Are low doses of tritium genotoxic to Mytilus edulis?

Jha, Awadhesh N.; Dogra, Yuktee; Turner, Andrew; Millward, G.E.

doi:10.1016/j.marenvres.2006.04.023

Cited by 23 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Background levels of DNA damage in the controls were around 7±6 (MG) and 4±3 % (DP, % Tail DNA), relatable to previous findings [3,5,71,100], this suggests general good health of the unexposed (control) individuals. Interestingly, Cu genotoxicity was not significantly evident at the lowest concentrations (18 µg L -1 ), in either species.…”

Section: Cu Induced Genotoxicity In Gill Cellssupporting

confidence: 46%

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Assessing relative sensitivity of marine and freshwater bivalves following exposure to copper: Application of classical and novel genotoxicological biomarkers

Vernon

Jha

2019

Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagene

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Determination of relative sensitivity of biota following exposures to contaminants including metals is important for environmental protection. Copper (Cu), although biologically essential can be highly toxic to biota if present at higher concentrations in the natural environment. Given its ubiquitous presence within coastal and inland water bodies, we compared Cu-induced genotoxicity in two ecologically important mussel species, the freshwater Dreissena polymorpha (DP) and marine Mytilus galloprovincialis (MG), along with its tissue specific accumulation. Novel biomarker in terms of induction of gamma H2AX (γ-H2AX) foci, along with comet assay and induction of micronuclei (MN) were used to determine DNA damage response (DDR) in these two species following exposure to a range of Cu concentrations (18, 32, 56 µg L-1) for 10 days. Concentration-dependent increases in Cu concentration in gill tissue, as determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS), were paralleled by a greater degree of genotoxicity. An induction of γ-H2AX foci was present in all Cu exposure concentrations, proving this technique to be a sensitive and suitable biomarker of genotoxicity in bivalves. The multibiomarker approach adopted here suggests firstly that in parallel with MG, which is widely used to assess the health of marine and coastal environment, DP is also suitable representative of inland water bodies, and that there is a similar mechanism of action for the induction of genotoxicity between the two species, following exposure to Cu. Secondly, for genotoxicity assessment a battery of responses could simultaneously be assessed in these two bivalve species. Finally, for adequate protection of the environment it is vital to adopt a multi-biomarker, multi-species approach to determine adverse biological effects to gain a holistic understanding of the real threat posed by contaminants to hydrosphere.

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Section: Cu Induced Genotoxicity In Gill Cellssupporting

confidence: 46%

“…It is well accepted that following uptake, waterborne contaminants are not uniformly distributed among the tissues due to their inherent metabolic capabilities [4,17,37,[71][72][73][74].…”

Section: Tissue-specific Cu Accumulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing relative sensitivity of marine and freshwater bivalves following exposure to copper: Application of classical and novel genotoxicological biomarkers

Vernon

Jha

2019

Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagene

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“…The observed biological responses may be reflective of this form of radioactive phosphorus . Our study firstly suggests that gill and digestive gland tissues are sensitive and reliable cell types for assessing IR-induced damage, alongside haemocytes which are predominantly chosen as target cell types to study biological responses (Jha et al, 2005(Jha et al, , 2006Jaeschke et al, 2015;Dallas et al, 2016;. Secondly, our study has highlighted the necessity to evaluate response in several organs, as greater 32 P activity levels within digestive gland tissue in particular has induced a greater genotoxic response (Fig 2).…”

Section: Dosimetry and Dose-response Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 88%

Assessing relative biomarker responses in marine and freshwater bivalve molluscs following exposure to phosphorus 32 (32P): Application of genotoxicological and molecular biomarkers

Vernon

Bean

Jha

2020

Journal of Environmental Radioactivity

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Anthropogenic radionuclides can enter water bodies through accidental or controlled discharges. In order to assess their potential impact, understanding the link between exposure, tissue specific bioaccumulation and radiation dose rate, to biological or biomarker responses in aquatic biota is required. Adopting an integrated, multi-biomarker, multispecies approach, we have investigated potential biological responses induced by short-lived radionuclide, phosphorus-32 (32P, radiophosphorus) in two ecologically important mussel species, the freshwater Dreissena polymorpha (DP) and marine Mytilus galloprovincialis (MG). Adult individuals were exposed to 32P for 10 days, to acquire nominal whole-body average dose rates of 0.10, 1 and 10 mGy d-1, which encompass a screening value of 10 μGy h-1 (0.24 mGy d-1), in accordance with the ERICA tool. Following exposure, a suite of genotoxic biomarkers (DNA damage, γ-H2AX induction and micronucleus [MN] formation) were measured in gill and digestive gland tissues, along with transcriptional expression of selected stress-related genes in both the species (i.e. hsp70/90, sod, cat and gst). Our results demonstrate the relationship between tissue specific dosimetry, where 32P induced a dosedependent increase, and biological responses independent of species. Gene expression analysis revealed little significant variation across species or tissues. Overall, MG appeared to be more sensitive to short-term damage (i.e. high DNA damage and γ-H2AX induction), particularly in digestive gland. This study contributes to limited knowledge on the transfer and biological impact of radionuclides within differing aquatic systems on a tissue specific level, aiding the development of adequate management and protective strategies.

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“…10 However, consensus on the RBE of tritium has not yet been reached. [15][16][17][18] The UK Advisory Group on Ionizing Radiation released a report suggesting that given the large number of radiobiology studies that focus on tritium, its RBE should be classified as a minimum of 2 and that 3 should be considered for safety. 19 Although the biological effects of high doses of tritium have been defined and genetic and specific tumor effects have been identified in animal models after long-term exposure, epidemiological investigations into the health risks associated with exposure to tritium are not yet publicly available.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 10 However, consensus on the RBE of tritium has not yet been reached. 15 - 18 The UK Advisory Group on Ionizing Radiation released a report suggesting that given the large number of radiobiology studies that focus on tritium, its RBE should be classified as a minimum of 2 and that 3 should be considered for safety. 19 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tritiated Water Induces Toxicity in Human Umbilical Vein Vascular Endothelial Cells via IL8

Yan

Liu

et al. 2020

Dose-Response

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We aimed to determine the toxic effects of tritiated water (HTO) on 12 generations (T1-T12) of human umbilical vein vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. We evaluated cellular senescence, interleukin (IL) 8 concentrations, and angiogenesis using β-galactosidase staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and in vitro assays, respectively. The adhesion properties of contaminated cells and differentially expressed genes were assessed using the xCELLigence RTCA SP system and gene chip analysis, respectively. We found that long-term exposure to low levels of HTO can reduce the adhesion of HUVECs to the cellular matrix as well as their angiogenic capacity, while increasing their permeability, senescence, and adhesion to monocytes. Interleukin 8 activated the p38 and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) pathways in HTO-treated cells and hence was identified as a key candidate of biomarker. The present study clarified the toxicity of HTO in vascular endothelial cells and identified IL8 as a novel protective target with important theoretical and practical values.

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Are low doses of tritium genotoxic to Mytilus edulis?

Cited by 23 publications

References 6 publications

Assessing relative sensitivity of marine and freshwater bivalves following exposure to copper: Application of classical and novel genotoxicological biomarkers

Assessing relative sensitivity of marine and freshwater bivalves following exposure to copper: Application of classical and novel genotoxicological biomarkers

Assessing relative biomarker responses in marine and freshwater bivalve molluscs following exposure to phosphorus 32 (32P): Application of genotoxicological and molecular biomarkers

Tritiated Water Induces Toxicity in Human Umbilical Vein Vascular Endothelial Cells via IL8

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