Are event-related potential components generated by phase resetting of brain oscillations? A critical discussion

Sauseng, Paul; Klimesch, Wolfgang; Gruber, Walter; Hanslmayr, Simon; Freunberger, Roman; Doppelmayr, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.03.014

Cited by 347 publications

(288 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Previous work in rodents and humans has shown that ongoing theta oscillations undergo a phase reset during salient events (e.g., stimulus onset) in certain memory tasks (28)(29)(30), suggesting that phase-locking of hippocampal theta to incoming sensory information is an important element of stimulus processing during encoding. Only neural events for which there is an increase in phase concentration without a concurrent change in power at the dominant frequency meet the criteria for a "true" phase reset (31)(32)(33). The former requirement may be assessed through multiple means, including the observation of oscillatory activity in the postevent signal after averaging across multiple events (i.e., ref.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oscillatory activity in the monkey hippocampus during visual exploration and memory formation

Jutras¹,

Fries

Buffalo

2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

253

266

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Primates explore the visual world through the use of saccadic eye movements. Neuronal activity in the hippocampus, a structure known to be essential for memory, is modulated by this saccadic activity, but the relationship between visual exploration through saccades and memory formation is not well understood. Here, we identify a link between theta-band (3-12 Hz) oscillatory activity in the hippocampus and saccadic activity in monkeys performing a recognition memory task. As monkeys freely explored novel images, saccades produced a theta-band phase reset, and the reliability of this phase reset was predictive of subsequent recognition. In addition, enhanced theta-band power before stimulus onset predicted stronger stimulus encoding. Together, these data suggest that hippocampal theta-band oscillations act in concert with active exploration in the primate and possibly serve to establish the optimal conditions for stimulus encoding.T he use of saccadic eye movements to acquire information about the surrounding environment is perhaps the most conspicuous example of exploratory behavior in the primate. This behavior provides a mechanism for parsing incoming information into discrete, stable segments (i.e., snapshots of individual elements comprising a complex visual scene, allowing time for sufficient processing to occur before moving to the next fixation target). This mechanism of actively sampling sensory information from the environment may be similar to the behaviors engaged in by rodents exploring their environment through such activities as sniffing and whisking. Specifically, the fixation period following each saccade may be homologous to the period of incoming sensory information accompanying each sniff cycle in the rodent (1). Recently, it has been suggested that motor behaviors associated with information gathering are integral to the "active sensing" process in natural behavior (2). It is plausible that there may exist certain common neuronal elements across species that are associated with active sensing processes, such that the neuronal mechanisms underlying the encoding of information are intimately connected with the motor activities involved in acquiring that information.In many mammalian species, voluntary, exploratory behaviors are often associated with theta-band activity, a prominent 3-to 12-Hz oscillatory activity in the hippocampus and other limbic structures. This activity has been studied extensively in the rodent hippocampus (3-5), but it has also been described in bats (6), cats (7), and, more recently, humans (8-11). In rodents, theta appears to show close temporal relationships with running (3, 12) and sniffing (13), suggesting an association between theta and the rate of sensory input. Although hippocampal theta has been identified in anesthetized monkeys (14), the lack of a clear demonstration of hippocampal theta in awake monkeys has been attributed to the fact that the recording methods typically require immobile, head-affixed monkeys, in contrast to rodent studies using freely moving ...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oscillatory activity in the monkey hippocampus during visual exploration and memory formation

Jutras¹,

Fries

Buffalo

2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

253

266

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…This finding is consistent with our second hypothesis, i.e., a phase reset of visual oscillations by auditory stimuli. Note, however, that there is an ongoing debate on how phase reset can be demonstrated unambiguously (Sauseng et al, 2007). If total power showed a strong decrease after stimulation, this decrease could mask a weak increase that would otherwise contradict a phase reset, as has been shown for visually induced decrease of total power (Min et al, 2007).…”

Section: Phase Resettingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Auditory Event-Related Response in Visual Cortex Modulates Subsequent Visual Responses in Humans

Naue

Rach²,

Strüber³

et al. 2011

J. Neurosci.

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Growing evidence from electrophysiological data in animal and human studies suggests that multisensory interaction is not exclusively a higher-order process, but also takes place in primary sensory cortices. Such early multisensory interaction is thought to be mediated by means of phase resetting. The presentation of a stimulus to one sensory modality resets the phase of ongoing oscillations in another modality such that processing in the latter modality is modulated. In humans, evidence for such a mechanism is still sparse. In the current study, the influence of an auditory stimulus on visual processing was investigated by measuring the electroencephalogram (EEG) and behavioral responses of humans to visual, auditory, and audiovisual stimulation with varying stimulus-onset asynchrony (SOA). We observed three distinct oscillatory EEG responses in our data. An initial gamma-band response around 50 Hz was followed by a beta-band response around 25 Hz, and a theta response around 6 Hz. The latter was enhanced in response to cross-modal stimuli as compared to either unimodal stimuli. Interestingly, the beta response to unimodal auditory stimuli was dominant in electrodes over visual areas. The SOA between auditory and visual stimuli-albeit not consciously perceived-had a modulatory impact on the multisensory evoked beta-band responses; i.e., the amplitude depended on SOA in a sinusoidal fashion, suggesting a phase reset. These findings further support the notion that parameters of brain oscillations such as amplitude and phase are essential predictors of subsequent brain responses and might be one of the mechanisms underlying multisensory integration.

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“…However, the boundaries of significant zones in Mercier et al's (2015) Figures 4 and 5 are difficult to discern, due to their use of a linear frequency axis. Depicting time-frequency PLVs on a logarithmic frequency axis (Morillon et al, 2012) or with the axis limited to bands of interest (e.g., delta and theta; Sauseng et al, 2007) would highlight the areas in question and facilitate the reader's interpretation of the data. Although a strong correlation between reaction time and interregional synchrony could imply faster time to synchrony, quantifying and comparing the latency to maximum interregional phase alignment is necessary to test the hypothesis that multimodal stimulation leads to faster phase locking.…”

Section: Review Of Mercier Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Multisensory Integration Reveals Temporal Coding across a Human Sensorimotor Network

et al. 2015

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Are event-related potential components generated by phase resetting of brain oscillations? A critical discussion

Cited by 347 publications

References 46 publications

Oscillatory activity in the monkey hippocampus during visual exploration and memory formation

Oscillatory activity in the monkey hippocampus during visual exploration and memory formation

Auditory Event-Related Response in Visual Cortex Modulates Subsequent Visual Responses in Humans

Multisensory Integration Reveals Temporal Coding across a Human Sensorimotor Network

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