“…The use of secure messaging in patient portals is believed to have a positive impact on patient-provider communication and the corresponding benefits, such as improving patient engagement and understanding of their treatment (Franklin, 2013;Kuo & Dang, 2016). One recent study suggested that patients generated about 9.86 messages using a secure messaging system in the patient portals in a year (Heisey-Grove, Rathert, McClelland, Jackson, & DeShazo, 2021).…”