Are Occupational Complexity and Socioeconomic Position Related to Psychological Distress 20 Years Later?

Darin‐Mattsson, Alexander; Andel, Ross; Fors, Stefan; Kåreholt, Ingemar

doi:10.1177/0898264315580120

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Research suggest that a composite measures of individual level indicators could be appropriate for this purpose [ 28 ]. The findings from a previous study, based on the same data as the present study, suggested that a composite measure of individual level variables of SES was more suitable for this purpose than any of the individual variables [ 29 ]. On the other hand, using a composite measure of individual level variables of SES, may obscure the underlying mechanisms and prevent progression in the understanding of how different aspects of SES contributes to health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…These scores have later been matched to Swedish occupational categories. See Andel et al [ 45 ] for a description of the matching procedure and Darin-Mattsson et al [ 29 ] for a more thorough description of occupational complexity. Occupational complexity ranges 0–10, the scale was divided into three categories on the complexity scale: 0–3.3 = low complexity, 3.4–6.4 = medium complexity, and 6.5–10 = high complexity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Different indicators of socioeconomic status and their relative importance as determinants of health in old age

Darin‐Mattsson¹,

Fors²,

Kåreholt³

2017

Int J Equity Health

Self Cite

267

172

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BackgroundSocioeconomic status has been operationalised in a variety of ways, most commonly as education, social class, or income. In this study, we also use occupational complexity and a SES-index as alternative measures of socioeconomic status. Studies show that in analyses of health inequalities in the general population, the choice of indicators influence the magnitude of the observed inequalities. Less is known about the influence of indicator choice in studies of older adults. The aim of this study is twofold: i) to analyse the impact of the choice of socioeconomic status indicator on the observed health inequalities among older adults, ii) to explore whether different indicators of socioeconomic status are independently associated with health in old age.MethodsWe combined data from two nationally representative Swedish surveys, providing more than 20 years of follow-up. Average marginal effects were estimated to compare the association between the five indicators of SES, and three late-life health outcomes: mobility limitations, limitations in activities of daily living (ADL), and psychological distress.ResultsAll socioeconomic status indicators were associated with late-life health; there were only minor differences in the effect sizes. Income was most strongly associated to all indicators of late-life health, the associations remained statistically significant when adjusting for the other indicators. In the fully adjusted models, education contributed to the model fits with 0–3% (depending on the outcome), social class with 0–1%, occupational complexity with 1–8%, and income with 3–18%.ConclusionsOur results indicate overlapping properties between socioeconomic status indicators in relation to late-life health. However, income is associated to late-life health independently of all other variables. Moreover, income did not perform substantially worse than the composite SES-index in capturing health variation. Thus, if the primary objective of including an indicator of socioeconomic status is to adjust the model for socioeconomic differences in late-life health rather than to analyse these inequalities per se, income may be the preferable indicator. If, on the other hand, the primary objective of a study is to analyse specific aspects of health inequalities, or the mechanisms that drive health inequalities, then the choice of indicator should be theoretically guided.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12939-017-0670-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different indicators of socioeconomic status and their relative importance as determinants of health in old age

Darin‐Mattsson¹,

Fors²,

Kåreholt³

2017

Int J Equity Health

Self Cite

267

172

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“…Five longest-held occupations ranked according to substantive work complexity, which refers to how much cognitive engagement is needed to perform job tasks (adulthood). 17 The substantive work complexity rating has been described in detail in a previous report. 18 Briefly, the US Dictionary of Occupational Titles was used to derive the ratings, and afterwards matched with analogous Swedish occupations by two independent raters.…”

Section: Active Life (Al) Indicatormentioning

confidence: 99%

Can active life mitigate the impact of diabetes on dementia and brain aging?

Marseglia

Darin‐Mattsson

Kalpouzos

et al. 2020

Alzheimer's & Dementia

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Introduction: We investigated whether lifelong exposure to stimulating activities (active life, AL) mitigates diabetes-associated dementia risk and brain aging. Methods: In the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care-Kungsholmen, 2286 dementia-free older adults (407 with MRI volumetric measures) were followed over 12 years to detect incident dementia. AL index (low, moderate, high) combined education, work complexity, leisure activities, and social network. Results: Participants with diabetes and low AL had higher dementia risk (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.36, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.45-3.87) than patients who were diabetes-free with moderate-to-high AL (reference). Dementia risk in participants with diabetes and moderate-to-high AL did not differ from the reference. People with diabetes and low AL had the smallest brain volume, but those with diabetes and moderate-to-high AL exhibited total brain and gray-matter volumes that were similar to those of diabetes-free participants. AL did not modify the diabetes microvascular lesions association. Discussion: AL could mitigate the deleterious impact of diabetes on dementia, potentially by limiting the loss of brain tissue volume.

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“…There is a growing body of evidence linking working conditions to several health outcomes in later life, including mobility, physical function, musculoskeletal pain, mental health, and survival (46)(47)(48)(49)(50)(51)(52)(53). Studies investigating associations between psychosocial work environment and late-life metabolic and cognitive functions, and limitations in activities of daily living (i.e., disability) are relatively scarce.…”

Section: Psychosocial Working Conditions and Health In Older Agementioning

confidence: 99%

Working Life Psychosocial Conditions in Relation to Late-Life Cognitive Decline: A Population-Based Cohort Study

Pan

Mangialasche

et al. 2019

JAD

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Are Occupational Complexity and Socioeconomic Position Related to Psychological Distress 20 Years Later?

Cited by 10 publications

References 37 publications

Different indicators of socioeconomic status and their relative importance as determinants of health in old age

Different indicators of socioeconomic status and their relative importance as determinants of health in old age

Can active life mitigate the impact of diabetes on dementia and brain aging?

Working Life Psychosocial Conditions in Relation to Late-Life Cognitive Decline: A Population-Based Cohort Study

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