Are Essential Women’s Healthcare Services Fully Covered? A Comparative Analysis of Policy Documents in Shanghai and New York City from 1978–2017

Zhou, Qingyu; Yu, Qiu-Run; Wang, Xin; Shi, Peng; Shen, Qunhong; Zhang, Zhaoyang; Chen, Zheng; Chuan, Pu; Xu, Lingzhong; Zhi, Hu; Ma, Anlin; Gong, Zhaohui; Xu, Tianqiang; Wang, Panshi; Wang, Hua; Hao, Chao; Li, Li; Gao, Xiang; Li, Chengyue; Hao, Mo

doi:10.3390/ijerph18084261

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Com isso, o número de mulheres com acesso à tecnologia apropriada ao parto aumentou nos períodos de 2011 a 2017, com diminuição das práticas consideradas prejudiciais, diminuição das taxas de cesariana no setor privado e aumento da idade gestacional ao nascer, o que evidenciou que políticas públicas bem conduzidas podem reduzir desfechos maternos e neonatais negativos (Leal et al, 2019). O aumento da disponibilidade e de acessibilidade de serviços de saúde para mulheres também contribui para a redução da taxa de mortalidade materna e de complicações pós-parto, colabora para a prevenção de doenças e para a melhoria das condições de saúde (Zhou et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Avanços e desafios das políticas públicas relacionadas à saúde da mulher no Brasil nos últimos 20 anos: uma revisão de literatura

Oliveira

Gil²,

Guimarães³

et al. 2023

RSD

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As políticas públicas precisaram ser revistas e ampliadas para oferecer atenção integral à saúde das mulheres, visto que gênero é uma construção social, dinâmica, relacional e que mulheres não compõem um grupo homogêneo, assim, a consideração de fatores que impactam de diferentes formas o acesso à saúde faz-se essencial para esta análise. O presente artigo objetiva tratar dos avanços e desafios, nos últimos 20 anos, das políticas públicas relacionadas à saúde da mulher no Brasil. Para isto, realizou-se uma revisão exploratória integrativa de literatura. Utilizou-se a estratégia PICO (Patient, Intervention, Comparation e Outcome) para definição da pergunta norteadora do estudo. Realizou-se um levantamento bibliográfico de artigos, publicados entre 2017-2022, que contemplassem ao tema da pesquisa. A discussão de políticas públicas relacionadas à saúde da mulher requer a compreensão da Teoria Social de Gênero e como as estruturas sociais de poder influenciam nos processos de saúde e adoecimento. Apesar da criação de leis específicas, há ausência de diálogo acerca das desigualdades e escassa participação da mulher nos espaços políticos decisórios, o que ocasiona obstáculos. Em vinte anos, mesmo com reconhecidos avanços em relação às políticas públicas dedicadas às mulheres no Brasil, há ainda um longo caminho no enfrentamento de desigualdades para contemplar, de maneira integral, uma população tão diversa em todo o seu ciclo de vida.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Avanços e desafios das políticas públicas relacionadas à saúde da mulher no Brasil nos últimos 20 anos: uma revisão de literatura

Oliveira

Gil²,

Guimarães³

et al. 2023

RSD

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“…We obtained the PECR, SMCNR, MPR, and AMCR data from the content analysis of policy documents collected from official websites of the legislature and legal databases of 31 provinces in mainland China (updated as of 2019). The types of policy documents included laws, regulations, strategies, norms, rules, plans, budgets, guidelines, and standards [ 38 ]. Policy documents which were duplicate, or without administrative validity or a specific publication date, were excluded [ 38 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The types of policy documents included laws, regulations, strategies, norms, rules, plans, budgets, guidelines, and standards [ 38 ]. Policy documents which were duplicate, or without administrative validity or a specific publication date, were excluded [ 38 ]. Finally, a total of 1393 documents were collected in our study (Figure S1 in the Online Supplementary Document ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of new health care reform on enabling environment for children’s health in China: An interrupted time-series study

Huangfu

Zhang

et al. 2022

J Glob Health

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Background Creating an enabling environment (EE) can help foster the development and health of children. The Chinese government implemented a new health care reform (NHR) in 2009 in a move to promote an EE for health. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of the NHR on EE for children’s health. Methods An interrupted time-series analysis was used to evaluate the changes in the EE before and after 2009 in China. This study analysed the EE through five quantitative indicators, including policy element coverage rate (PECR), service meeting with children’s needs rate (SMCNR), multisector participation rate (MPR), and accountability mechanism clarity rate (AMCR), based on the content analysis of available public policy documents (updated as of 2019) from 31 provinces in mainland China, and the number of health care personnel of maternity and child care centres per 10 000 population (HP per 10 000 population), based on the 2002–2019 China Health Statistical Yearbook and China Statistical Yearbook. Results The average values of PECR, SMCNR, and MPR increased rapidly to 90.96%, 82.46%, and 81.31%, respectively, in 2019, representing a higher value compared to the AMCR (7.38%). The NHR promoted the EE, in which HP per 10 000 population showed the fastest increase (β 1 = 0.03, P < 0.01; β 3 = 0.10, P < 0.01), followed by SMCNR (β 1 = 0.94, P < 0.01; β 3 = 1.83, P < 0.01), AMCR (β 1 = 0.13, P < 0.01; β 3 = 0.24, P = 0.14), MPR (β 1 = 1.35, P < 0.01; β 3 = 2.47, P < 0.01) and PECR (β 1 = 1.43, P < 0.01; β 3 = 1.47, P < 0.01). Conclusions The NHR has a positive impact on the EE, especially on the human resources and service provision for children. Efforts should be intensified to improve the clarity of the accountability mechanism of the health-related sectors.

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“…According to policy documents from the WHO and China (26,27), at least 21 stakeholders should be involved in PHS for TB: provincial governments; health commissions; public health institutions; hospitals; primary healthcare providers; development and reform commissions; departments of finance; human resources and social security departments; healthcare security administrations; departments of education; departments of civil affairs; departments of agriculture and rural affairs; departments of commerce; departments of transport; departments of justice; administrations for market regulation; entry-exit inspection and quarantine bureaus; public security departments; radio and television administrations; customs; non-governmental organizations.…”

Section: Indicator Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Public Health Services on the Goal of Ending Tuberculosis: Evidence From Panel Data in China

Yang

Zhou

Yang

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundThe World Health Organization has proposed an initiative to “end tuberculosis (TB).” Unfortunately, TB continues to endanger the health of people worldwide. We investigated the impact of public health services (PHS) in China on TB incidence. In this way, we provided policy ideas for preventing the TB epidemic.MethodsWe used the “New Public Management Theory” to develop two indicators to quantify policy documents: multisector participation (MP) and the Assessable Public Health Service Coverage Rate (ASCR). The panel data from 31 provinces in Chinese mainland were collected from 2005 to 2019 based on 1,129 policy documents and the China Statistical Yearbook. A fixed-effect model was used to determine the impact of MP and the ASCR on TB incidence.ResultsFrom 2005 to 2019, the average MP increased from 89.25 to 97.70%, and the average ASCR increased from 53.97 to 78.40% in Chinese mainland. However, the development of ASCR between regions was not balanced, and the average level in the western region was lower than that in the eastern coastal provinces. With an increase in MP and the ASCR, the TB incidence had been decreasing gradually in recent years. The panel analysis results showed that MP (β = −0.76, p < 0.05). and ASCR (β = −0.40, p < 0.01) had a negative effect on TB incidence, respectively. Even if the control variables were added, the negative effects of MP (β = −0.86, p < 0.05) and ASCR (β = −0.35, p < 0.01) were still statistically significant.ConclusionsPromoting the participation of multiple departments, as well as emphasizing the quality of PHS delivery, are important ways to alleviate the TB epidemic. The settings of evaluation indices for PHS provision should be strengthened in the future.

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Are Essential Women’s Healthcare Services Fully Covered? A Comparative Analysis of Policy Documents in Shanghai and New York City from 1978–2017

Cited by 5 publications

References 42 publications

Avanços e desafios das políticas públicas relacionadas à saúde da mulher no Brasil nos últimos 20 anos: uma revisão de literatura

Avanços e desafios das políticas públicas relacionadas à saúde da mulher no Brasil nos últimos 20 anos: uma revisão de literatura

Impact of new health care reform on enabling environment for children’s health in China: An interrupted time-series study

Influence of Public Health Services on the Goal of Ending Tuberculosis: Evidence From Panel Data in China

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