Are Bryophytes Shade Plants? Photosynthetic Light Responses and Proportions of Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b and Total Carotenoids

Marschall, Mariann; Proctor, M. C. F.

doi:10.1093/aob/mch178

Cited by 238 publications

(238 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The high Chl mass , A mass , and nutrient photosynthetic use efficiencies of the Polytrichaceae in comparison with other species agree with previous research (Marschall & Proctor, 2004). This high photosynthetic potential can be attributed to their structural characteristics.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…These species also showed particularly low values of SMA and LSP, reflecting the adaptive value in shady environments of investing in a large light‐capturing area and a saving in the capacity of photosynthetic dark reactions (Klinka, Krajina, Ceska, & Scagel, 1989; Marschall & Proctor, 2004). In contrast, R. joseph‐hookeri and L. reptans had the lowest scores on the first PCA axis, reflecting their denser morphology and resource‐conservative ecological strategy (Figure 1b) (Wright et al., 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparisons of photosynthesis‐related traits of 27 abundant or subordinate bryophyte species in a subalpine old‐growth fir forest

Wang

Bader

Liu

et al. 2017

Ecology and Evolution

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Bryophyte communities can exhibit similar structural and taxonomic diversity as vascular plant communities, just at a smaller scale. Whether the physiological diversity can be similarly diverse, and whether it can explain local abundance patterns is unknown, due to a lack of community‐wide studies of physiological traits. This study re‐analyzed data on photosynthesis‐related traits (including the nitrogen, phosphorus and chlorophyll concentrations, photosynthetic capacities, and photosynthetic nutrient use efficiencies) of 27 bryophyte species in a subalpine old‐growth fir forest on the eastern Tibetan Plateau. We explored differences between taxonomic groups and hypothesized that the most abundant bryophyte species had physiological advantages relative to other subdominant species. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to summarize the differences among species and trait values of the most abundant and other co‐occurring subdominant species. Species from the Polytrichaceae were separated out on both PCA axes, indicating their high chlorophyll concentrations and photosynthetic capacities (axis 1) and relatively high‐light requirements (axis 2). Mniaceae species also had relatively high photosynthetic capacities, but their light saturation points were low. In contrast, Racomitrium joseph‐hookeri and Lepidozia reptans, two species with a high shoot mass per area, had high‐light requirements and low nutrient and chlorophyll concentrations and photosynthetic capacities. The nutrient concentrations, photosynthetic capacities, and photosynthetic nutrient use efficiencies of the most abundant bryophyte species did not differ from co‐occurring subdominant species. Our research confirms the links between the photosynthesis‐related traits and adaptation strategies of bryophytes. However, species relative abundance was not related to these traits.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparisons of photosynthesis‐related traits of 27 abundant or subordinate bryophyte species in a subalpine old‐growth fir forest

Wang

Bader

Liu

et al. 2017

Ecology and Evolution

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“…Desiccation tolerance in these organisms involves a number of biochemical mechanisms such as the accumulation of nonstructural carbohydrates and other compatible solutes or the up‐ or downregulation of gene expression and protein synthesis (Oliver et al ., 2005). To reduce the rate of water loss, bryophytes also deploy morphological adaptations and preserve a thin layer of capillary water on their leafy shoots (Marschall & Proctor, 2004). Capillary water slows tissue desiccation, but it is a barrier to CO 2 diffusion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bryophyte gas‐exchange dynamics along varying hydration status reveal a significant carbonyl sulphide (COS) sink in the dark and COS source in the light

Gimeno¹,

Ogée²,

Royles

et al. 2017

New Phytologist

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Summary Carbonyl sulphide (COS) is a potential tracer of gross primary productivity (GPP), assuming a unidirectional COS flux into the vegetation that scales with GPP. However, carbonic anhydrase (CA), the enzyme that hydrolyses COS, is expected to be light independent, and thus plants without stomata should continue to take up COS in the dark.We measured net CO 2 (AC) and COS (AS) uptake rates from two astomatous bryophytes at different relative water contents (RWCs), COS concentrations, temperatures and light intensities.We found large AS in the dark, indicating that CA activity continues without photosynthesis. More surprisingly, we found a nonzero COS compensation point in light and dark conditions, indicating a temperature‐driven COS source with a Q 10 (fractional change for a 10°C temperature increase) of 3.7. This resulted in greater AS in the dark than in the light at similar RWC. The processes underlying such COS emissions remain unknown.Our results suggest that ecosystems dominated by bryophytes might be strong atmospheric sinks of COS at night and weaker sinks or even sources of COS during daytime. Biotic COS production in bryophytes could result from symbiotic fungal and bacterial partners that could also be found on vascular plants.

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“…Moreover, biocrust responses to litter cover will be influenced by differences in metabolic requirements among species. The environmental conditions that allow positive rates of net photosynthesis vary among autotrophic species of the biocrust (Lange, 2003;Marschall and Proctor, 2004). As the microenvironment changes with the presence of litter, some species may be able to fulfill their photosynthetic requirements better than others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, the carbon balance of different biocrust organisms will not be affected equally by the litter cover, which could lead to changes in biocrust composition Thompson et al, 2006). In addition, lichens and mosses adapt to changes in temperature and light intensity through various processes including adjustments in photosynthetic pigments, in the quantum efficiency for CO 2 assimilation, and in respiration (Lange, 2003;Marschall and Proctor, 2004;Lange and Green, 2005;Schroeter et al, 2012). The NOTICE: this is the author's version of a work that was accepted for publication in Soil Biology and Biochemistry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bromus tectorum litter alters photosynthetic characteristics of biological soil crusts from a semiarid shrubland

Serpe

Roberts

Eldridge

et al. 2013

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

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Invasion by the exotic annual grass Bromus tectorum has increased the cover and connectivity of fine litter in the sagebrush steppes of western North America. This litter tends to cover biological soil crusts, which could affect their metabolism and growth. To investigate this possible phenomenon, biological soil crusts dominated by either the moss Bryum argenteum or the lichen Diploschistes muscorum were covered with B. tectorum litter (litter treatment) or left uncovered (control treatment) and exposed to natural field conditions. After periods of five and ten months, we removed the litter and compared the photosynthetic performance of biological soil crusts from the two treatments. Litter induced photosynthetic changes in our samples. In both B. argenteum and D. muscorum, biological soil crusts that had been covered with litter for ten months had lower rates of gross photosynthesis and lower chlorophyll content than control samples. Similarly in both biological soil crust types, litter reduced the rate of dark respiration. For D. muscorum, the reduction in dark respiration fully compensated for the decrease in gross photosynthesis, resulting in similar values of net photosynthesis in the two treatments. In contrast, for B. argenteum, net photosynthesis was four-times greater in the control than the litter treatment. Also under litter cover, D. muscorum showed three common adaptations to shade conditions: a decrease in the light compensation point, in the light intensity needed to achieve 95% of maximal net photosynthesis, and in the chlorophyll a/b ratio. None of these changes was apparent in B. argenteum. Overall, our results indicate that photosynthetic responses to the presence of litter varied among species of the crust biota and that the litter can reduce the photosynthetic capacity of biological soil crusts. These results help to explain field observations of decreases in biological soil crust cover and changes in biological soil crust composition with increases in litter cover, and suggest that the landscape-wide invasion by B. tectorum may have substantial effects on biological soil crust performance and therefore their capacity to function in semiarid shrublands.Keywords: Biological soil crusts, Bromus tectorum, Bryum argenteum, Diploschistes muscorum, lichens, litter, mosses, photosynthesis, semiarid environments, sagebrush steppe Abbreviations: Biological soil crusts (biocrusts), ΔF/F m ', photosystem II operating efficiency, F v /F m , maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II photochemistry; LCP, light compensation point, NPQ, non-photochemical quenching; PPFR 95% , light intensity necessary to achieve 95% of maximal net photosynthesis 2

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Are Bryophytes Shade Plants? Photosynthetic Light Responses and Proportions of Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b and Total Carotenoids

Cited by 238 publications

References 35 publications

Comparisons of photosynthesis‐related traits of 27 abundant or subordinate bryophyte species in a subalpine old‐growth fir forest

Comparisons of photosynthesis‐related traits of 27 abundant or subordinate bryophyte species in a subalpine old‐growth fir forest

Bryophyte gas‐exchange dynamics along varying hydration status reveal a significant carbonyl sulphide (COS) sink in the dark and COS source in the light

Bromus tectorum litter alters photosynthetic characteristics of biological soil crusts from a semiarid shrubland

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