Are CB2 Receptors a New Target for Schizophrenia Treatment?

Cortez, Isadora Lopes; Silva, Naielly Rodrigues da; Guimarães, Francisco Silveira; Gomes, F. Pimentel

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.587154

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 174 publications

(225 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Cannabis and cannabidiol reduce the oligodendrocyte, astrocyte, and microglial activity in schizophrenia [209,210]. For example, activated cannabinoid type -2 (CB2) receptors located on microglial cells decrease the effects of activated microglial cells such as neuroinflammation and synaptic pruning [211]. ECT either reduces microglial cell density in the hippocampus [212] or activates microglial cells [213].…”

Section: The Effects Of Antidepressants Antipsychotics and Electroconvulsive Therapy (Ect) On Microglial Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of microglia in neuropsychiatric disorders and suicide

Brisch

Wojtylak

Saniotis

et al. 2021

Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This narrative review examines the possible role of microglial cells, first, in neuroinflammation and, second, in schizophrenia, depression, and suicide. Recent research on the interactions between microglia, astrocytes and neurons and their involvement in pathophysiological processes of neuropsychiatric disorders is presented. This review focuses on results from postmortem, positron emission tomography (PET) imaging studies, and animal models of schizophrenia and depression. Third, the effects of antipsychotic and antidepressant drug therapy, and of electroconvulsive therapy on microglial cells are explored and the upcoming development of therapeutic drugs targeting microglia is described. Finally, there is a discussion on the role of microglia in the evolutionary progression of human lineage. This view may contribute to a new understanding of neuropsychiatric disorders.

show abstract

Section: The Effects Of Antidepressants Antipsychotics and Electroconvulsive Therapy (Ect) On Microglial Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of microglia in neuropsychiatric disorders and suicide

Brisch

Wojtylak

Saniotis

et al. 2021

Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…One putative mechanism is direct activity at cannabinoid (CB) receptors. Both CB 1 and CB 2 receptors have been proposed as relevant targets (Zhang et al 2014 ; Cortez et al 2020 ; Borgan et al 2021 ). CBD is a negative allosteric modulator of the receptors, limiting their response to their endogenous ligands: the endocannabinoids (Laprairie et al 2015 ; Martínez-Pinilla et al 2017 ).…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabidiol (CBD) as a novel treatment in the early phases of psychosis

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The pharmacological interventions available for individuals in the early stages of psychosis are extremely limited. For those at clinical high risk for psychosis, there is no licensed treatment available. For those with first-episode psychosis, all licensed antipsychotic medications act via dopamine D2 receptors. While treatment with antipsychotics is transformative in some patients, in others, it is ineffective. In addition, these medications can often cause adverse effects which make patients reluctant to take them. This is a particular problem in the early phases of psychosis, when patients are being treated for the first time, as unpleasant experiences may colour their future attitude towards treatment. Recent research has suggested that cannabidiol (CBD), a compound found in the Cannabis sativa plant, may have antipsychotic effects and relatively few adverse effects and could therefore be an ideal treatment for the early phases of psychosis, when minimising adverse effects is a clinical priority. In this review, we consider CBD’s potential as a treatment in the clinical high risk and first-episode stages of psychosis. First, we describe the limitations of existing treatments at these two stages. We then describe what is known of CBD’s mechanisms of action, effectiveness as a treatment for psychosis, adverse effects and acceptability to patients. We discuss how some of the outstanding issues about the utility of CBD in the early phases of psychosis may be resolved through ongoing clinical trials. Finally, we consider the impact of recreational cannabis use and over-the-counter cannabinoids preparations and discuss the potential therapeutic role of other compounds that modulate the endocannabinoid system in psychosis.

show abstract

“…CB2R was found in the brainstem, microglia and astrocytes [ 67 , 68 ]. Brain CB2R is inducible and is up-regulated in response to various insults [ 69 , 70 ]. Similar to the CB1R, CB2R can activate the same downstream signaling pathways, including MAP kinases and phosphatidyl- inositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt, and ultimately suppressing neuronal activity [ 71 , 72 ].…”

Section: Endocannabinoid System In the Brainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Receptor-Dependent and Independent Regulation of Voltage-Gated Ca2+ Channels and Ca2+-Permeable Channels by Endocannabinoids in the Brain

Boczek

Żylińska

2021

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The activity of specific populations of neurons in different brain areas makes decisions regarding proper synaptic transmission, the ability to make adaptations in response to different external signals, as well as the triggering of specific regulatory pathways to sustain neural function. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) appears to be a very important, highly expressed, and active system of control in the central nervous system (CNS). Functionally, it allows the cells to respond quickly to processes that occur during synaptic transmission, but can also induce long-term changes. The endocannabinoids (eCBs) belong to a large family of bioactive lipid mediators that includes amides, esters, and ethers of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. They are produced “on demand” from the precursors located in the membranes, exhibit a short half-life, and play a key role as retrograde messengers. eCBs act mainly through two receptors, CB1R and CB2R, which belong to the G-protein coupled receptor superfamily (GPCRs), but can also exert their action via multiple non-receptor pathways. The action of eCBs depends on Ca2+, but eCBs can also regulate downstream Ca2+ signaling. In this short review, we focus on the regulation of neuronal calcium channels by the most effective members of eCBs-2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), anandamide (AEA) and originating from AEA-N-arachidonoylglycine (NAGly), to better understand the contribution of ECS to brain function under physiological conditions.

show abstract

Are CB2 Receptors a New Target for Schizophrenia Treatment?

Cited by 23 publications

References 174 publications

The role of microglia in neuropsychiatric disorders and suicide

The role of microglia in neuropsychiatric disorders and suicide

Cannabidiol (CBD) as a novel treatment in the early phases of psychosis

Receptor-Dependent and Independent Regulation of Voltage-Gated Ca2+ Channels and Ca2+-Permeable Channels by Endocannabinoids in the Brain

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About