Are microRNAs located in genomic regions associated with cancer?

Lamy, Philippe; Andersen, Claus Lindbjerg; Dyrskjøt, Lars; Tørring, Niels; Ørntoft, Torben F.; Wiuf, Carsten

doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6603381

Cited by 46 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The majority of published studies which have evaluated the global microRNA expression pattern of colon tumors indicate that more microRNAs show increased expression in colon cancer compared to those that have reduced expression 5, 8-10 . These observations are consistent with findings that microRNA locations are over-represented in regions of genomic copy number gain and under-represented in regions of copy number loss in colon cancer 11, 12 . While the meaning of this is unclear, there may be more oncogenic microRNAs than tumor suppressor microRNAs in colon cancer.…”

Section: Microrna Expression Patterns Are Altered In Colon Tumorssupporting

confidence: 92%

Alterations of MicroRNAs Contribute to Colon Carcinogenesis

Schetter

Harris

2011

Seminars in Oncology

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MicroRNAs are being evaluated as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for colon cancer. MicroRNAs have a functional role in the initiation and progression of colon cancer. Altered microRNA expression is found in tumors and their expression patterns may serve as useful cancer biomarkers. Polymorphisms in microRNAs or microRNA binding sites may modify ones risk of developing cancer. As we continue to improve our understanding of the role for microRNAs in the initiation and progression of cancer, one goal is to gain insights that will allow for the development of microRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cancer. This review provides a current understanding of the connection between microRNAs and colon cancer. We will cover evidence that global microRNA expression patterns are altered in colon tumors, that specific microRNAs have a functional role colon carcinogenesis, that polymorphisms in microRNAs may be associated with risk of colon cancer, and the potential for using circulating microRNAs as a non-invasive biomarker for the detection of cancer.

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Section: Microrna Expression Patterns Are Altered In Colon Tumorssupporting

confidence: 92%

Alterations of MicroRNAs Contribute to Colon Carcinogenesis

Schetter

Harris

2011

Seminars in Oncology

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“…Lamy et al reported that miRs in BC are over-represented in regions of copy number loss [44]. Tatarano et al demonstrated that deletion of 4p15.31, which is commonly observed in BC cell lines, results in the loss of tumor suppressor miR-218, and restoration of miR-218 expression inhibits BC proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis [45].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evolving understanding of microRNA in bladder cancer

Guancial

Bellmunt

Yeh

et al. 2014

Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations

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Purpose MicroRNA (miR) expression is altered in urologic malignancies, including bladder cancer (BC). Individual miRs have been shown to modulate multiple signaling pathways that contribute to BC. We reviewed the primary literature on the role of miRs in BC and provide a general introduction to the processing, regulation, and function of miRs as tumor suppressors and oncogenes; and critically evaluate the literature on the implications of altered miR expression in BC. Materials and Methods We searched the English language literature for original and review articles in PubMed® from 1993 to March 2013, using the terms “microRNA” and “bladder cancer,” “transitional cell carcinoma,” or “urothelial carcinoma.” This search yielded 133 unique articles with greater than 85% published within the last three years. Results To date, the majority of miR studies in BC use profiling to describe dynamic changes in miR expression across stage and grade. Generalized down regulation of miRs, including those that target the fibroblast growth factor 3 (FGFR3) pathway such as miR-145, miR-101, miR-100 and miR-99a, has been observed in low grade, non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). In contrast, generalized increased expression of miRs is observed in high grade, muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) compared with adjacent normal bladder urothelium, including miRs predicted to target p53, such as miR-21 and miR-373. Furthermore, p53 suppresses transcriptional factors which promote mesenchymal differentiation, ZEB-1 and ZEB-2, through regulation of the miR200 family. Conclusions Aberrations in miR expression identified between NMIBC and MIBC support and provide insight into molecular alterations known to distinguish the two parallel pathways of bladder carcinogenesis. The heterogeneity of tumor specimens and research methods limits the reproducibility of changes in miR expression profiles between studies and underscores the importance of in vivo validation in a field that utilizes in silico miR target prediction models.

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“…The causes of miR deregulation in tumors are not well known but may include gene dosage alterations or rearrangements close to miR loci (9,(39)(40)(41). In this study, we investigated a series of miRs mapped to chromosomal regions frequently altered in MCL (14).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNA Expression, Chromosomal Alterations, and Immunoglobulin Variable Heavy Chain Hypermutations in Mantle Cell Lymphomas

Navarro¹,

Beà²,

Fernández³

et al. 2009

Cancer Research

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The contribution of microRNAs (miR) to the pathogenesis of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is not well known. We investigated the expression of 86 mature miRs mapped to frequently altered genomic regions in MCL in CD5 + /CD5 À normal B cells, reactive lymph nodes, and purified tumor cells of 17 leukemic MCL, 12 nodal MCL, and 8 MCL cell lines. Genomic alterations of the tumors were studied by single nucleotide polymorphism arrays and comparative genomic hybridization. Leukemic and nodal tumors showed a high number of differentially expressed miRs compared with purified normal B cells, but only some of them were commonly deregulated in both tumor types. An unsupervised analysis of miR expression profile in purified leukemic MCL cells revealed two clusters of tumors characterized by different mutational status of the immunoglobulin genes, proliferation signature, and number of genomic alterations. The expression of most miRs was not related to copy number changes in their respective chromosomal loci. Only the levels of miRs included in the miR-17-92 cluster were significantly related to genetic alterations at 13q31. Moreover, overexpression of miR-17-5p/miR-20a from this cluster was associated with high MYC mRNA levels in tumors with a more aggressive behavior. In conclusion, the miR expression pattern of MCL is deregulated in comparison with normal lymphoid cells and distinguishes two subgroups of tumors with different biological features. [Cancer Res 2009;69(17):7071-8]

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Are microRNAs located in genomic regions associated with cancer?

Cited by 46 publications

References 17 publications

Alterations of MicroRNAs Contribute to Colon Carcinogenesis

Alterations of MicroRNAs Contribute to Colon Carcinogenesis

The evolving understanding of microRNA in bladder cancer

MicroRNA Expression, Chromosomal Alterations, and Immunoglobulin Variable Heavy Chain Hypermutations in Mantle Cell Lymphomas

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