Are dietary supplement users more likely to dope than non-users?: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Hurst, Philip; Schiphof-Godart, Lieke; Kavussanu, Maria; Barkoukis, Vassilis; Petróczi, Andrea; Ring, Christopher

doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2023.104077

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…This is of particular interest to athletes, as some of them tend to take more than one supplement simultaneously. Moreover, the use of dietary supplements may favor doping use [61,62]. It is worth mentioning that these doping substances are marketed for their anabolic properties (oxandrolone, DHEA, and androstenedione) and for being a precursor of testosterone (DHEA and androstenedione) [63].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tribulus terrestris and Sport Performance: A Quantitative and Qualitative Evaluation of Its Advertisement and Availability via Online Shopping in Six Different Countries

Garcia,

Seco-Calvo,

Arribalzaga

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Dietary supplements are commonly used among athletes, and the Internet may be an easy source of these products. Tribulus terrestris is an herbal supplement with multiple properties. Of interest to athletes are reports that its consumption can lead to muscle mass gain and a faster recovery process. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to determine the availability of Tribulus terrestris via the Internet in six countries (Canada, Puerto Rico, Russia, Spain, Ukraine, and the United States of America) via a specifically designed computer program. The characteristics of the websites selling this substance, the country from which it can be purchased, the route of administration, and recommendations for its use were analyzed. The results of the study show that this supplement is marketed mainly in Russia, Ukraine, and Spain on many websites that are mostly dedicated to sports products. Just over half of the webpages (59.14%) identified only distribute this supplement within the same country. The main claims for its consumption refer to sports performance benefits, but there are also claims that it may improve male hormone levels and sexual function. Athletes should be encouraged to seek professional advice prior to ingesting this supplement to ensure that it is suitable for their specific training and sports objectives.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tribulus terrestris and Sport Performance: A Quantitative and Qualitative Evaluation of Its Advertisement and Availability via Online Shopping in Six Different Countries

Garcia,

Seco-Calvo,

Arribalzaga

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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“…"Yes" and "no" responses for each item were interpreted as "low-risk of bias (+)" and "high-risk of bias (Â)," respectively, and the robvis tool was used to visualize the results (McGuinness & Higgins, 2021). The overall risk of bias for individual studies was determined based on the percentage of "yes" ratings as follows: high (<49%: Â), moderate (50-69%: -), and low (>70%: +) (Hurst et al, 2023;Yun et al, 2023).…”

Section: Risk Of Bias Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors of skin barrier dysfunction in older adults: A systematic review

Konya,

Shishido,

Nemoto

et al. 2024

Japan Journal Nursing Sci

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AimSkin barrier dysfunction can trigger various skin disorders in older adults. Skin barrier assessment is essential for nurses and caregivers to prevent skin disorders; however, the evidence available for clinical assessment is limited. This systematic review aimed to clarify the risk factors of skin barrier dysfunction in older adults.MethodsThis review adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The four databases were searched using multiple terms related to “aged” and “skin barrier.” The search was initially run on April 19, 2023, and rerun on October 12, 2023. Peer‐reviewed quantitative studies in English were included, with no publication time limit being set. Two reviewers assessed the risk of bias in a blinded and independent manner using JBI tools. Owing to the heterogeneity of the results, a narrative synthesis was performed.ResultsAmong the database‐identified 4833 studies, 20 studies were included. The extracted factors were categorized as demographic characteristics, functional characteristics, chronic diseases, nutritional status, skin condition, and environmental factors. However, owing to high risk of bias and inconsistent results across studies, only chronic kidney disease and dry skin were considered risk factors for skin barrier dysfunction in older adults.ConclusionsAssessment of chronic kidney disease and dry skin in daily skin care may guide the development of personalized skincare programs to maintain skin integrity in older adults. Furthermore, cohort studies that consider confounding factors and the reliability of measurements are needed for an in‐depth investigation into skin barrier dysfunction and more risk factors.

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“…In a meta-analysis, Knapik et al [ 12 ] reported that approximately two-thirds (60%) of athletes use a dietary supplement and that the prevalence estimates may vary by elite level and sport. However, if used excessively or incorrectly, dietary supplements may also have the potential to impair athletic performance, damage health, and induce more positive attitudes toward doping [ 1 , 13 ]. With respect to the latter, the notion is that the use of dietary supplements could influence athletes’ tendency to feel comfortable taking substances to improve performance, which may elicit more favorable attitudes toward experimenting with stronger and prohibited performance-enhancing substances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The present study aimed to address this knowledge gap to better understand supplement use as a potential forerunner to attitudes toward doping [ 18 ]. Providing a better understanding of athletes’ position regarding their dietary supplement acceptance may also be a key to prevent supplement users from turning to doping [ 13 ]. Additionally, the present study also contributes to the fight against doping by raising awareness of anti-doping measures among athletes themselves, aiding centralized bodies in their preventative work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supplement usage and doping attitudes in elite youth sports: The mediating role of dietary supplement acceptance

Kristensen,

Haugen,

Ommundsen

2024

PLoS ONE

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This study investigated whether dietary supplement acceptance mediated the relationship between supplement use and doping attitudes in youth sports. To this end, we employed a two-wave half-longitudinal design during a sports season (time point one [T1] to time point two [T2]). The sample consisted of 217 elite youth athletes (47% male; mean age = 16.98 years, standard deviation = 0.88) who competed in team sports (43%; N = 93; basketball, floorball, handball, and ice hockey) and individual sports (57%; N = 124; alpine skiing, biathlon, cross-country skiing, swimming, and tennis). The participants were recruited from eight Norwegian sports academy high schools that provide extracurricular, higher-level training and specialization for youth athletes. Results from structural equation modeling analysis indicated that dietary supplement acceptance (T2) mediated the positive relationship between supplement use (T1) and doping attitudes (T2) when accounting for prior levels of the mediator and the outcome variable. These findings suggest that when young athletes used dietary supplements at the start of the season to improve their performance, they were more likely to view the use of supplements as acceptable and to report more favorable attitudes toward doping at the end of the season six months later. For those seeking to prevent doping in youth sports, targeting athletes’ views on the acceptable use of dietary supplements may be important.

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Are dietary supplement users more likely to dope than non-users?: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 15 publications

References 60 publications

Tribulus terrestris and Sport Performance: A Quantitative and Qualitative Evaluation of Its Advertisement and Availability via Online Shopping in Six Different Countries

Tribulus terrestris and Sport Performance: A Quantitative and Qualitative Evaluation of Its Advertisement and Availability via Online Shopping in Six Different Countries

Risk factors of skin barrier dysfunction in older adults: A systematic review

Supplement usage and doping attitudes in elite youth sports: The mediating role of dietary supplement acceptance

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