreciable score in their Post-UTME examinations for tertiary education admission. However, not only those who have deficiency in academic pursuit, but also those who by virtue of tradition and in keeping with personal choice deliberately, opt for a vocation which they think would guarantee good future for them [9]. Similarly, there are undergraduates who opt for apprenticeship in areas such as tailoring, sewing, barbing saloon and phone repairs and so on, around their campuses in order to earn a living instead of waiting endlessly for 'gainful' employment after graduation.…”

“…For example, Olulu and Udeorah [8] noted that apprenticeship training could rid the environment of miscreants and breeding space for full-blown criminal activities as 'idle hands' could become 'the devil's workshop'. It has contributed to the economy as those trained under informal sector of the economy provide services to meet industrial needs [9]. Obi and Agha [16] argued that an apprenticeship practice is a means of creating new businesses, which in turn provides avenues for the creation of new jobs.…”

“…Obi and Agha [16] argued that an apprenticeship practice is a means of creating new businesses, which in turn provides avenues for the creation of new jobs. Apart from expanding the development of the informal sector and aiding traditional skill transfer across generations, it creates opportunities for youths to acquire skills and become self-reliant thereby limiting the queue in the employment market [9]. It also acts as an ameliorative strategy to combat poverty [16].…”

Challenges of Apprenticeship Development and Youths Unemployment in Nigeria

“…With wage opportunities declining rapidly for the young in Nigeria and with continuing growth in demand within the informal sector, apprenticeship will become increasingly attractive. The high rates of joblessness in Nigeria may be due to the low returns for many in the informal sector (those with other means of support do not wish to enter the sector) and to the existence of credit constraints that prevent young adults from being able to pay the costs of undertaking an apprenticeship [26]. Thus, in contrast to educational systems with parallel academic and vocational educational streams, in sub-Saharan countries vocational training through apprenticeships may be an enforced choice for young people when further progress in the formal academic educational system is blocked, either by financial constraints or by their academic performance.…”