Are armed conflicts becoming more urban?

Elfversson, Emma; Höglund, Kristine

doi:10.1016/j.cities.2021.103356

Cited by 17 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Today, conventional warfare is unlikely. The future form of warfare is expected to be an undeclared, multi-domain, subversive and terrorist-riddled one that would involve hybrid strategies (cyber, drones) and grey zone situations with the activities occurring in densely populated spaces (Becker et al 2017;Elfversson and Höglund 2021) as seen in the Russia-Ukraine conflict (Ljungkvist 2022) and Israel-Hamas conflict (Adetunji 2023). To be able to address this nature of warfare, modern technologies such as AI for both surveillance and response will be required.…”

Section: Ai Philosophy For the Militarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Robots and Artificial Intelligence in the Military.

Agarwala

2023

OaS (DaS)

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The Fourth Industrial Revolution introduced numerous disruptive technologies that are changing human life faster than ever before. Right on its heel, the Fifth Industrial Revolution is introducing robotics using Artificial Intelligence aided by Machine Learning. While these are considered the future, the disruption caused by them is forcing changes in how we operate and perceive things. One such area is the ‘military’. Though Artificial Intelligence and robotics are being experimented with as a replacement for humans to de-risk their lives, they are found to be advantageous to reduce the cost of training, rations, supply and maintenance of personnel. They are thus receiving increasing investments for development and deployment. This in return is altering how warfighting is perceived and conducted. To ensure a smooth progression of humans with the numerous technological developments being made in the field of Artificial Intelligence, the article looks at the advances made in these fields for military applications that are improving their sustainability and control, the world over. In addition, to assist decision-makers, a broad-based roadmap for the use of Artificial Intelligence in the military is discussed.

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Section: Ai Philosophy For the Militarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Robots and Artificial Intelligence in the Military.

Agarwala

2023

OaS (DaS)

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“…The first category includes armed conflict between states, as well as armed conflict between a state and one or more rebel groups. For an in-depth analysis of urban-rural patterns in state-based conflict, see Elfversson & Höglund [1] . The second category includes fighting between rebel groups, militias, and communal groups.…”

Section: Data Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To identify which events of armed conflict took place in cities, the data was manually matched to to data from the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD). The dataset enables systematic analysis of urban-rural patterns in armed conflict, as illustrated by Elfversson & Höglund [1] . While existing methods for analysing such patterns frequently rely on matching conflict data to spatial grids combined with population density, the data presented here with higher validity captures whether violent events take place in cities.…”

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confidence: 99%