Are coping strategies and variability in their use associated with lifespan?

Trudel‐Fitzgerald, Claudia; Chen, Ruijia; Lee, Lewina O.; Kubzansky, Laura D.

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2022.111035

Cited by 7 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Direct self-report measures of coping and emotion regulation are not always available. For instance, only a few large, well-characterized, and longstanding studies have data on these key regulatory processes (e.g., Roohafza et al, 2022; Svensson et al, 2016; Trudel-Fitzgerald et al, 2021, 2022). This scarcity considerably limits the examination and understanding of their long-term predictors and consequences.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Measures capturing many strategies seem preferable as they more likely reflect the repertoire of strategies used to cope with stressors and regulate emotions and, in turn, portray how flexibly strategies are applied. Accordingly, authors have validated different ways to operationalize coping and emotion regulation flexibility, based on multi-items scales and intensive longitudinal assessments of at least two strategies (e.g., Benson et al, 2019; Blanke et al, 2020; Bonanno et al, 2011; Cheng et al, 2014; Trudel-Fitzgerald et al, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Secondly, deficits in these processes are observed across various psychopathologies, highlighting their transdiagnostic nature (Aldao et al, 2010; Compas et al, 2017). Thirdly, they are increasingly studied as psychological predictors of physical health and longevity (Kraynak et al, 2018; Mathur et al, 2022; Trudel-Fitzgerald et al, 2015, 2021, 2022). These elements led to major scientific advances: The field of psychological resilience is growing exponentially (Choi et al, 2019; Denckla et al, 2020; Nishimi et al, 2021; Southwick et al, 2014), psychotherapies are increasingly favouring a transdiagnostic approach that directly tackles these regulatory processes (Sauer-Zavala et al, 2021), and leaders have recently urged scientists to consider optimal psychological functioning as a modifiable predictor of physical health (Levine et al, 2021; Trudel-Fitzgerald et al, 2017, in press).…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, active coping would fall under the problem-focused style, while acceptance and denial would be part of the emotion-focused style. Yet, scholars have critiqued this approach on empirical and conceptual grounds: In fact, some strategies load on more than one coping style, suggesting these overarching categories are not mutually exclusive, and certain styles have been judged too broad because even within the same category, distinct strategies may still have distinct effects on health outcomes (Carver et al, 1989; Penley et al, 2002; Troy et al, 2023; Trudel-Fitzgerald et al, 2022).…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They also help to manage emotional reactions to stressors in a deliberate, goal-directed way (Compas et al, 2014; Gross, 1999; Troy et al, 2023), albeit some strategies may be used less consciously (Bonanno & Burton, 2013; Kalisch et al, 2015; Stanisławski, 2019). Further, both include strategies that are seen as mostly adaptive versus maladaptive, given the direction of their relations with mental and physical health outcomes (Hu et al, 2014; Kato, 2015; Penley et al, 2002; Trudel-Fitzgerald et al, 2022, in press). Yet, authors from both frameworks have criticized this adaptive–maladaptive dichotomization (e.g., the Fallacy of Uniform Efficacy argument by Bonanno & Burton, 2013) and many have argued that the implementation and efficacy of these strategies are rather sensitive to context and should, in turn, be used flexibly across situations to promote optimal adjustment (Aldao et al, 2015; Bonanno & Burton, 2013; Cheng et al, 2014).…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Coping and emotion regulation: A conceptual and measurement scoping review.

Trudel-Fitzgerald,

Boucher,

Morin

et al. 2024

Canadian Psychology / Psychologie canadienne

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The fields of coping and emotion regulation have mostly evolved separately over decades, although considerable overlap exists. Despite increasing efforts to unite them from a conceptual standpoint, it remains unclear whether conceptual similarities translate into their measurement. The main objective of this review was to summarize and compare self-reported measures of coping and emotion regulation strategies. The secondary objective was to examine whether other psychological measures (e.g., resilience) indirectly reflect regulatory strategies' effectiveness, thus representing additionally informative approaches. Results indicated substantial overlap between coping and emotion regulation measures. In both frameworks, two to eight individual strategies were usually captured, but only a third included ≤20 items. The most commonly evaluated strategies were reappraisal/reinterpretation, active coping/problem solving, acceptance, avoidance, and suppression. Evidence also suggested psychological distress and well-being measures, especially in certain contexts like natural stress experiments, and resilience measures are possible indirect assessments of these regulatory strategies' effectiveness. These results are interpreted in the light of a broader, integrative affect regulation framework, and a conceptual model connecting coping, emotion regulation, resilience, psychological well-being, and psychological distress is introduced. We further discussed the importance of alignment between individuals, contexts, and strategies used and provided directions for future research. Altogether, coping and emotion regulation measures meaningfully overlap. Joint consideration of both frameworks in future research would widen the repertoire of available measures and orient their selection based on other aspects like length or strategies covered, rather than the framework only. Public Significance StatementBoth coping and emotion regulation fields study how individuals adapt to emotional and stressful experiences but have evolved separately for several decades. Following recent scientific efforts to highlight their conceptual similarities, this review summarizes and compares self-reported scales used to measure these two constructs. Results show that coping and emotion regulation measures meaningfully overlap, encouraging their joint consideration to broaden the repertoire of tools available to better understand how individuals adjust to minor and major life events.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Coping and emotion regulation: A conceptual and measurement scoping review.

Trudel-Fitzgerald,

Boucher,

Morin

et al. 2024

Canadian Psychology / Psychologie canadienne

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Affect regulation and allostatic load over time

Ng,

Gruenewald,

Juster

et al. 2024

Psychoneuroendocrinology

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Are there sociodemographic-specific associations of coping with heart disease and diabetes incidence?

Ng,

Kubzansky,

Guimond

et al. 2024

Health Psychology

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Objective: Psychological factors, including psychological distress and well-being, have been associated with cardiometabolic disease risk. Here, we examined whether a psychological process, namely how individuals cope with stressors, relates to such risk, which has been understudied. Method: During 2004-2006, 2,142 participants without heart disease and diabetes from the Midlife in the U.S. study completed a validated coping inventory assessing six strategies (positive reinterpretation and growth, active coping, planning, focus on and venting of emotion, denial, and behavioral disengagement) and relevant covariates. As a proxy for coping flexibility, participants were also classified as having lower, moderate, or greater variability in their use of these strategies. Heart disease and diabetes were documented in 2013-2015. Logistic regressions modeled adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of developing heart disease and diabetes, separately, with coping exposures. Results: In sociodemographic-adjusted models, greater use of adaptive strategies predicted lower diabetes risk (e.g., positive reinterpretation and growth: AOR = 0.83; 95% CI [0.72, 0.96]); estimates were weaker for maladaptive strategies, and all strategies were unrelated to heart disease. All associations for coping variability were null. In secondary analyses, greater use of adaptive strategies predicted lower heart disease risk in more educated participants only (e.g., active coping: AOR = 0.71; 95% CI [0.55, 0.92]) and lower diabetes risk in females only (e.g., planning: AOR = 0.75; 95% CI [0.61, 0.91]). Results were maintained additionally adjusting for health, behavioral, and social factors. Conclusions: Findings suggest sex and education differences in coping's association with heart disease and diabetes. Future studies should recognize adaptive strategies may be more potent for health among certain populations. Public Significance StatementDespite convincing evidence linking stressors and psychological distress to cardiometabolic disease risk, this is the first study examining the role of stress-related coping strategies and variability in their use in the onset of heart disease and diabetes. Results suggest the associations of coping with these conditions vary by sex and education levels, which underscores the importance of evaluating psychosocial interventions that are sociodemographic-specific to possibly prevent heart disease and diabetes.

show abstract

Are coping strategies and variability in their use associated with lifespan?

Cited by 7 publications

References 43 publications

Coping and emotion regulation: A conceptual and measurement scoping review.

Coping and emotion regulation: A conceptual and measurement scoping review.

Affect regulation and allostatic load over time

Are there sociodemographic-specific associations of coping with heart disease and diabetes incidence?

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