This paper examines antecedents of job satisfaction of Indian public and private bank employees, and it aims to explore the reason for the difference in job satisfaction between them. The study reveals that there is a substantial difference in terms of job satisfaction between public and private sector bank employees. The public sector bank employees are more satisfied than private-sector bank employees in India. The nature of the job undertaken, the job security and the influence of co-workers emerge as significant predictors of job satisfaction more among public sector bank employees than those in the private sector. Among the demographic characteristics of employees, the education and designation/title of employees have emerged as the best predictor for job satisfaction of public sector bank employees. But in private banks, the strong determents of job satisfaction are the title or designation of employees and experience. We suggest a reason for dissatisfaction can be linked to the recruitment process in banks, which is effective in public but not effective in private banks in India. Henceforth, we suggest that the need for urgent human resource policy intervention is essential for improving the efficacy and efficiency of private bank employees and reducing the severe attrition rate in private sector banks in India.