Are neonatal morbidities associated with no prenatal care different from those associated with inadequate prenatal care?

Okoroh, Ekwutosi M.; Coonrod, Dean V.; Chapple, Kristina; Drachman, David A.

doi:10.4236/ojog.2012.22018

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The correlation between inadequate ANC and increased rate of maternal and perinatal morbidity has been known since as early as 1914, when studies reported that timely detection and prompt treatment of pregnancy complications considerably reduced perinatal mortality from a variety of causes, including prematurity, small for gestational age (SGA) and LBW newborn [ 17 – 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adequacy of antenatal care and its relationship with low birth weight in Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil: a case-control study

Fonseca

Strufaldi

Carvalho

et al. 2014

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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BackgroundBirth weight reflects gestational conditions and development during the fetal period. Low birth weight (LBW) may be associated with antenatal care (ANC) adequacy and quality. The purpose of this study was to analyze ANC adequacy and its relationship with LBW in the Unified Health System in Brazil.MethodsA case-control study was conducted in Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil, 2004 to 2008. Data were collected from secondary sources (the Live Birth Certificate), and primary sources (the official medical records of pregnant women). The study population consisted of two groups, each with 860 newborns. The case group comprised newborns weighing less than 2,500 grams, while the control group comprised live newborns weighing greater than or equal to 2,500 grams. Adequacy of ANC was evaluated according to three measurements: 1. Adequacy of the number of ANC visits adjusted to gestational age; 2. Modified Kessner Index; and 3. Adequacy of ANC laboratory studies and exams summary measure according to parameters defined by the Ministry of Health in the Program for Prenatal and Birth Care Humanization.ResultsAnalyses revealed that LBW was associated with the number of ANC visits adjusted to gestational age (OR = 1.78, 95% CI 1.32-2.34) and the ANC laboratory studies and exams summary measure (OR = 4.13, 95% CI 1.36-12.51). According to the modified Kessner Index, 64.4% of antenatal visits in the LBW group were adequate, with no differences between groups.ConclusionsOur data corroborate the association between inadequate number of ANC visits, laboratory studies and exams, and increased risk of LBW newborns. No association was found between the modified Kessner Index as a measure of adequacy of ANC and LBW. This finding reveals the low indices of coverage for basic actions already well regulated in the Health System in Brazil. Despite the association found in the study, we cannot conclude that LBW would be prevented only by an adequate ANC, as LBW is associated with factors of complex and multifactorial etiology. The results could be used to plan monitoring measures and evaluate programs of health care assistance during pregnancy, at delivery and to newborns, focusing on reduced LBW rates.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adequacy of antenatal care and its relationship with low birth weight in Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil: a case-control study

Fonseca

Strufaldi

Carvalho

et al. 2014

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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“…This suggest therefore that adequacy of ANC can help protect against adverse pregnancy outcomes through preventative measures as well as early management of complications. In summary, early detection and treatment of pregnancy complications is reported to be associated with reduced perinatal mortality, small for gestational age (SGA) and LBW newborn [ 43 , 55 , 56 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Independent and joint contributions of inadequate antenatal care timing, contacts and content to adverse pregnancy outcomes

Saaka

Sulley

2023

Annals of Medicine

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Background Poor quality and inadequate of antenatal care (ANC) visits during pregnancy may increase the risk of preventable adverse pregnancy outcomes. We tested the hypothesis that the adequacy of ANC utilization combined with quality of ANC services will reduce the risk of low birth weight (LBW) and preterm delivery (P T D) in the Tamale metropolis of Ghana. Materials and methods A facility-based analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 553 postpartum women who had delivered within the last 12 months prior to the study. The overall utilization of ANC services was measured in terms of ANC timing, contacts, and content (TCC) of essential ANC services. The sample was drawn using systematic random sampling procedure. Primary data was collected from mothers by administering a structuredquestionnaire while the secondary data was extracted from individual records. Results After controlling for confounders, women who had adhered to all WHO recommendations in terms of ANC timing, frequency and content were 71 % protected from PTD, AOR = 0.29 (95 % CI: 0.15, 0.59) and 56 % protection from LBW AOR = 0.44 (95 % CI: 0.23, 0.83). Conclusion Individually and jointly, inadequate ANC contacts and content associatedsignificantly with preterm delivery than LBW. Key messages Limited evidence exists on the joint effect of ANC services timing, contacts and content on adverse pregnancy outcomes. Total adherence to recommended ANC initiation, attendance and receipt of essential services had greater protection against PTD and LBW, compared to any single element/component of ANC Women who had adequate overall ANC services utilization in terms of timing, contacts and content were 71 % protected from PTD, AOR = 0.29 (95 % CI: 0.15, 0.59) and 56 % protection from LBW AOR = 0.44 (95 % CI: 0.23, 0.83).

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“…Statistical data in Latvia shows that maternal smoking related to live births was 7.6% and 9.3% for stillbirths in 2016 [ 18 ]. Indisputably, prenatal care plays an important role in the monitoring and control of both sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, which may contribute to poor pregnancy outcomes including stillbirths [ 3 , 11 , 13 , 19 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal and Neonatal Characteristics for Late Foetal Death in Latvia between 2001 and 2014: Population-Based Study

Zîle

Ebela

Folkmanis

et al. 2018

Journal of Pregnancy

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Introduction Stillbirth is one of the most common adverse pregnancy outcomes worldwide. Late foetal death (LFD) rates are mostly used for international comparisons because of the large variations in stillbirth rates between countries. Objective To examine trends in LFD (including antepartum and intrapartum) by multiple births, birth weight, and maternal age in two time periods. Methods A retrospective cohort study was used to analyse data from the Medical Birth Register (2001–2014), divided into 2 periods of 7 years each. In total, data on 1,340 singletons were analysed. This study calculated LFD rates and rate ratios (RR). Results The overall LFD rate showed a slight statistically significant reduction (p < 0.001) of 18% between 2001–2007 and 2008–2014. There was a slight increase in the mortality rate from multiple pregnancies (RR 1.1/1000; 95% CI 0.6-1.9). There were no major differences in the LFD rate by maternal age during the time periods. Conclusions LFD decreased (RR 0.8/1000 births), as well as intrapartum LFD (RR 0.6/1000 births). Older maternal age influenced pregnancy outcomes, and higher LFD rates were observed in the age group ≥35 years. Substantial intrapartum stillbirths rates indicate problems with quality of intrapartum care and emergency obstetric care. Further research is needed to evaluate the strategies necessary to substantially reduce the number of stillbirths in the country.

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Are neonatal morbidities associated with no prenatal care different from those associated with inadequate prenatal care?

Cited by 7 publications

References 20 publications

Adequacy of antenatal care and its relationship with low birth weight in Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil: a case-control study

Adequacy of antenatal care and its relationship with low birth weight in Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil: a case-control study

Independent and joint contributions of inadequate antenatal care timing, contacts and content to adverse pregnancy outcomes

Maternal and Neonatal Characteristics for Late Foetal Death in Latvia between 2001 and 2014: Population-Based Study

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